Characterizing the Profile of Recreational Fishers Who Share Their Catches on Social Media

Social media may provide information for monitoring recreational fisheries, but several caveats prevent operationalization. Specifically, the fraction and profile of recreational fishers sharing their catches is not known. Our aim was to advance the monitoring capacities of recreational fishing using social media data. We collected data with onsite (face-to-face) survey and online (emails) questionnaires to characterize marine recreational fishers sharing catches on digital platforms (“sharers”) along with other demographic or fishing information. In the online survey we found that 38% of recreational fishers share their catches using digital platforms (including the private messaging platform WhatsApp), but such proportion dropped to 12% when considering only public or semi-public social media (Instagram was the most commonly used platform, followed by Facebook, YouTube, and Twitter). A similar pattern was found with the online questionnaire where sharers represented 37% of recreational fishers (including WhatsApp), while such proportion dropped to 21% when considering only public or semi-public social media. In general, sharers were more avid (24 and 35 yearly fishing trips for onsite and online survey, respectively) compared to non-sharers (18 and 31 yearly fishing trips). Sharers also spent more money on each fishing trip (on average 26 and 31 euro for onsite and online survey, respectively) than non-sharers (on average 21 and 28 euro for onsite and online survey, respectively), but they had similar chances of catching something. However, for fishers with catches, the harvest per unit effort of sharers was higher than that of non-sharers (0.4 and 0.5 kg/h with respect to 0.3 and 0.4 kg/h, for onsite and online survey, respectively). Moreover, recreational fishers that caught trophy, iconic, or emblematic species were more inclined to share their catches. This study represents an important advancement for integrating social media data into the monitoring of recreational fishing.

The bottom gillnet catch composition in Sasak Ranah Pasisie coastal water, Pasaman Barat regency

This research aimed to determine the catch composition of the bottom gillnet at Sasak Ranah Pasisie coastal water, Pasaman Barat Regency, West Sumatera. The research was conducted from January to February 2019 with total of 15 fishing trip using the bottom gillnet. The gillnet used 100 m of length, 3 m of width, and 2 inches of mesh size. Each of fish sample was identified, counted, measured their length and weight, and determined the way of fish captured by gillnets. The result showed that fish catches composition using bottom gillnet consist of 26 species, i.e., 22 species of fish, two species of crabs, and two species of shrimps. The highest catch was Common ponyfish (Leiognathus sp.) as much as 23%. The other captured species were Silver grunt (Pomadasys sp.) 20,2%; Leaftail croaker (Otolithes sp.) 14,5%; Largehead hairtail (Trichiurus sp.) 6%; Moustached thryssa (Thryssa sp.) 5%; and Black pomfret (Parastromateus sp.) 5%. Based on the way of fish captured on the bottom gillnet, the predominantly fish were wedged as much as 39% from the total of fish catches, followed by gilled (30%), entangled (26%), and snagged (6%).

Fishing trip cost modeling using generalized linear model and machine learning methods – A case study with longline fisheries in the Pacific and an application in Regulatory Impact Analysis

Fishing trip cost is an important element in evaluating economic performance of fisheries, assessing economic effects from fisheries management alternatives, and serving as input for ecosystem and bioeconomic modeling. However, many fisheries have limited trip-level data due to low observer coverage. This article introduces a generalized linear model (GLM) utilizing machine learning (ML) techniques to develop a modeling approach to estimate the functional forms and predict the fishing trip costs of unsampled trips. GLM with Lasso regularization and ML cross-validation of model are done simultaneously for predictor selection and evaluation of the predictive power of a model. This modeling approach is applied to estimate the trip-level fishing costs using the empirical sampled trip costs and the associated trip-level fishing operational data and vessel characteristics in the Hawaii and American Samoa longline fisheries. Using this approach to build models is particularly important when there is no strong theoretical guideline on predictor selection. Also, the modeling approach addresses the issue of skewed trip cost data and provides predictive power measurement, compared with the previous modeling efforts in trip cost estimation for the Hawaii longline fishery. As a result, fishing trip costs for all trips in the fishery can be estimated. Lastly, this study applies the estimated trip cost model to conduct an empirical analysis to evaluate the impacts on trip costs due to spatial regulations in the Hawaii longline fishery. The results show that closing the Western and Central Pacific Ocean (WCPO) could induce an average 14% increase in fishing trip costs, while the trip cost impacts of the Eastern Pacific Ocean (EPO) closures could be lower.

PEMANFAATAN ALAT BANTU RUMPON ELEKTRONIK TERHADAP PENINGKATAN HASIL TANGKAPAN PADA ALAT TANGKAP GILL NET DI WILAYAH PESISIR KAB. BULUKUMBA

The purpose of this study was to determine the yield and type of catch, the comparison of the number of catches and the efforts to manage electronic FADs on Gill Net fishing gear. This research was conducted in Bulukumba waters from February to March 2017. Data collection was carried out by direct observation of fishermen in Bulukumba waters. The samples used in this study were FADs installed by fishermen in the waters of Bulukumba as many as 20 locations. Based on the research results, fish catches with electronic FADs ranged from 98 to 131 fish per fishing trip with a total catch of 2,324 fish. Meanwhile, the usual FAD catches ranged from 51 to 84 fish per fishing trip with a total catch of 1,313 fish and the highest type of fish was selar, followed by male mackerel, Selar bentong, white Kuwe, Layang, Barracuda, selangat and Mata goyang. The ratio between the catch and the use of electronic FADs was 64%, while the regular FADs were 36%. Considering that FADs are an effective tool in collecting fish, a sustainable management strategy is needed, including by (1) community based management, (2) limiting fishing efforts, (3) stopping the addition of shallow marine FADs. , (4) use of fishing gear with large mesh sizes and (5) prioritize the use of deep sea FADs.

MANAJEMEN RISIKO USAHA PENANGKAPAN IKAN LAUT DENGAN ALAT TANGKAP GILLNET DI PULAU BAAI, KOTA BENGKULU

Bisnis perikanan selalu dihadapkan dengan resiko ketidakpastian, termasuk upaya penangkapan ikan menggunakan alat tangkap Gilnett. Identifikasi sumber risiko, dampak dan strategi risiko penting, tidak hanya untuk bisnis tetapi juga bagi pemerintah untuk merancang intervensi yang tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengidentifikasi sumber risiko, (2) menganalisis probabilitas dan efek risiko, dan (3) menganalisis strategi manajemen risiko. Pemilik atau kapten kapal dari dua puluh tujuh unit kapal yang menggunakan alat tangkap Gilnett disensus dan diwawancarai dengan kuesioner. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi karakteristik responden, sumber risiko, dampak risiko, aspek operasional, harga dan pasar bisnis perikanan yang dilakukan. Analisis deskriptif dan analisis manajemen risiko diterapkan untuk menjawab tujuan penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sumber risiko yang terjadi paling besar adalah risiko operasional pada sumber risiko cuaca yang tidak dapat diprediksi, ketidakpastian hasil tangkapan, dan permodalan. Pada usaha penangkapan ikan laut di Kota Bengkulu, nilai probabilitas berdasarkan lama melaut dan nilai tangkapan ikan, yaitu sebesar 32,64% dan 48,40%. Nilai dampak risiko berdasarkan lama melaut dan nilai tangkapan sebesar Rp9.948.578,25 dan Rp548.793.316,42. Hasil studi menyimpulkan bahwa strategi yang dapat dilakukan dalam mengelola risiko, yang meliputi (a) pemanfaatkan informasi cuaca seoptimal mungkin, (b) membiasakan menabung ketika hasil melimpah, (c) perluasan fishing ground di luar daerah tangkapan tradisionalnya, (d) ketepatan area pengkapan (fishing ground), (e) perpanjangan lama melaut, dan (f) diversifikasi vertikal (hilirisasi) hasil tangkapan.Title: Risk Management of Fishing Activity Using Gillnet Fishing Gear in Baai Island, BengkuluFishery business is always faced with uncertainty risks, including fishery business using Gilnett fishing gear. The identification of sources of risk, impacts and risk strategies are important not only for businesses but also for the government to design appropriate interventions. This research aimed to (1) identify the sources of risks, (2) analyze the probabilities and risk effects, and (3) analyze the risk management strategies. The owner or captain of the twenty-seven vessel units who use the Gilnett fishing gear were censused and interviewed with a questionnaire. Data was collected includes the characteristics of the respondents, sources of risks, risk impacts, operational aspects, prices and markets of the business of fishing. Descriptive analysis and risk management analysis were applied to answer research objectives. The results of the study indicate that the greatest source of risk is an operational risk on sources of unpredictable weather risks, uncertainty about catches, and capital. Fishing activity in Bengkulu City, the probability value is based on the fishing trip period and the catch value is 32.64% and 48.40%. The value of the risk impact is based on the fishing trip period and the value of the catch is IDR 9,948,578.25 and IDR 548,793,316.42. The results of the study conclude that strategies that can be carried out in managing risks including (a) utilizing the most optimal weather information, (b) getting used to saving when the abundant results, (c) expanding fishing ground outside the traditional catchment area, (d) accuracy of the catching area (fishing ground), (e) prolongation of fishing day, and (f) vertical diversification (downstreaming) of catches.

Introduction

The shipping industry transported a total volume of 10.3 billion tons of cargo in 2017 (UNCTAD 2017) and is estimated to employ 1.5 million workers (http://www.ilo.org/global/standards/subjects-covered-by-international-labour-standards/seafarers/lang%2D%2Den/index.htm accessed 1/2/18) who are classed as seafarers. Such workers are employed on different vessel types in the cruise and cargo sectors. Sailors working for the military are not classed as seafarers. However, seafarers may be employed on board in a variety of roles which are not directly associated with marine navigation (as croupiers or entertainers on a cruise ship for example) but their ship should be engaged in a voyage which would differentiate them from taking a ‘fishing trip’ for example. Doumbia-Henry describes some of the provisions of ILO Convention No. 185 stating that:

First record of hybridization in Caranx Lacepède, 1801 (Carangidae: Perciformes) in the Tropical Eastern Pacific Ocean

During a recreational fishing trip on May 2017 to Isla Montuosa, Pacific coast of Panama (7.467472, -82.266556; 30 m depth), a specimen belonging to the genus Caranx was captured. The specimen showed an unusual combination of external characters, intermediate among the species known to occur in the Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP), which caught the attention of the fishermen. A detailed analysis involving traditional morphology and molecular techniques revealed that the specimen corresponds to a hybrid of the species C. melampygus and C. sexfasciatus. This represents, to the best of our knowledge, the first confirmed record of hybridization within the genus and family in the TEP and the second record for the entire Pacific Ocean.

Seabird bycatch in a sardine purse seine fishery

Limited understanding of seabird bycatch in purse seine fisheries has been highlighted as a key information gap in assessments of seabird bycatch in fisheries globally. This study documents the bycatch of breeding flesh-footed shearwaters (Ardenna carneipes) in a sardine purse seine fishery on the southern coast of Western Australia. Fishery-dependent bycatch records from 2009/2010 to 2017/2018 showed a strong peak in the mortality rate per fishing trip during March and April, closely associated with the final stage of chick rearing. Observers during those peak months in 2007, 2008, 2017, and 2018 recorded 171 mortalities during 222 trips at per trip rates (±95% confidence limits) ranging from 0.59 (0.25–1.17) in 2017 to 1.10 (0.56–1.96) in 2007. Zero mortalities were recorded on at least 70% of trips in any year, suggesting infrequent formation of net folds that can trap birds. Total annual mortalities estimated for 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 were 123 (52–251) and 172 (91–302), respectively. Although within a sustainable anthropogenic limit of 495 (369–660) estimated from conservative application of the potential biological removal method, the extent of other anthropogenic mortalities is unknown. Further research on the effect of distance of breeding colonies from fishing operations is required.

Reduksi Resiko dan Peningkatan Efisiensi Kerja Kelompok Nelayan Sampan Layar di Desa Alasrejo Kecamatan Wongsorejo Kabupaten Banyuwangi

Fishermen in the coastal area of Kebunrejo hamlet, Alasrejo village, Wongsorejo sub district, Banyuwangi district are traditional fishermen. The boat used is a small boat with a sail. Catching fish is carried out by fishing line which is stretched out with strings. Storage of catches using simple foam boxes. The use of sail has weather problems that cause the total fishing trip travel time to be ± 5 hours. The amount of travel time and a simple storage box causes the freshness of the fish to be not optimal and the selling value is relatively low. Community partnership program activities are carried out with the aim of increasing the income level of fishermen with the application of diesel engines with propellers. The partners are 4 (four) fishermen. Activities carried out by designing, manufacturing and using a 24 Hp diesel engine with 2 blades brass propeller as a replacement for the sail driving power. The results of the activity show that the partners get technical benefits including improvements to boat propulsion device, increased speed of movement of boats at sea, relatively low fuel needs and operating costs, and income opportunities from actors in sea fishing tourism.