The Role of Formic Acid as Secondary Dopant and Solvent for Poly(O-Toluidine) Intrinsically Doped with Camphor Sulfonic Acid

The role of formic acid as Secondary Dopant for Poly (O-toluidine) Intrinsically Doped with Camphor Sulfonic-Acid (POT-CSA) nanoparticles were prepared by chemical polymerization had been studied. Spin coating and casting method have been used to deposit good adhesion and uniform thin films of (POT-CSA) on a glass substrates at room temperature. the properties of (POT-CSA) nanoparticles which examined by FTIR, SEM, AFM, XRD, I-V characteristics and UV-VIS. FTIR studies show the several bending and stretching modes of POT. XRD examination demonstrated that NPS. has a semi-crystalline pattern . The synthesized film well covered by the nanoparticles over the entire substrate surface, exhibits uniform, porous, and spherical granular surface morphology, A narrow size distribution is observed and the average size of particles about 80 nm. The band gap (Eg) has been determined which is equal to 3.1 ev. The room temperature conductivity of POT-CSA was 3 * 10-1 S.cm-1,which increases with increasing temperature. Electrical conductivity enhances up to three order after the secondary doping process. Keywords: POT-Chemical polymerization-Conducting polymer-SEM-AFM

Comparative Study of Synthesis of Polypyrrole Using Chemical Polymerization Technique and Plasmapolymerization

Polypyrrole (PPy) was synthesized using the Chemical polymerization technique using Ammonium per sulphate (APS), as an oxidant and Plasma Polymerization technique. The polypyrrole synthesized by the chemical oxidation method was in black amorphous powder form. In Plasma polymerization, thin films were created on a glass plate. Structural and morphological properties of the polymer were studied by FTIR, SEM and. X-ray diffraction. The electrical conductivity of chemically prepared PPy was measured by two probe method and was found to be in the range of 10−3 to 10−2 S/cm for chemical oxidative method, while that of Plasma polymerization it was around 10−3 S/cm. Other characterization also shows that Chemical polymerization has an edge over plasma polymerization, but plasma polymerization is more impurity-free than chemical polymerization.

Influence of Needle-punching Parameters for the Preparation of Polypyrrole-coated Non-woven Composites for Heat Generation

This work deals with the preparation and characterization of electrically conductive needle-punched non-wo¬ven composites for heat generation. Electro-conductive non-woven composites were prepared through the in situ chemical polymerization of pyrrole with FeCl3 (oxidant) and p-toluene sulfonic acid (dopant). A two-stage double-bath process was adopted for the in situ chemical polymerization of pyrrole. The effect of parameters such as fibre fineness, needle-punching density and depth of needle punching on a polypyrrole add-on, and surface resistivity were studied by employing the Box-Behnken response surface design. It was observed that fibre fineness was the most influential parameter of the polypyrrole add-on. The lowest surface resistivity of the polypyrrole coated sample (200 g/m2, prepared with a punch density of 200 punch/cm2, a punching depth of 6 mm and fibre fineness of 2.78 dtex) was found to be 9.32 kΩ/ with a polypyrrole add-on of 47.93%. This non-woven composite demonstrated good electrical conductivity and exhibited Joule’s effect of heat gener¬ation. Due to the application of a 30 V DC power supply, the surface temperature of the non-woven composite rose to 55 °C from a room temperature of 37 °C. Optical and electron microscopy images of the non-woven composites showed that PPy molecules formed a uniform coating on the non-woven surface. FTIR studies evi¬denced the coating of PPy on a polyester surface. These coated non-woven composites were highly electrically conductive and practically useful for the fabrication of heating pads for therapeutic use.

Synthesis and characterization of nanocomposites based on aniline and pyrrole in montmorillonite

In this study, nanostructured composites based on montmorillonite (MMT), polypyrrole and aniline (poly(pyrrole-co-aniline)/MMT) were prepared via in-situ chemical polymerization of aniline and pyrrole in the presence of montmorillonite and ammonium persulfate as oxidants. Pyrrole and aniline were introduced to MMT-H+ and polymerized within the interlayer to obtain polypyrrole/MMT-H+,polyaniline/MMT-H+ and poly(aniline-co-pyrrole)/MMT-H+ nanocomposites.The nanocomposite copolymer and homopolymer compositions were also characterized by Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR) spectroscopy, UV–Vis spectroscopy, X-raydiffraction and electrochemical response,the results show that what we obtain is really a nanocomposite.

Electrochromic properties of pyrene conductive polymers modified by chemical polymerization

Pyrene is composed of four benzene rings and has a unique planar melting ring structure.

Physico-chemical factors conditioning the electronic conduction of conductive polymers

The driving idea and the main objective of this synthetic work is the study of physicochemical factors such as the dielectric constant of the solvent, the polarizability of the chains and the Gap energy of the conductive polymers, these characteristics condition their properties. electrical and electrochemical. We focused our study on polyaniline, two synthetic methods are presented: chemical polymerization and electropolymerization with emphasis on the theoretical aspects of the phenomena involved as well as on the electrochemical methods used such as cyclic voltammetry. We have therefore developed with maximum clarity the links existing between the physico-chemical properties of polyaniline and its electrical conductivity.