Method of combined treatment of air terminal wastewater and liquid wastes from dry closets of aircrafts

В состав сточных вод аэровокзалов входят хозяйственно-бытовые и производственные стоки от технологического оборудования пищеблока. Технологические схемы очистки сточных вод аэровокзалов не предусматривают прием и очистку жидких отбросов от биотуалетов самолетов, которые являются высококонцентрированными по показателям ХПК, азот аммонийный, фосфор. Кроме того, они содержат высокие концентрации дезинфицирующих средств, действующим веществом которых являются четвертичные аммониевые соли (ЧАС), токсичные для микроорганизмов. В результате поступления жидких отбросов на действующие очистные сооружения аэровокзала качественные показатели биологической очистки сточных вод значительно ухудшились, также изменились свойства биоценоза биопленки. Целью исследований являлось определение способа снижения концентрации ЧАС до значений, при которых прекращается токсичное воздействие на биоценоз биопленки, и определение соответствующей технологической схемы. Представлен анализ литературных данных по воздействию ЧАС на микроорганизмы активного ила, на основании которого выполнены лабораторные исследования и разработан способ подготовки жидких отбросов из биотуалетов самолетов для последующей их совместной очистки с хозяйственно-бытовыми сточными водами аэропорта. В ходе испытаний определена эффективность сорбции предварительно регенерированным избыточным активным илом загрязняющих веществ, в том числе и ЧАС. Определены технологические параметры процессов, разработана и внедрена эффективная, надежная, простая в эксплуатации технологическая схема совместной очистки хозяйственно-бытовых сточных вод аэровокзала и жидких отбросов биотуалетов самолетов. The composition of the wastewater of air terminals includes sewage and industrial wastewater from the technological equipment of the food unit. Process flow schemes for wastewater treatment of air terminals do not provide for the reception and treatment of liquid wastes from water closets of aircrafts, that are highly concentrated in terms of COD, ammonium nitrogen, phosphorus. In addition, they contain high concentrations of disinfectants with quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) as an active ingredient toxic to microorganisms. As a result of liquid waste discharge to the operating treatment facilities of the air terminal, the quality indicators of biological wastewater treatment have significantly deteriorated, and the properties of the biocenosis of the biofilm have also changed. The aim of the research was to determine a method for reducing the concentration of QAS to the level where the toxic effect on the biofilm biocenosis ceased, and to develop an appropriate process flow scheme. An analysis of the literature data on the impact of QAS on activated sludge microorganisms is presented; on this basis laboratory studies were carried out and a method was developed for the pre-treatment of liquid waste from aircraft water closets for the subsequent combined treatment with the air terminal sewage. In the course of the tests, the efficiency of pollution sorption, including QAS, by the preliminary regenerated excess activated sludge was determined. The technological parameters of the processes were determined; an efficient, reliable, easy-to-use process flow scheme for the combined treatment of sewage of the air terminal and liquid waste of water closets of aircrafts was developed and implemented.

Co-Mo-W Galvanochemical Alloy Application as Cathode Material in the Industrial Wastewater Treatment Processes

The article deals with the role of electrodes materials in improving the industrial wastewater treatment from pollutants by electrochemical action. The instability constants of the complexes and coordinated ligand molecules were calculated. Based on the research conducted regarding the rationalisation of the poly-ligand electrolytes and electrolysis modes, a variative flow scheme of the coatings deposition by triple alloy has been developed. The corrosion resistance characteristics of the coatings obtained in the form of alloy, that were obtained from complex electrolyte that satisfy the necessary coatings requirements for effective treatment of wastewater have been researched. The obtained coatings have better corrosion resistance than in special steels of electrochemical purpose.

Efficient direct seawater electrolysers using selective alkaline NiFe-LDH as OER catalyst in asymmetric electrolyte feeds

Increasing the performance of seawater electrolyser and enabling direct natural seawater feed by asymmetric electrolyte flow scheme.

Analysis of possible interferences in A-CDM information flow

Growth in air traffic and increasing number of processed data along with it constitutes a major issue for effectiveness and safety of implementation of airport operations. In the Airport Collaborative Decision Making (A-CDM) which is regarded as an attempt to solve this problem, it is assumed that the improvement of the situation could be achieved by the better usage of resources and improved predictability of events. In this article analysis of possible interferences in A-CDM information flow was carried out. It aimed at searching for the most critical places in the structure of information flow, essential for appropriate implementation of operational processes at the airport. The information flow scheme between A-CDM partners was developed and then interferences applying Bow-Tie method were identified. The conducted analysis resulted in the catalogue of possible causes of interferences and effects triggered by them. This research shows that effectiveness of implementation of A-CDM might be strictly dependable on spotting the most important places generating interferences in the information flow and will allow the effective prevention of its consequences.

Investigating Protein-Protein Allosteric Network using Current-Flow Scheme

Protein dynamic network analysis provides a powerful tool for investigating protein allosteric regulation. We recently developed a current-flow betweenness scheme for protein network analysis and demonstrated that this method, i.e. using current-flow betweenness as edge weights, is more appropriate and more robust for investigating the signal transmission between two predefined protein residues or domains as compared with direct usage of correlation scores as edge weights. Here we seek to expand the current-flow scheme to study allosteric regulations involving protein-protein binding. Specifically, we investigated three gain-of-function mutations located at the binding interface of ALK2 (also known as ACVR1) kinase and its inhibitory protein FKBP12. We first searched for the optimal smoothing function for contact network construction and then calculated the subnetwork between FKBP12 protein and ALK2 ATP binding site using current-flow betweenness. By comparing the networks between the wild-type and three mutants, we have identified statistically significant changes in the protein-protein networks that are common among all three mutants that allosterically shift the kinase towards a catalytically competent configuration.