Vietnam’s currency management: theory, practice and reality

PurposeInform an interested but non-professional reader of the reasons why Vietnam has been identified as a currency manipulator and the options Vietnam has to respond.Design/methodology/approachUses country-specific and comparative data to show the reality and identifies choices.FindingsRather than accept stiff US tariffs or strongly appreciate, a combination of modest real appreciation and “buy American” where economic may be the best option. Negotiation is needed and longer run, a stronger trade pact is needed.Research limitations/implicationsThis is a political as well as economic process with conflicting interests in both countries. Any outcome is subject to those pressures but an accommodation is likely with negotiation and compromise.Practical implicationsSuggests options and a feasible least-damage approach that appears to be being implemented.Social implicationsEmphasizes the need for real educational, technical and urban improvements if currency appreciation increases. Agricultural modernization is also mentioned.Originality/valueRelatively high for Vietnam; low for basic theory.

BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY IMPLEMENTATION ON MEDICAL RECORDS DATA MANAGEMENT: A REVIEW OF RECENT STUDIES

Blockchain first introduced and implemented in digital currency management and transactions. Its application to medical records data management is a novelty. This paper described the implementation of blockchain technology in the healthcare industry, especially in medical records data management A literature review was conducted on three popular databases, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, and IEEE Xplore with the keywords "health", "medical record" and "blockchain" with "research article" and "conference proceeding" filters. There are a few articles that meet the criteria to review indicated that the implementation of blockchain technology in medical records data management is a novelty and still in the early phase. Blockchain is a potential technology in supporting the implementation of electronic medical records, especially related to data integration and privacy. Several scientific publications related to the implementation of blockchain for medical records data management shown that the implementation of this technology will make the patient have full control over their health data. Yet there are still many challenges in the implementation both from the user side and the technology infrastructure.

Support for Thai government will be heavily strained

Subject Thai government's clampdown on the opposition and struggle with various crises. Significance The Constitutional Court last week dissolved the opposition Future Forward Party for receiving an illegal loan from its leader, Thanathorn Juangroongruangkit. Future Forward had in recent months emerged as a vigorous opponent of the military-backed government. Army Chief Apirat Kongsompong and Prime Minister Prayut Chan-o-cha may be relieved to be rid of the party, but there is unlikely to be any let-up in opposition pressure as the administration grapples with crises relating to military corruption, water shortage and infectious disease. Impacts The military will try to help the government manage an approaching drought and the spread of the Wuhan coronavirus. The central bank will step up currency management to keep Thai exports as competitive as possible amid the economic downturn. Erstwhile Future Forward MPs may form a new opposition party.

Founding a Central bank

This chapter shows how, like other aspects of the Matsukata financial reform that veered from classical financial orthodoxy, the Bank of Japan (BoJ) turned out to be hardly orthodox in its structure or operations. The BoJ, established in October 1882, was pivotal to Matsukata's effort to stabilize and modernize public finance. It separated currency management from the state's fiscal machine but keeping it under tight government supervision. Instead of choosing the Bank of England model with its high degree of independence from the government, Matsukata drew on the model of the Belgian central bank because it involved greater state control. Once established, the BoJ moved in an even more statist direction, assuming the task of financing industrial firms and adopting flexible German-style note issue under close government supervision rather than the orthodox Bank of England approach.

Evaluating and Forecasting Rate of Counterfeit Bankote Detection

Detection of counterfeit banknotes becoming a major issue in today’s scenario, as it is seems to be weighty aspect in terms of socio-economy of every living being. This paper highlights various distinguishing features of currencies of different countries, having an objective to secure their currency less susceptible from forgery. Afterwards, the paper focuses on analysing and comparing the rate of counterfeit detection with the forecasted rate of counterfeit currency detection. The analysis has been performed using, paired sample t-test and elementary time series forecasting in IBM SPSS 21 and RStudio respectively. Data points from 1999-00 to 2017-18 have been collected from Reserve Bank of India Annual reports under currency management section.

Cash-Heavy to Cash-Lite Indian Society: A Case Study From the Rural Northern Indian State

The country needs to move away from cash-based transaction towards a cashless (electronic) payment system to help reduce currency management cost, track transactions, check tax avoidance, fraud etc., enhance financial inclusion and integrate the parallel economy with main stream. India has a majority percentage of population residing in rural areas and by and large, literary percentage is low in spite of adult education program launched by the government. Higher rural population, late adoption of technology by the country, lack of awareness among potential users, optimum utilization of technology in hand, optimum marketing of e-delivery channels and security concern in use of e-delivery banking channels are some major issues causing hindrance in converting cash rich Indian society to cash lite one. The present article deals with issues by way of presenting some key challenges noticed during survey in rural areas of Uttar Pradesh state of India.