Effect of TiO2 Concentration on Microstructure and Properties of Composite Cu–Sn–TiO2 Coatings Obtained by Electrodeposition

In this work, Cu–Sn–TiO2 composite coatings were electrochemically obtained from a sulfate bath containing 0–10 g/L of TiO2 nanoparticles. The effect of TiO2 particles on kinetics of cathodic electrodeposition has been studied by linear sweep voltammetry and chronopotentiometry. As compared to the Cu–Sn alloy, the Cu–Sn–TiO2 composite coatings show rougher surfaces with TiO2 agglomerates embedded in the metal matrix. The highest average amount of included TiO2 is 1.7 wt.%, in the case of the bath containing 5 g/L thereof. Composite coatings showed significantly improved antibacterial properties towards E. coli ATCC 8739 bacteria as compared to the Cu–Sn coatings of the same composition. Such improvement has been connected with the corrosion resistance of the composites studied by linear polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. In the bacterial media and 3% NaCl solutions, Cu–Sn–TiO2 composite coatings have lower corrosion resistance as compared to Cu–Sn alloys, which is caused by the nonuniformity of the surface.

Synthesis of Water-Solved Epoxy-Amine Oligomers and Receiving Coating Based on Them by Cathodic Electrodeposition

Kinetics of synthesis of epoxy-amine oligomers that are used as polielectrolytes in technology of cathodic electrodeposition was researched. Solubilityof the reaction product was researched by a correlation between pH and amount of neutralizing agent, molar mass distribution was researched for confirmation of expected molar mass. Pigment paste in three different options was made and used in a mixture with binder emulsion to receive coatings deposited on a cathode. Their properties were researched

On the mechanism of formation of electrochromic WO3 films on the surface OF Sn, Ti & ITO-electrodes in the process of cathodic electrodeposition

At the article of mechanism the electrochemical formation of WO3 films on the surface of titanium, tin and ITO-electrodes is investigated under various regime, including the deposition time τ = 2000–8000 s, the electrochemical potential of deposition on the cathode in the range from –0,4 to –1 V. A technique for the synthesis of peroxytungstic acid and a method of cathodic electrodeposition are presented. The studies carried out with tin and titanium extend the field of application of WO3 films to technologies of chemical current sources and fuel cells.

A novel electrochemical procedure for grown of bimetallic metal–organic framework (Ni/Zn-MOF) and its derived hydroxide@C onto Ni foam as binder-free high performance battery-type electrodes for supercapacitors

Todays, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and their derived structures have been extensively investigated as the novel electrode materials in energy storage area due to their stable porous architectures and exceptionally large specific surface area. In this study, bimetallic Ni,Zn-MOF is synthesized onto Ni foam via a novel indirect cathodic electrodeposition method for the first time. After that, the fabricated Ni,Zn-MOFs onto Ni foam was converted to corresponding bi-metal hydroxide@C/Ni foam through direct chemical treating with 6M KOH solution. The obtained Ni,Zn-MOFs/NF and Ni2 − xZnx (OH)2@C/NF electrodes are characterized through XRD, FT-IR, FE-SEM and EDS analyses. These analyses results confirmed deposition of well-defined crystalline porous sheet-like structures of Ni3 − xZnx(BTC)2 deposited onto Ni foam, where the hydroxide@C electrode was also exhibited similar morphology. As the binder-free electrode, the as-prepared Ni,Zn-MOF@Ni foam exhibited the superior storage capacities of 356.1 mAh g− 1 and 255.5 mAh g− 1 as well as good cycling stabilities of 94.2 % and 84.5 % after 6000 consecutive charge/discharge cycles at the current densities of 5 and 15 A g− 1, respectively. On the other hand, Ni,Zn-MOF derived hydroide@C/Ni foam presented the superior capacities of 545 mAh g− 1 and 406 mAh g− 1 as well as proper cycle lifes of 91.8 % and 78.3 % after 6000 cycling at the applied loads of 5 and 15 A g− 1, respectively. Based on these findings, both of these fabricated battery-type electrodes are introduced as the promising candidates for use in energy storage devices.

Understanding Electrodeposition of Chitosan–Hydroxyapatite Structures for Regeneration of Tubular-Shaped Tissues and Organs

Tubular-shaped hydrogel structures were obtained in the process of cathodic electrodeposition from a chitosan–hydroxyapatite solution carried out in a cylindrical geometry. The impact of the initial concentration of solution components (i.e., chitosan, hydroxyapatite, and lactic acid) and process parameters (i.e., time and voltage) on the mass and structural properties of deposit was examined. Commercially available chitosan differs in average molecular weight and deacetylation degree; therefore, these parameters were also studied. The application of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry allowed obtaining fundamental information about the type of bonds and interactions created in electrodeposited structures. Biocompatible tubular implants are highly desired in the field of regeneration or replacement of tubular-shaped tissues and organs; therefore, the possibility of obtaining deposits with the desired structural properties is highly anticipated.

Evaluation of evidence value of car primer using pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) and chemometrics

The car paint system consisted of four different layers; namely cathodic electrodeposition (CED), primer, the basecoat, and clear coat. Each of these layers may offer valuable information in an analysis of car paint. However, the recovery of a small amount of car paint from a crime scene may not consist of all four layers. Thus, this study is conducted to evaluate the evidence value of car primer in the presence of basecoat and absence of clear coat. In this study, 80 car paint samples, consisting of eight different red basecoats and ten types of primers were analyzed using Py-GC-MS to evaluate the contribution of the primer layer in the analysis of car paint sample. The chromatographic dataset obtained was subjected to chemometric techniques namely principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA). 22 principal components were rendered from PCA with a total variance of 81.23%. CA’s three clusters are cluster 1 and 3 which was based on the shades of red basecoat while cluster 2 was based on the type of primer. This observation showed that the car primer might have a significant contribution to the analysis of car paint using Py-GC-MS. Keywords: Car primer, car paint analysis, Py-GC-MS, chemometric

Electrodeposition of ternary compounds for novel PV application and optimisation of electrodeposited CdMnTe thin-films

Growth of polycrystalline CdMnTe ternary compound thin films has been carried out using cathodic electrodeposition technique at different cathodic potentials. The range of the cathodic potentials used in this work has been chosen according to the cyclic voltammogram results. The CdMnTe thin films were electroplated from electrolyte containing CdSO4, TeO2 and MnSO4 in an acidic aqueous medium. Glass/fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates have been used to electrodeposit the semiconductor layers. The structural, compositional, morphological, optical and electrical properties of the CdMnTe thin films were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Sputtered neutral-mass spectroscopy (SNMS), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV–Vis spectroscopy and Photo-electro-chemical (PEC) cell measurements respectively. The primarily grown as-deposited (AD) layers went through two different post-growth surface treatment conditions- heat-treated in air in the presence of CdCl2 (CCT) and heat-treated in air in the presence of GaCl3 (GCT). Results from the XRD indicated the polycrystalline nature of the electrodeposited films. The electroplated films have cubic crystal structures and the preferred orientation was found to be along the (111) plane of CdMnTe. Inclusion of Mn has been qualitatively observed using SNMS measurement. The optical energy bandgaps of the thin films were found to be varying between ~ 1.90 and ~ 2.20 eV. Though all the layers after post-treatment showed p-type electrical conduction, both p and n-type conductivity were obtained at different cathodic potentials for as-deposited materials. Comparison of the deposited layers to other electrodeposited ternary compounds has also been discussed.