The Effectiveness of the Use of Enzymatic Hydrolyzate with Amino Acids, Vitamins and Minerals to Highly Productive Cows in the Transition Period

В условиях научно-производственного опыта исследована эффективность введения кормовой добавки «Абиотоник» в рацион высокопродуктивных голштинизированных симментальских коров (в транзитный период и на раздое). «Абиотоник» представляет собой усовершенствованный аналог известного импортного препарата «Чиктоник», отличаясь от иностранного аналога многократно увеличенной концентрацией пептона и наличием высокодефицитных микроэлементов (селена и элементоорганического соединения йода). Наши исследования показали, что скармливание препарата «Абиотоник» в дозе 150 мл/гол. способствовало росту продуктивности коров на 5,84%, улучшило физико-химические свойства молока и повысило его пищевую ценность. Применение кормовой добавки способствовало также профилактике желудочно-кишечных заболеваний у коров, повышению их резистентности, о чём свидетельствовали показатели крови и бактериологического исследования кала. Заболеваемость коров в опытной группе не наблюдалась. Использование препарата «Абиотоник» коровам в заключительной стадии сухостойного периода и в начале лактации привело к сокращению времени отделения плаценты у коров после отёла на 6,54%, или на 0,4 часа, повышению живой массы новорождённого молодняка на 1,6% и сокращению сервис-периода у опытных коров на 8 дней по сравнению с контрольными. Использование кормовой добавки «Абиотоник» способствовало получению дополнительного дохода от реализации молока в размере 1152 руб./гол. Полученные экспериментальные данные позволяют рекомендовать использование отечественной импортозамещающей кормовой добавки «Абиотоник» в рационах коров транзитного периода и на раздое в дозе 150 мл/гол. ежедневно в последней фазе сухостоя и через день в течение 40 суток после отёла. Under the conditions of scientific and farm scale trial the efficiency of introduction of the feed additive "Abiotonic" into the diet of highly productive Holsteinized Simmental cows (during the transition period and for days in milk) was studied. "Abiotonic" is an improved analogue of the known imported preparation "Chiktonik" differing from the foreign analogue by its manifoldly increased peptone concentration and the presence of highly deficient microelements (selenium and organo-element compounds of iodine). Our researches have shown that feeding the preparation "Abiotonic" at a dose of 150 ml / head contributed to an increase in cow productivity by 5.84%, improved the physicochemical properties of milk and increased its nutritional value. The use of a feed additive also contributed to the prevention of gastrointestinal diseases in cows, an increase in their resistance as evidenced by haematological parameters and bacteriological feces analysis. The incidence of cows in the experimental group was not observed. The use of the preparation "Abiotonic" for cows in the final stage of the dry period and at the beginning of lactation reduced the time for separation of the placenta in cows after calving by 6.54% or 0.4 hours, increased the live weight of newborn young stock by 1.6% and reduced the service period of experienced cows by 8 days compared with the control ones. The use of the "Abiotonic" feed additive contributed to the receipt of additional income from the sale of milk in the amount of 1152 rubles / head. The obtained experimental data allow us to recommend the use of domestic import-substituting feed additive "Abiotonic" in the diets of cows in the transition period and for days in milk at a dose of 150 ml / head daily in the last phase of dry period and every other day for 40 days after calving.

Genomic Sequence of the Strain Enterococcus faecium ICIS 18

We report here the draft genome sequence of Enterococcus faecium strain ICIS 18, which was isolated from human feces. Analysis of the E. faecium ICIS 18 genome revealed genes encoding resistance to metals, fluoroquinolones, and beta-lactam antibiotics.

Preanalytical challenges – time for solutions

The European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (EFLM) Working Group for the Preanalytical Phase (WG-PRE) was originally established in 2013, with the main aims of (i) promoting the importance of quality in the preanalytical phase of the testing process, (ii) establishing best practices and providing guidance for critical activities in the preanalytical phase, (iii) developing and disseminating European surveys for exploring practices concerning preanalytical issues, (iv) organizing meetings, workshops, webinars or specific training courses on preanalytical issues. As education is a core activity of the WG-PRE, a series of European conferences have been organized every second year across Europe. This collective article summarizes the leading concepts expressed during the lectures of the fifth EFLM Preanalytical Conference “Preanalytical Challenges – Time for solutions”, held in Zagreb, 22–23 March, 2019. The topics covered include sample stability, preanalytical challenges in hematology testing, feces analysis, bio-banking, liquid profiling, mass spectrometry, next generation sequencing, laboratory automation, the importance of knowing and measuring the exact sampling time, technology aids in managing inappropriate utilization of laboratory resources, management of hemolyzed samples and preanalytical quality indicators.

Molecular Identification of Enteroviruses from Cattle and Goat Feces and Environment in Thailand

ABSTRACTThe identification and characterization of viruses of the genusEnterovirusin healthy and infected livestock, including cattle and goats, have been increasing.Enterovirus E(EV-E) andEnterovirus F(EV-F) are commonly found in cattle, whereasEnterovirus G(EV-G) is found in goats. In this study, molecular and phylogenetic analyses were performed to determine the prevalence of EVs in cattle and goat feces from Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand. The presence of EVs in water samples and the feces of other animals collected from the areas surrounding cattle and goat farms was also investigated. By use of 5′-untranslated region (5′ UTR) real-time reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR), EVs were detected in 39.5% of cattle samples, 47% of goat samples, 35.3% of water samples, and one pool of chicken feces. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the presence of EV-E and EV-F in cattle, EV-E and EV-G in goats, and EV-F in water samples and chicken feces. Analysis of enteroviral VP1 sequences from cattle revealed that the EV-E genotypes circulating in the study region were EV-E1, with a possible new genotype that is closely related to EV-E2. Analysis of enteroviral VP1 sequences from goats suggested the circulation of EV-G5 and a possible new genotype that is closely related to EV-G20. Sequence analyses also suggested that although the VP1 sequences from goats were closely related to those of EV-G, which were considered porcine enterovirus sequences, their 5′ UTRs form a separated cluster with sequences of sheep and goat origin, suggesting a new classification of the ovine/caprine-specific enterovirus group.IMPORTANCEPossible new EV-E and EV-G genotypes were identified for EVs detected in this study. The EV-E viruses were also successfully isolated from MDBK cells. The goat EV sequence analysis suggested the presence of an ovine/caprine-specific EV group that is different from EV-G of porcine origin. The significance of our research is that it identifies and characterizes possible novel EVs, thereby indicating that enteroviruses in animals are continually evolving. The facts that enteroviruses can persist in the environment, contaminate it for long periods, and be transmitted between animals raise serious concerns regarding this group of viruses as emerging livestock pathogens.

New aspects of the mechanisms of development and treatment of irritable bowel syndrome

In 121 children with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) a complex evaluation of the values of volum threshold sensitivity (VTS) of the rectum, intestinal microbiota according to the findings of feces analysis and lactulose hydrogen test, and also of the activation of inflammation according to endoscopy, histology, stool calprotectin testing and proinflammatory cytokines in the colonic mucosa was performed. The estimation of these parameters before and after treatment with probiotics, trimebutin, combination therapy of pro-and prebiotics, combination therapy trimebutin and probiotics for 1 month. The control group were children receiving placebo. In all patients with IBS enhanced VTS was noted. Signs of inflammation were detected according to the findings of endoscopy in 66.9 %, of histology – in 97.5 %, enhanced levels of calprotectin were found in 27.3 %, enhanced levels of IL-8 — 45 at %, INF-γ — 90 %. In all patients with IBS have disbiotic disorders of the colon, sings of bacterial overgrowth syndrome were detected in 85.1 % of children. Probiotics effective in reducing the VTS, improving of clinical data,microbiological indices, and coping with of inflammatory disorders in the intestines. Are the most effective of treatment with both trimebutin and probiotics, or probiotics and prebiotic lasting at least one month.

Seasonal variation of consumption of the species used as fruit source by brown howler monkeys (Alouatta clamitans) in southern Brazil

Considering the seasonal variation of fruits availability in seasonal semideciduous forests, this study analyzed whether the richness of fruit species exploited by Alouatta clamitans is higher in the rainy period rather than the dry one. Plant species consumed were investigated by visualization and feces analysis, from July 2005 to June 2006, in a seasonal semideciduous forest fragment in Paraná state, Brazil. Ten species of fruits were consumed during the rainy period and 13 during the dry period: three were consumed exclusively during the rainy period; six exclusively during the dry period; and seven in months that covered both dry and rainy periods. The number of fruit species consumed during the rainy period was considerably lower than the expected richness. Moreover, among fruit species consumed during the rainy period, only four bear fruits mainly in this period of the year, the other species bear fruits in great part of it. Therefore, the selectivity of A. clamitans was mainly directed to species capable of providing fruits along the year, prioritizing these species even when other fruit sources are available.

Analysis of chromic oxide in small samples of feeds and feces using chlorine bleach

Chromic oxide concentration was determined spectrophotometrically (440 nm) on 10 to 100-mg samples of feeds and feces following a procedure involving oxidation with chlorine bleach. Average coefficients of variation and internal recoveries of added chromic oxide were < 2% and > 96%, respectively. The procedure is simpler and safer than other procedures based on strong oxidizing acids. Key words: Chromic oxide, feed, feces, analysis