Consultation Urgency And Counseling As Islamic Legal Strategy In Legal Positivisation In Indonesia

<p>Islamic law in the context of fiqh positivization needs certain strategies. consultation and counseling can be a strategy in islamic law positivisation. various strategies and explanations provide a special pattern in islamic legal thinking in indonesia. this writing discusses consultation and counseling as an islamic legal strategy leading to legal positivity in indonesia. with an elaborative approach between normative law and empirical law this writing concludes that islamic law is one part of the raw materials of national law that can be managed pluralistically with other laws that grow in indonesia. the plurality of indonesian law which is an empirical constitution can bring with islamic law through professional consultation and consequences. The practical strategy is uniting perceptions which are the substance of islamic teachings related to the meaning of sharia and fiqh in the values of universality of humanity such as the substance of justice, honesty, equality of balance and liking. with the strategy such islamic law can be a solution for national law at the secondary of islamic laws can move to color the development of national law into positive law.</p>

Evaluation of the current status of the value-added pharmacy services and pharmacists’ attitude in Bulgaria

Value-added pharmacy services (VAPS) are additional services to the traditional pharmacy activities, which do not include dispensing of medicinal products and professional consultation. Over 51% of the community pharmacies in Bulgaria offer VAPS but mainly measuring of blood pressure (67.4%) and blood glucose (12.9%). About 60% of community pharmacists in the country are willing to perform other VAPS. About 70% of them believe that patients would rate VAPS as useful. Younger pharmacists with professional experience less than 5 years (90.9%) tend to believe that VAPS would be positively rated by their patients. The study shows that VAPS different from consultation and dispensing of medicinal products have a potential for development in the community pharmacies in Bulgaria.

CAREER SPECIALIST ACTIVITY IMPORTANCE IN THE CONSTANTLY CHANGING ACTIVITY WORLD CONTEXT

In European Union rational and purposeful human recourse use and their high professional preparation is regarded as a priority target of education and labour market policy. Professional guidance, career education and career planning services are important for education system and labour market and their close interrelationship. Career management as a lifelong lasting process in our contemporary society becomes very urgent due to many reasons. First, labour market demand change is becoming more rapid. People more often have to change the type of activity and organisation. Second, at this moment labour market needs new quality workers, not only able to acquire a certain level professional education, but also to adequately react to organisational, regional, national, global, social and economic environment dynamics, able to establish and implement strategies how to choose, master, coordinate work and other social roles with personal life values and ambitions. New requirements appear for human activity, a new career conception. Therefore, it is necessary to systematically provide career services to people, seeking to help them plan career and be successful professionals. Professional consultation service importance reflects in various European Commission and Lithuanian documents. In many documents it is emphasised that professional consultation services is the most important teaching and occupation policy element. Professional consultation has to play a crucial role encouraging learning availability, mobility, to raise learners’ motivation, to increase occupation and to decrease unemployment.

Satisfaction with Post-Acute-Care Rehabilitation Services Following Acquired Brain Injury: Family Perspectives

The study is aimed to better understand how post-acute-care services help persons with acquired brain injury (ABI) and their families following acute-care discharge. Participants included 21 primary family caregivers of persons with ABI. Participants reported their level of satisfaction with 14 different post-acute-care ABI services following discharge from an acute-care ABI facility in a large south-western city in the United States. Participants completed a survey following the discharge (on average 8.1 months) of their family member from acute-care services. Surveys included both quantitative and open-ended questions. The present study focused on participant satisfaction ratings and perceptions of helpfulness among the 14 different service areas. The average satisfaction rating across the 14 service areas was 73.4%. Professional consultation and assessment (81.8%) received the highest satisfaction rating, followed by therapy and intervention (77.9%), and peer support (51.9%). Open-ended question responses on the helpfulness of post-acute-care services focused on (a) therapy and intervention and (b) professional consultation and assessment. Study findings highlight the need to track the use of ABI services from the acute-phase through long-term community adjustment. Findings also underscore the importance of targeting interventions and services specific to the post-acute phase of ABI rehabilitation.

Gender-related patterns and determinants of recent help-seeking for past-year affective, anxiety and substance use disorders: findings from a national epidemiological survey

Aims.To examine: (1) gender-specific determinants of help-seeking for mental health, including health professional consultation and the use of non-clinical support services and self-management strategies (SS/SM) and; (2) gender differences among individuals with unmet perceived need for care.Method.Analyses focused on 689 males and 1075 females aged 16–85 years who met ICD-10 criteria for a past-year affective, anxiety or substance use disorder in an Australian community-representative survey. Two classifications of help-seeking for mental health in the previous year were created: (1) no health professional consultation or SS/SM, or health professional consultation, or SS/SM only, and; (2) no general practitioner (GP) or mental health professional consultation, or GP only consultation, or mental health professional consultation. Between- and within-gender help-seeking patterns were explored using multinomial logistic regression models. Characteristics of males and females with unmet perceived need for care were compared using chi-square tests.Results.Males with mental or substance use disorders had relatively lower odds than females of any health professional consultation (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.46), use of SS/SM only (AOR = 0.59), and GP only consultation (AOR = 0.29). Notably, males with severe disorders had substantially lower odds than females of any health professional consultation (AOR = 0.29) and GP only consultation (AOR = 0.14). Most correlates of help-seeking were need-related. Many applied to both genders (e.g., severity, disability, psychiatric comorbidity), although some were male-specific (e.g., past-year reaction to a traumatic event) or female-specific (e.g., past-year affective disorder). Certain enabling and predisposing factors increased the probability of health professional consultation for both genders (age 30+ years) or for males (unmarried, single parenthood, reliance on government pension). Males with unmet perceived need for care were more likely to have experienced a substance use disorder and to want medicine or tablets or social intervention, whereas their females peers were more likely to have experienced an anxiety disorder and to want counselling or talking therapy. For both genders, attitudinal/knowledge barriers to receiving the types of help wanted (e.g., not knowing where to get help) were more commonly reported than structural barriers (e.g., cost).Conclusions.Findings suggest a need to address barriers to help-seeking in males with severe disorders, and promote GP consultation. Exploring gender-specific attitudinal/knowledge barriers to receiving help, and the types of help wanted, may assist in designing interventions to increase consultation. Mental health promotion/education efforts could incorporate information about the content and benefits of evidence-based treatments and encourage males to participate in other potentially beneficial actions (e.g., physical activity).

e-ENERCA: Telemedicine Platform for Rare Anaemias

The creation of a telemedicine, tele-expertise platform opens a new challenge within the European Network for Rare and Congenital Anaemias (ENERCA; www.enerca.org). This is a cornerstone in the field of rare anaemias, in which national expertise is usually scarce and a significant number of patients remain undiagnosed. Experts in rare diseases are specially needed of shared knowledge platforms offering the possibility of a faster and more accurate diagnosis and the availability of a better patients’ follow-up. The platform developed by e- ENERCA will be user friendly and intuitive so it will be used by the majority of professionals without requiring a specific formation. The idea of inter professional consultation is to bring medical experts together for collaborative involvement in activities that maximize the benefits and improvement in patient care.