Electrophoretic Determination of Trimethylamine (TMA) in Biological Samples as a Novel Potential Biomarker of Cardiovascular Diseases Methodological Approach

In competitive athletes, the differential diagnosis between nonpathological changes in cardiac morphology associated with training (commonly referred to as “athlete’s heart”) and certain cardiac diseases with the potential for sudden death is an important and not uncommon clinical problem. The use of noninvasive, fast, and cheap analytical techniques can help in making diagnostic differentiation and planning subsequent clinical strategies. Recent studies have demonstrated the role of gut microbiota and their metabolites in the onset and the development of cardiovascular diseases. Trimethylamine (TMA), a gut bacteria metabolite consisting of carnitine and choline, has recently emerged as a potentially toxic molecule to the circulatory system. The present work aims to develop a simple and cost-effective capillary electrophoresis-based method for the determination of TMA in biological samples. Analytical characteristics of the proposed method were evaluated through the study of its linearity (R2 > 0.9950) and the limit of detection and quantification (LOD = 1.2 µg/mL; LOQ = 3.6 µg/mL). The method shows great potential in high-throughput screening applications for TMA analysis in biological samples as a novel potential biomarker of cardiovascular diseases. The proposed electrophoretic method for the determination of TMA in biological samples from patients with cardiac disease is now in progress.

Electrophoretic method for the study of blood serum proteins in the diagnosis of latent active rheumatism

In case of rheumatic heart defects with circulatory disorders in the inactive period, according to the literature, there is a slight increase in P - and y-globulins, a2-globulins and fibrinogen remain within normal limits.

Effect of Haemoglobin Variants on Glycemic Indices

Haemoglobin genotypes have been known to be linked with groups of diseases such as diabetes. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of haemoglobin variants on glycemic indices (fasting blood glucose and glycated haemoglobin) in subjects in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. A total of 150subjects were enrolled for the study with AA group = 99 subjects and AS group = 51 subjects. 4mls of blood was collected into EDTA bottle for each subject and was assayed for Hb electrophoresis and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C) using electrophoretic method and automated CLOVER A1c Analyser respectively. 2mls was collected into fluoride oxalate bottle for spectrophotometric analysis of fasting blood glucose (FBG). Results revealed that there were no significant differences in the FBG and HbA1C mean levels of the two studied groups (AA and AS). This study has shown that AA and AS blood genotypes may not have any impact on FBG and HbA1C glycemic parameters.

Development of a Capillary Electrophoretic Method for the Determination of Huperzine A Concentration in Vietnamese Huperzia serrata

Huperzine A, isolated from Huperzia serrata, is a potent, specific, and reversible inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase with high efficiency and low toxicity. To evaluate the presence of huperzine A in Vietnamese H serrata, a reliable capillary zone electrophoresis method was developed. The analytical conditions were established using 80 mM ammonium acetate buffer, pH 6.0, hydrodynamic injection at 50 mbar for 5 s, applied voltage of 20 kV, temperature at 25 °C, uncoated fused-silica capillary, 56 cm (50 cm effective length) × 70 µm inner diameter, and ultraviolet detection at 310 nm. The recovery rates ranged from 98.05% to 100.64%, with a relative standard deviation <2%. Good linear regression was observed in the concentration range of 1 to 500 µg/mL, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9994. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were 0.33 and 1.0 µg/mL, respectively. These results demonstrate that this method is simple, selective, and suitable for performing quality control for huperzine A derived from Vietnamese H serrata.

The Chemical and Biological Properties of Nanohydroxyapatite Coatings with Antibacterial Nanometals, Obtained in the Electrophoretic Process on the Ti13Zr13Nb Alloy

The risk of an early inflammation after implantation surgery of titanium implants has caused the development of different antimicrobial measures. The present research is aimed at characterizing the effects of nanosilver and nanocopper dispersed in the nanohydroxyapatite coatings, deposited on the Ti13Zr13Nb alloy, and on the chemical and biological properties of the coatings. The one-stage deposition process was performed by the electrophoretic method at different contents of nanomaterials in suspension. The surface topography of the coatings was examined with scanning electron microscopy. The wettability was expressed as the water contact angle. The corrosion behavior was characterized by the potentiodynamic technique. The release rate of copper and silver into the simulated body fluid was investigated by atomic absorption spectrometry. The antibacterial efficiency was evaluated as the survivability and adhesion of the bacteria and the growth of the biofilm. The cytotoxicity was assessed for osteoblasts. The results demonstrate that silver and copper increase the corrosion resistance and hydrophilicity. Both elements together effectively kill bacteria and inhibit biofilm growth but appear to be toxic for osteoblasts. The obtained results show that the nanohydroxyapatite coatings doped with nanosilver and nanocopper in a one-stage electrophoretic process can be valuable for antibacterial coatings.

Method for Determining the Radiochemical Purity of Radiopharmaceuticals Based on Iodine-125, Iodine-131 and Samarium-153-oxabifor

iopharmaceuticals used in medicine for diagnostics, treatment, and anesthesia in various diseases. Radionuclide 125I was obtained by irradiation with neutrons of the enriched isotope 124Хе in a nuclear reactor. 131I was isolated from irradiated samples of TeO2 enriched in 130Те, and radionuclide 153Sm was obtained by irradiation of samples 152Sm2O3 in a nuclear reactor. The radiochemical purity of sodium iodide preparations labeled with 125I or 131I radionuclides was determined by the electrophoretic method, and the samarium-153-oxabifor preparation was determined by ascending paper chromatography. To determine the distribution of the activity of 125I, 131I, and 153Sm-oxabiphor by electrophoregrams and chromatograms, a γ-radiometric device Ludlum-2200 was used, which makes it possible to determine the radiochemical purity at the level of 99.9%.