The bottom gillnet catch composition in Sasak Ranah Pasisie coastal water, Pasaman Barat regency

This research aimed to determine the catch composition of the bottom gillnet at Sasak Ranah Pasisie coastal water, Pasaman Barat Regency, West Sumatera. The research was conducted from January to February 2019 with total of 15 fishing trip using the bottom gillnet. The gillnet used 100 m of length, 3 m of width, and 2 inches of mesh size. Each of fish sample was identified, counted, measured their length and weight, and determined the way of fish captured by gillnets. The result showed that fish catches composition using bottom gillnet consist of 26 species, i.e., 22 species of fish, two species of crabs, and two species of shrimps. The highest catch was Common ponyfish (Leiognathus sp.) as much as 23%. The other captured species were Silver grunt (Pomadasys sp.) 20,2%; Leaftail croaker (Otolithes sp.) 14,5%; Largehead hairtail (Trichiurus sp.) 6%; Moustached thryssa (Thryssa sp.) 5%; and Black pomfret (Parastromateus sp.) 5%. Based on the way of fish captured on the bottom gillnet, the predominantly fish were wedged as much as 39% from the total of fish catches, followed by gilled (30%), entangled (26%), and snagged (6%).

Evaluation of Microbes under Stored Condition at 4°C in Freshwater Fish Oreochromis mossambicus Collected from Local Fish Market Ukkadam, Coimbatore

The present study was carried out to determine the abundance of pathogenic microorganisms in the frozen fish sample (Oreochromis mossambicus) collected from Ukkadam local market, Coimbatore district. The sample was kept under 4°C frozen temperature for 7 days (frozen period). The serial diluted fish muscle samples (10-5) in nutrient agar medium after 24-36 hrs were quantified for microbial pathogens using microbial counting chamber. At the end of the experiment the selected fish muscle samples during the storage period was found to be contaminated with pathogenic bacteria ranging from 3.74×105 to 16.90×105 cfu/g. The total viable count of selected sample was gradually noted to be increased during the study period. Such quantity of pathogens in the selected experimental fish sample may claim a serious public health risk.

Occurrence of Protozoan Parasites of Channa Punctatus in Bangladesh

Three species of myxozoa (Henneguya chaudhuryi, Henneguya bengalensis and Myxobolus sp.) and 3 species of ciliophora (Trichodina pediculus, Epistylis lwoffi and Apisoma piscicolum) and two actinosporean stages of myxoza were identified. Some 51.72% of total host fishes which were found infected with at least one of the above mentioned parasites with average load of 95.93±41.53 per infected host. High percentage (98.05) of C. punctatus possessed myxozoan infection and 1.95 had chiliophoran infection. The highest prevalence of parasitic infection was observed in host sample collected from Faridpur district and lowest (33.33%) in fish sample collected from Mymensingh. The association of parasitic infection of H. bengalensis and Myxobolus sp. with study areas was found statistically significant (p=0.024 and 0.049, respectively). Protozoan parasites were most abundant in gills of hosts. Shannon Diversity Index indicated that host fishes were not infested by more parasites and the parasite community was poorly diverged in all study sites. However, Simpson’s Diversity showed that, parasites community was moderately diverged in host fishes collected from Mymensingh district and in rest of the areas parasite community was poorly diverged. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 46(1): 13-25, June 2020

Length-weight relationship, condition factor, and distribution of spotted barb (Barbodes binotatus Valenciennes, 1842) in Lake Tamblingan Bali

Tamblingan Lake is a volcanic lake located in the caldera of Mount Lesung a rain-fed lake in a confined endorheic basin and there is no inflow or outflow. Nyalian is a type of fish from the Cyprinidae family that is quite common compared to other fish in its class in Tamblingan Lake. Information on the growth and distribution of these fish parameters in Tamblingan Lake does not exist. This study aims to analyze and explain the growth patterns of Barbodes binotatus, especially the length-weight relationship, condition factor, and their distribution in the waters of Tamblingan Lake. The research was conducted in Tamblingan Lake from January to June 2019 using a modify gill nets with the mesh size 0.5; 1.0; 1.5; 2.0; 2.5; 3.0 in centimeter. The sampling done in five locations. The length-weight relationship analysis used the power regression. The fish sample found was 204 individuals during the study with a range of total length was 5.2 – 15.0 cm. The equation of length-weight relationship is W = 0.0051 L3.387. The value of b formed based on this equation is 3.387 with a positive allometric growth pattern.The condition factor values ranged from 0.587 to 1.246. Barbodes binotatus spread in the litoral area where there are many aquatic plants. This information of nyalian fish could use as the basis for fish resource management in Tamblingan Lake.

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the screening of dioxins in fish samples

Dioxins are environmental contaminants that are toxic to humans. The conventional analytical method for dioxins, gas chromatography - high resolution mass spectrometry, is extremely time-consuming and expensive. Research is needed to find alternative methods that will increase sample throughput while decreasing time and costs associated with dioxin detection. Dioxins readily accumulate in fish tissue and fish are a common food source for humans. Thus, the goal of this research was to develop a screening technique for dioxins in fish samples using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Three approaches, each with a different fish sample purification method but all using ELISA detection, were undertaken. This research concluded that the approach of Florisil cleanup followed by ELISA detection (Florisil-ELISA) was suitable as a screening technique. The other two approaches, one using gel permeation chromatography (GPC-ELISA) and the other using acid silica and carbon columns (acid silica/carbon-ELISA) for fish sample cleanup, were not suitable.

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the screening of dioxins in fish samples

Dioxins are environmental contaminants that are toxic to humans. The conventional analytical method for dioxins, gas chromatography - high resolution mass spectrometry, is extremely time-consuming and expensive. Research is needed to find alternative methods that will increase sample throughput while decreasing time and costs associated with dioxin detection. Dioxins readily accumulate in fish tissue and fish are a common food source for humans. Thus, the goal of this research was to develop a screening technique for dioxins in fish samples using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Three approaches, each with a different fish sample purification method but all using ELISA detection, were undertaken. This research concluded that the approach of Florisil cleanup followed by ELISA detection (Florisil-ELISA) was suitable as a screening technique. The other two approaches, one using gel permeation chromatography (GPC-ELISA) and the other using acid silica and carbon columns (acid silica/carbon-ELISA) for fish sample cleanup, were not suitable.

The Biological Aspects Comparison of Nila Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) on the Eutrophic and Oligotrophic Reservoir from Indonesia

Comparison of the length, weight and condition factor of Nila Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) was studied on oligotrophic waters (Wonorejo Reservoir) conducted from July to August 2018 and eutrophic waters (Selorejo Reservoir) on February to March 2019. All of the reservoir are in the East Java, Indonesia. The total sample from Wonorejo Reservoir about 79 fish from 3 times sampling (every two weeks), but the fish Sample from Selorejo Reservoir are 35 from 4 times sampling every week. The Nila Tilapia from Wonorejo Reservoir are 15.3 ± 2.5 cm (length) and 74.6 ± 38.6 grams (weight) but fish from Selorejo are 17.8 ± 2.2 cm average length and 114 ± 35 grams for the weight. The condition factor of Nila Tilapia in both reservoirs was relatively the same, with an average value was 1.01. The Nila Tilapia caught from Selorejo Reservoir (eutrophic) is relatively heavier and bigger than in the Wonorejo Reservoir (oligotrophic) even though the hook size is smaller. Fish from the Selorejo Reservoir (eutrophic) is easier to get food so that the average fish is larger.

Identification of Pathogenic Bacteria in Cyprinus carpio Reared in Floating Cages

Pathogenic bacteria is disease causing microorganisms that can attack fish and can cause mass death in cultured fish. The purpose of this study was to identify the types of pathogenic bacteria Cyprinus carpio that were reared in floating cages. This study used a survey method that is purposive sampling and the fish sample were obtained from, PLTA Koto Panjang. the fishes were identified in the Fish Parasite and Disease Laboratory, Fish and Marine Faculty, University of Riau. Fish samples used were 15-20 cm goldfish totaling 12 tails with 3 times taken from 4 different cages. The kidneys organ were examined and to find out the type the bacteria. Result shown identified of pathogenic bacteria consist of 3 types of bacteria namely Aeromonas sp., Pseudomonas sp., and Edwardsiella sp. Water quality during the study was Temperature: 27-300C, pH 6-7, DO 3.67-4.28 ppm, and ammonia 0.048-0.64 mg/L.

Preliminary Studies of Organochlorine Pesticides (OCPs) in Sediment, Water and Fish Samples from Ethiope River, Abraka Axis, Southern Nigeria

Selected persistent organochlorine pollutants, including DDT and its metabolites, hexachlorobenzene, dieldrin, Aldrin, heptachlor, HCH as well as some of their isomers were determined in water, sediment and fish samples from the Ethiope River in Southern Nigeria. Twenty organochlorine pesticides were detected in both seasons from October 2012 – September 2013. Results revealed ∑HCH to be 0.620µg/L (water), 33 ng/g (sediment) and 29.00 ng/g (fish) for the rainy season while concentrations of 0.170 µg/L (water), 14 ng/g (sediment) and 28.00 ng/g (fish) were obtained for the dry season. 0.05–0.15 ng/g for aldrin, 0.12–5.8 ng/g for dieldrin, 0.22–0.64 ng/g for endrin, 0.24–6.37 ng/g for endosulfan and 0.21–8.81 ng/g for ΣDDT (p, p` -DDD, p, p` -DDE, p, p` -DDT). Among the OCPs, ∑HCH, endosulfan and PDDT were the most dominant compounds in the river sediments. γ- HCH was the most frequent detected compound in all the samples from this river. Among the cyclodiene compounds, aldrin was in abundance in most of the sediments, water and fish samples. γ-HCH, γ-HCH and HCB contributed this highest value for the water, sediment and fish sample respectively in the rainy season while aldrin, endrin and HCB were the highest contributors to the ΣOCPs to the mean of water, sediment and fish respectively. Hazard quotient and bioaccumulation analysis carried out on the fish sample revealed that the fishes were heavily contaminated with values >1 for both seasons which possess a possibility for ecological concern.

Determination of Heavy Metals and Pesticides in Different Types of Fish Samples Collected from Four Different Locations of Aegean and Marmara Sea

Heavy metals and pollutants cause serious damage to the ecological environment and accumulate in marine species in the seas. These pollutants and heavy metals accumulating in living species are a serious source of danger for human health. For this purpose, in this study, heavy metal (lead, mercury, copper, zinc, arsenic, cadmium, silver, manganese, and nickel) and pesticide (p-p′-DDE, α-BHC, endosulfan, endosulfan sulfate, endrin, aldrin, heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, methoxychlor, p-p′-DDD, p-p′-DDT, β-BHC, cypermethrin, and dieldrin) analyses of four different fish species (Pomatomus saltatrix, Dicentrarchus labrax, Mugil cephalus, and Sparus aurata) collected from the Aegean and Marmara seas were carried out by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy and using an inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer. We observed serious and remarkable arsenic, lead, and cadmium concentrations in the muscle meat of fish sample. p-p′-DDE and endosulfan were determined in every fish sample of each region. Heptachlor concentration was determined as 0.0598 μg/g in Dicentrarchus labrax sample from Marmara Sea, which is nearly nine thousand times more than the maximum allowable concentration of environmental quality standards biota of heptachlor listed in 2013/39/EU. The results show an indication of the significant health risks associated with the consumption of these contaminated fish in the Aegean and Marmara seas. In the Turkish food codex and in the 2013/39/EU directive, some heavy metals that do not have the maximum allowable concentration limits should be urgently indicated.