Shampoos: Hair Care Cosmetics

In this article we studied hair care product shampoos which are for topical preparation on the hair. Recent advances in hair science and hair care technologies have been reported in literature claiming innovations and strategies for hair treatments and cosmetic products. The treatment of hair and scalp involved the use of shampoo for an effective, gentle cleansing, the shampoo is condidered not only as a cosmetic product having purifying purpose, but it is also responsible for maintaining the health and beauty of hair, imparting gloss and improving manageability. Shampoos is hair care product which is used to remove grease, dirt, dandruff and promote hair growth, strengths a hair. It also make hair smooth,soft and lustrous.Various contents are use in shampoo,some shampoos content drug also when medicated shampoos is to be prepare.In Shampoos various natural or herbal product are also used such as aloevera,neem,jasmine etc. This review largely focus on the description of shampoo

Different spectrophotometric methods manipulating ratio spectra for the assay of hydrocortisone acetate and clioquinol in their topical preparation

Simple and precise spectrophotometric methods for quantitative assay of a mixture of hydrocortisone acetate (HCA) and clioquinol (CL) were developed and validated through different mathematical manipulation pathways. The developed methods utilized ratio spectra for resolving binary mixtures including absorbance subtraction, ratio subtraction coupled with spectrum subtraction, constant multiplication, constant value, and derivative ratio. The proposed methods were proved to be specific by analysing the laboratory-prepared mixtures and were applied for the assay of topical preparation successfully. The methods were validated using ICH guidelines where accuracy, repeatability and intermediate precision were within the acceptable limits. The linearity range was found to be 2-22 for HCA and 1.5-7 µg/mL for CL in all proposed methods and 2-7 µg/mL for HCA and CL in absorbance subtraction method through using a unified regression equation. The findings were statistically evaluated with respect to the official and reported methods, demonstrating that there was no significant difference.

Design, Formulation, and Physicochemical Evaluation of Occimum sanctum Containing Honey Based Hydrogel

Background and Aim: The present study aims to formulate a hydrogel containing Tulsi (O. sanctum) and honey, to obtain a pharmaceutical topical preparation having desirable healing effects and antibacterial properties of both the ingredients. Material and Method: Topical honey hydrogel formulation were prepared using 75%honey and 10% Occimum sanctum (Tulsi) with polymer carbopol 934. The prepared formulation was assessed for its pH, spreadability, swelling index and in-vitro release Result: The pH and spreadability were in the range of 4.74 ± 0.02 and 7.75 ± 0.04 cm respectively. Carbopol based Honey –Tulsi Formulation showed a concentration-dependent increase in the amount of honey and O. sanctum diffused through dialysis method. Conclusion: Within the limitations of the study, the results of our present study suggest that the studied Honey –Tulsi based hydrogel could be an economic indigenous substitute which is non-toxic, natural and efficient for clinical application.

IMPROVED TOPICAL PREPARATION OF CALCIPOTRIOL IN THE TREATMENT OF PSORIASIS

This research project is aimed to prepare improved topical preparation of Calcipotriol in the treatment of psoriasis by incorporation of an anti-inflammatory agent, keratolytic agent, humectants, surfactant, thickener & to perform its evaluation. In these different preparations of lotions sodium carboxymethylcellulose is used as a viscosity-enhancing agent in varying concentrations. This non-steroidal formulation is prepared by adding tea tree oil to avoid side effects associated with steroidal preparation and to avoid the issue of atrophy with long-term use of steroids. Evaluation of all the formulations such as spreadability, viscosity, drug content determination, pH, in-vitro release study, to choose the optimized formulation was carried out. According to ICH guidelines, stability studies were carried out to check the stability (parameters such as appearance, pH, viscosity, drug content) of prepared formulations for 3 months at room temperature. In-vitro drug release study CT5 formulation was carried by dialysis diffusion method. The cumulative% drug release of CT5 formulation in 210minutes was 85.10%. Based on the evaluation, formulation (CT5) was found to be better among all the formulations. The prepared calcipotriol formulation and a commercial formulation of calcipotriol were evaluated for anti-psoriatic activity. In-vivo anti-psoriatic was performed by using the Imiquimod Induced Psoriasis skin model. The results obtained in this study have been concluded that the prepared formulation (CT5) has great potential for topical delivery in the treatment of psoriasis.

FORMULATION OF GEL FROM GYNURA SEGETUM EXTRACT AND ITS ACTIVITY ON BURN WOUND HEALING

Objective: The aims of this study were to formulate gel from Gynura segetum (GS) extract and evaluate its burn-healing activity. Methods: GS extract was formulated using carbomer and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) as a stabilizer with various concentrations. Furthermore, the gel of GS extract was evaluated, including organoleptic, pH and viscosity. A burn-healing evaluation was conducted by making a wound with a hot plate on male Wistar rats, and 600 mg of the gel was applied. Subsequently, the presence of erythema and width contraction of the burns were observed for 15 d. Results: The result showed that the formulation containing 1 % of carbomer and 1.2 % of GS extract has the best physical stability. The gel also increased the rate of the healing process with decreased burn wound contraction (5.67 mm after 15 d) and the erythema than the control (8.50 mm after 15 d). The significance value was less than 0.05, indicating that the rate of the healing process was significantly different between the GS extract gel and the control. Conclusion: This finding demonstrated that the gel of GS extract can significantly improve the burns wound healing process and may also be safely used for topical preparation.

Optimisation and Evaluation of Antibacterial Topical Preparation from Malaysian Kelulut Honey using Guar Gum as Polymeric Agent

The study aims to formulate and optimise topical antibacterial preparation using Malaysian kelulut honey as the active ingredient and guar gum as the polymeric agent. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimise the preparation. The acidity, honey concentration, and guar gum concentration were the independent variables. Meanwhile, the zone of inhibitions on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC6538 and Escherichia coli ATCC8739 were the response variables. The optimal preparation was evaluated on its physicochemical properties, viscosity, antibacterial efficacy, and stability. The antibacterial efficacy of the optimal preparation was compared to the commercial antibacterial gel (MediHoney™, Comvita). The optimal preparation was formulated at pH 3.5, honey concentration of 90% (w/v), and guar gum concentration of 1.5% (w/v). The inhibition zones measured on S. aureus ATCC6538 was 16.2 mm and E. coli ATCC8739 was 15.8 mm, respectively. The optimal preparation showed good physicochemical properties and effective antibacterial properties. However, the viscosity of the preparation was reduced by more than 50% during the six months of the stability study. Guar gum is a potential polymeric agent in preparing kelulut as topical preparation with effective antibacterial properties. Consideration of additional stabilising or preservative agent is recommended to overcome the reduction of viscosity over time.

Perbandingan Basis Salep Terhadap Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Kasar Bromelin Dari Bonggol Nanas

The pineapple tuber contains bromelain enzyme which is able to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa causing skin infections. The topical preparation that good for treating skin infections is ointments. Ointments have two type of bases such as hydrocarbon and absorption base. This study aims to compare the comparison of ointment bases having antibacterial activity of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This research used experimental methods. The bromelain enzyme was extracted and purified with ammonium sulfate and then dialyzed. The bromelain enzyme with a concentration of 4% was formulated into ointment preparation with a base of hydrocarbons (F1, F2) and absorption base (F3, F4). Each formula was evaluated for organoleptic, homogenity, pH, spreadability, irritation test, stability and antibacterial activity. The results showed that all formulas with hydrocarbon base and absorbent base types met good topical preparation requirements, that are semi-solid, homogeneous, having a pH range of 4.5 - 6.5, stable during storage and not irritating on the skin. However, ointments based on hydrocarbons have the best antibacterial activity when compared to absorption base ointments. Formula 2 with a base of hydrocarbons have strong antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa which is the best among the other formulas.