Implementation of Software Defined Networking using Openflow Protocol.

Software Defined Networking is a new rising technique that allows to separate the planes. This emerging technology provides agility and flexibility to a network. Agile means the administrator can automatically adjust the network traffic to meet the changing needs. Its main aim is to make the network devices by using softwareand controlling the networking devices using software. It is attained by using in Mininet software.The SDN is implemented using the OF Protocol in the ONF Software. It is done by using Open flow switch and mainly for accurate communication done by the open flow switch. Here it gives accurate connection and the information is transmitted in the form of packets and delivered correctly to the server or other user, etc., Open flow switch has two types where centralized switch is used here.

Optimization of the process of reproducing units of mass and volume of liquid in a stream, mass and volumetric flow rates of liquid for calibration units with weighing devices

The publication presents an experimental method for estimating the minimum time interval for filling a storage tank with a working fluid with a fixed geometry of the nozzle of the flow switch of the calibration plant when playing units of mass and volume of fluid in the flow, mass and volumetric flow rates of the fluid. Experimental studies were performed in a wide range of mass flow rate 11,10–83,26 kg/s (40–300 t/h) with repeated static weighing of the working fluid. The flow switch is made with a fixed geometry of the flow part of the nozzle exit, which is typical for a large number of calibration units in use in our country with weighing devices. The graphical dependences of the mass flow rate on the time of filling the storage capacity obtained from the research results are the basis for optimizing the process of reproducing units of mass and volume of liquid in the flow, mass and volumetric flow rates of the liquid for calibration plants with weighing devices. These graphical dependencies made it possible to formulate recommendations on the reasonable choice of the minimum interval for filling the storage tank with working fluid in the studied range of mass flow rate. Optimization has been tested and can be extended to calibration units with weighing devices from various manufacturers with individual design and operating parameters.

Ice-stream flow switching by up-ice propagation of instabilities along glacial marginal troughs

Ice-stream networks constitute the arteries of ice sheets through which large volumes of glacial ice are rapidly delivered from the continent to the ocean. Modifications in ice-stream networks have a major impact on ice sheet mass balance and global sea level. Reorganizations in the drainage network of ice streams have been reported in both modern and paleo-ice sheets and usually result in ice streams switching their trajectory and/or shutting down. While some hypotheses for the reorganization of ice streams have been proposed, the mechanisms that control the switching of ice streams remain poorly understood and documented. Here, we interpret a flow switch in an ice-stream system that occurred prior to the last glaciation on the northeastern Baffin Island shelf (Arctic Canada) through glacial erosion of a marginal trough, i.e., deep parallel-to-coast bedrock moats located up-ice of a cross-shelf trough. Shelf geomorphology imaged by high-resolution swath bathymetry and seismo-stratigraphic data in the area indicate the extension of ice streams from Scott and Hecla & Griper troughs towards the interior of the Laurentide Ice Sheet. Up-ice propagation of ice streams through a marginal trough is interpreted to have led to the piracy of the neighboring ice catchment that in turn induced an adjacent ice-stream flow switch and shutdown. These results suggest that competition for ice discharge between the two ice streams, which implies piracy of ice drainage basins via marginal troughs, was the driving mechanism behind ice flow switching. In turn, the enlargement of the ice catchment by piracy increased the volume and discharge of Scott Ice Stream, allowing it to erode deeper and flow farther on the continental shelf. Similar trough systems observed on many other glaciated continental shelves may be the product of such competition for ice discharge between catchments.

Effect of flow switch on two phase flow evenness based on granular magnesium

The aim of the work was to study, with the help of a laboratory setup, the influence of the existing design of the flow switch on the uniformity of movement of a two-phase flow, consisting of granular magnesium and compressed gas. On the basis of a typical layout of injection systems for the injection of granular magnesium at the pig iron desulphurization plants in the ladles, a laboratory installation has been created that allows the generation of a stable uniform flow of granular magnesium in a stream of compressed air. The stream was passed through a transparent full-scale model of a standard unit for switching the flow into three lances, while the angle of inclination of the device itself, the flow switch, changed. The process was recorded by video. The frame-by-frame analysis of the video image made it possible to study the effect of the existing design of the flow switch at different angles of inclination on the uniformity of the movement of the two-phase flow along the path of the injection system during ladle desulfurization of the molten iron with granular magnesium. The presented studies made it possible to establish the main causes and reveal the mechanism of the generation of pulsations in the cavity of the studied node of the flow switch. It is shown that the volume of the switch cavity contributes to the accumulation of magnesium in it and when tilting more than 22° to the horizon, spontaneous pouring of the accumulated magnesium in the cavity occurs, which is the main reason for the occurrence of pulsations. The recommendations developed on the basis of the research results and their implementation on the existing cast iron desulfurization unit in 100 ton buckets of the new steel plant of the Qingdao Steel Plant (Qingdao, PRC, 2016) made it possible to reduce roughness during processing and ensure stable reagent injection with a double intensity.

A Race for Ice Discharge between Ice Streams on Glaciated Continental Shelves

Ice stream networks constitute the arteries of ice sheets through which large volumes of glacial ice are rapidly delivered from the continent to the ocean. Modifications in ice stream networks have major impact on ice sheet mass balance and global sea level. However, the mechanisms controlling ice stream switching remain poorly understood. Here, we report a flow-switch in an ice stream system that occurred during the Pliocene-Pleistocene on the northeastern Baffin Island shelf (Arctic Canada) through glacial erosion of a marginal trough. We find that up-ice propagation of ice streams through marginal troughs can lead to the piracy of neighbouring ice-catchments, which in turn induce an adjacent ice stream flow-switch and shutdown. Similar trough systems observed on many other glaciated continental shelves may be the product of such a competition for ice discharge between catchments.

Using a Glidewire Cheater and Flow Switch to Temporarily Secure Purse-String Sutures

Following completion of an arteriovenous graft or fistula intervention, various methods exist by which an interventionalist may achieve hemostasis. Manual compression is the simplest technique but often requires an extended period of time. Many interventionalists will place purse-string sutures at the site of vascular access to achieve hemostasis, with the sutures left in place when the patient leaves the angiography suite. Consequently, these sutures may stay in for an extended period of time and even be present at follow-up interventions many months later or, worse, may get infected. The glidewire cheater and flow switch technique is a method by which hemostasis can be achieved, and it obviates the need for the sutures to be left in place after the patient leaves the angiography suite.