تقييم فاعلية بعض المطهرات والمعقمات على البكتيريا الزائفة (Pseudomonas) المعزولة من وحدة العناية المركّزة للمواليد في مستشفى مصراتة المركزي - ليبيا

الملخص تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تقييم مدى فاعلية وتأثير بعض المطهرات والمعقمات المستخدمة في المرافق الصحية، وخصوصًا في مستشفى مصراتة المركزي، بحسب التراكيز المعدّة لهذه المرافق، على مجموعة البكتيريا الزائفة (Pseudomonas) المعزولة من قسم الولادة ووحدة العناية المركّزة للأطفال حديثي الولادة بمستشفى مصراتة المركزي، في الفترة من 11 أكتوبر2017 إلى 8 مارس 2018، مع العامل الزمني لهذا التأثير، حيث كانت الأنواع المعزولة هي (Pseudomonas spp)، (Pseudomonas aeruginosa)، (pseudomallei Pseudomonas)، (Pseudomonas cepacia)، (Pseudomonas fluorescens)، (Pseudomonas luteola). وباستخدام أقراص ورق الترشيح المشبعة بالمعقم (Disk diffusion)، وكانت المعقمات والمطهرات، هي: (Ethanol)، (NaClO)، (Propanol AF)، (Desreson AF)، (Cidex)، (Decosept)، (Minuson AF)، (Dettol)، أظهرت النتائج تأخرًا في تأثير هذه المعقمات؛ إذ لم يظهر أي تأثير قبل 20 دقيقة من التعريض، وكان أكثرها فاعلية مطهر (Cidex) عند 20 دقيقة ضد الأنواع الثلاثة (P.cepacia) و(P. fluorescens) و(P.pseudomallei)، ثم بعد 24 ساعة لوحظت فاعلية جيدة على أغلب الأنواع للمعقمات (Decosept) و(NaClO) و(Dettol) و(Derseson)، ولكن ليس على كل الأنواع، مع فاعلية جيدة لمعقم (Propanol) على كل الأنواع، وتأثير خفيف لمطهر (Ethanol) ابتداء من الدقيقة 20، وانعدام أي تأثير لمعقم (Minuson) على هذه الأنواع، حيث تراوح حجم الهالة على هذه البكتيريا من 3 مليمترات إلى 2.5 سنتيمتر.

Pseudomonas luteola Bacteremia in Newly Diagnosed Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Pseudomonas luteola is rarely considered as a human pathogen.There are only fewer than twenty reported cases of P. luteola infections since 1950. It has been described in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients as a cause of both nosocomial and community-acquired infections. We report a rare case of P. luteola infection in a previously healthy patient who was admitted to hospital with a first presentation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) presenting with P. luteola bacteremia.

The Diversity of Culture-Dependent Gram-Negative Rhizobacteria Associated with Manihot esculenta Crantz Plants Subjected to Water-Deficit Stress

There is a lack of studies on the root-associated bacterial microbiome of cassava plants. The identification and characterization of rhizobacteria can contribute to understanding the adaptation of the agriculturally important crop plants to abiotic stress. Rhizobacteria play a significant role in plants, as they can alleviate the drought stress by various mechanisms that enhance the plant growth under these stressor conditions. In this study, Gram-negative bacterial strains from the plant rhizosphere of cassava Manihot esculenta Crantz CIAT MCOL1734 variety subjected to water deprivation were isolated, characterized according to their morphological properties, and then identified by VITEK® 2. An increase in the diversity, abundance, and species richness of Gram-negative rhizobacterial community was found in cassava plants subjected to water-deficit stress. In total, 58 rhizobacterial strains were isolated from cassava plants. The identification process found that the bacteria belonged to 12 genera: Achromobacter, Acinetobacter, Aeromonas, Buttiauxella, Cronobacter, Klebsiella, Ochrobactrum, Pluralibacter, Pseudomonas, Rhizobium, Serratia, and Sphingomonas. Interestingly, Pseudomonas luteola and Ocrhobactrum anthropi were rhizobacteria isolated exclusively from plants submitted to drought conditions. The cassava roots constitute a great reservoir of Gram-negative bacteria with a remarkable potential for biotechnological application to improve the drought tolerance of plant crops under water-deficit conditions.

Incidence, bacteriological profile and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of neonatal sepsis in a tertiary health facility in Abuja, North-central Nigeria.

Background: Neonatal sepsis is commonly caused by bacteria in the first 28 days of life. Due to diagnostic limitations in developing settings, prompt laboratory identification of causative organisms is usually a challenge. To prevent mortality, clear knowledge of bacteria and their antibiotic sensitivity patterns are important for prompt empirical treatment. Methods: This prospective study enrolled 339 newborns with signs and symptoms suggestive of neonatal sepsis out of 645 that were admitted into the special care unit of the University of Teaching Hospital during the study period. Socio-demographic and clinical profiles of the newborns were obtained using a questionnaire and blood culture was done from every enrolled newborn (339 newborns) using BACTEC 9050. The bacteriological profile and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of newborns with confirmed neonatal sepsis were documented. Results: A total of 339 newborn were admitted for probable sepsis out of a total admission of 645 newborns during the study period based on clinical features and initial laboratory work-up. Forty-six of the 645 newborns (46/645) had culture proven sepsis resulting in a neonatal sepsis incidence rate of 71.3 (95%CI 50.7-91.9) per 1000 admitted newborns. Seventeen of the 46 confirmed sepsis cases were among the 1322 newborns delivered within the study facility during the study period giving an in-hospital neonatal sepsis incidence rate of 12.9 (95% CI 6.7-19.0) per 1000 live births. Amongst the 46 babies with positive blood culture, 27/46 (58.7%) had normal white cell count while the remaining 19/46 (41.3%) had abnormal results. Fifty-two (52) counts of bacteria categorized into 11 bacteria species were isolated from the 46 positive blood cultures. Enterococcus spp and streptococcus species were the commonest gram-positive while Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas luteola were the commonest gram-negative bacteria isolates. Imipenem, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, Vancomycin, and ofloxacin had the widest coverage of bacteria isolated from newborn with sepsis. Conclusion: Neonatal sepsis is still prevalent in our environment and compared to previous documented isolates and sensitivity pattern, the bacteria causes, and their antibiotic sensitivity patterns appears to be changing.

Screening and characterization of sponge-associated bacteria from Seribu Island, Indonesia producing cellulase and laccase enzymes

Maharsiwi W, Astuti RI, Meryandini A, Wahyudi AT. 2020. Screening and characterization of sponge-associated bacteria from Seribu Island, Indonesia producing cellulase and laccase enzymes. Biodiversitas 21: 975-981. Exploration of new enzymes from an extreme environment is important to improve industrial efficiency. This study aimed to get sponge-associated bacteria from Seribu Island with the capability to produce cellulase and laccase. These enzyme activities were indicated by the clear zones on CMC medium for cellulase and the reddish-brown zone on Guaiacol medium for laccase. About 100 of sponge-associated bacteria have been isolated from 5 marine sponges used SWC and NA modified media. As screened, one isolate (AGN89) could produce both enzymes and 11 isolates could produce cellulase. Quantitative analysis was performed using the DNS method and obtained the activities of 4 best cellulolytic isolates ranged from 0.04-0.06 UmL-1 and 0.70-1.18 UmL-1 in enzyme and specific activities, respectively. Gene-based determination for the isolate producing laccase resulted in a ±1100 bp amplicon fragment which identified as multicopper oxidase family protein. Based on the 16S-rRNA gene, AGN89 and these 4 cellulolytic isolates were identified as Pseudomonas luteola strain NBRC 103146, Bacillus aerius strain 24k, Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain DSM 50071, Mycobacterium maritypicum strain DSM 20578, and Brachybacterium conglomeratum strain J 1015. This result suggests that the sponge-associated bacteria from Seribu Island could become new enzymes producer for further applications in industry.

Detection of metallo beta lactamase production in imipenem resistant gram negative bacilli non fermenters isolated in a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Objectives: Metallo-beta lactamase (MBL) producing non fermenter Gram negative bacilli is an emerging warning and cause of worry as they have established as one of the most feared resistance mechanisms and are the foremost cause of nosocomial infections worldwide. Carbapenem, including Imipenem, Meropenem and Doripenem are often used as a last remedy for treatment of infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter and other Gram-negative. The present study was designed to explore the distribution of imipenem resistant non-fermenter Gram-negative bacilli isolates in different age groups. Study Design: Cross sectional Descriptive study. Setting: Microbiology laboratory, PGMI, Lahore. Period: January 2015 to December 2015. Material & Methods: 53 imipenem resistant NFGNB that were isolated from appropriate sampling of patients suffering from several infections were analyzed by using different standard microbiological techniques like microscopy, culture methods, biochemical reactions and antibiotic susceptibility using Kirby-Bauer method. MBL recognition was performed by imipenem-2MPA double disc synergy test (DDST). Results: This study shows the frequency of imipenem resistant non-fermenter Gram-negative bacilli isolated from various clinical wards. Maximum NFGNB were recovered from surgery/surgical allied 35.84% followed by ICU 28.3%, medicine /medicine allied 20.75%, pediatrics 9.4% and gynae/obs 5.6% respectively. MBL production was identified among different imipenem resistant non-fermenter Gram-negative bacilli isolates by DDST using 2-MPA. Out of total 53 imipenem resistant non-fermenter Gram Negative Bacilli 37 Pseudomonas aeruginosa 20(54.05%) were MBL positive. Out of 13 Acinetobacter baumannii and 2 Pseudomonas luteola, 11(84.61%) Acinetobacter baumannii and 1(50%) Pseudomonas luteola were positive for MBL production. None of the Acinetobacter junii indicated MBL production. Conclusion: Double disc synergy test is operational for detection of MBL producers among NFGNB. It can be established in our routine clinical microbiology laboratories, for the MBL recognition especially in imipenem resistant isolates as of its cost efficiency.