A Poetics of Reciprocity: Elizabeth Barrett Browning's Ballads and Sonnets

<p>This thesis considers the way in which a selection of the poetry of Elizabeth Barrett Browning (henceforth to be referred to as EBB) exhibits what I will refer to as a poetics of reciprocity. My focus is on EBB’s ballads of the 1830s and 40s, her amatory sonnet sequence Sonnets from the Portuguese, and those ballads found in Last Poems. Lyric poetry is, traditionally, said to be defined by a monologic lyric speaker. Mikhail Bakhtin, for instance, pronounced that the mono-stylistic and cohesive nature of poetic language distinguished it from novelistic prose. However, it was, in part, Bakhtin’s insistence that poetry was by definition monologic that triggered my dialogic investigation of EBB’s poetry. Despite the range of work, both formal and temporal, that I consider in these three chapters, the discussion is nevertheless united by a consideration of EBB’s fascination with language, and her concomitant departure from the conventions of the monologic lyric speaker. In her early ballads, I explore EBB’s presentation of unreliable speakers and protagonists. These figures prove elusive to read because of their use of duplicitous or untrustworthy language, or they falter in the act of interpretation themselves. In EBB’s Sonnets from the Portuguese, I consider the way in which the poet opts for the language of conversation to evoke, in a fresh and powerful manner, the love between her speaker and her beloved. I suggest that this strategy, in part, compensated for the way in which clichéd literary language used to describe the experience of loving had been drained of vigour. Finally, in Last Poems I consider EBB’s presentation of speech as a social act that is influenced by the speaker’s status in society. In these late ballads, women’s attempts to wield language in an effective way are demonstrated to be dependent upon various conditions that reduce or enhance the potency of their speech acts. While Bakhtin’s essay “Discourse in the Novel,” in addition to the work of critics such as E. Warwick Slinn and Marjorie Stone, has been vital to the formulation of my thesis, I have, largely, relied upon a formalist approach to EBB’s poetry. In my close readings I examine EBB’s interrogation of language in her ballads and sonnets in light of her conscientious use, in particular, of metre and rhyme.</p>

Organisational Identity and Alcohol Use in Knowledge-Intensive Workplaces

<p>The use of alcohol is an integral social act in many cultures and societies. The reasons for its use, as well as its mental and physical effects on people, have been a topic of academic interest for decades. This thesis examines the relationship between the work lives of individuals and their use of alcohol. At a more specific level, the thesis examines the relationship between alcohol use and the concept of organisational identity. Using data collected from interviews with members of a knowledge-intensive workplace, findings are presented that illustrate how alcohol use can be understood as an important part of processes of organisational identification, and how workers' alcohol use can be affected by an organisation's identity itself. The theoretical implications of these findings are numerous. Firstly, these findings suggest that organisational concepts, such as organisational identity, can be exceptionally useful in gaining an understanding of the reasons why individuals use alcohol in the ways that they do. In addition, the findings suggest that knowledge-intensive workplaces represent a valuable site for further advancing understandings of the work-alcohol relationship. Finally, it is argued that alcohol use in many situations should be understood as a part of individuals' organisational life, and not just a product or outcome of their participation in an organisation.</p>

A Poetics of Reciprocity: Elizabeth Barrett Browning's Ballads and Sonnets

<p>This thesis considers the way in which a selection of the poetry of Elizabeth Barrett Browning (henceforth to be referred to as EBB) exhibits what I will refer to as a poetics of reciprocity. My focus is on EBB’s ballads of the 1830s and 40s, her amatory sonnet sequence Sonnets from the Portuguese, and those ballads found in Last Poems. Lyric poetry is, traditionally, said to be defined by a monologic lyric speaker. Mikhail Bakhtin, for instance, pronounced that the mono-stylistic and cohesive nature of poetic language distinguished it from novelistic prose. However, it was, in part, Bakhtin’s insistence that poetry was by definition monologic that triggered my dialogic investigation of EBB’s poetry. Despite the range of work, both formal and temporal, that I consider in these three chapters, the discussion is nevertheless united by a consideration of EBB’s fascination with language, and her concomitant departure from the conventions of the monologic lyric speaker. In her early ballads, I explore EBB’s presentation of unreliable speakers and protagonists. These figures prove elusive to read because of their use of duplicitous or untrustworthy language, or they falter in the act of interpretation themselves. In EBB’s Sonnets from the Portuguese, I consider the way in which the poet opts for the language of conversation to evoke, in a fresh and powerful manner, the love between her speaker and her beloved. I suggest that this strategy, in part, compensated for the way in which clichéd literary language used to describe the experience of loving had been drained of vigour. Finally, in Last Poems I consider EBB’s presentation of speech as a social act that is influenced by the speaker’s status in society. In these late ballads, women’s attempts to wield language in an effective way are demonstrated to be dependent upon various conditions that reduce or enhance the potency of their speech acts. While Bakhtin’s essay “Discourse in the Novel,” in addition to the work of critics such as E. Warwick Slinn and Marjorie Stone, has been vital to the formulation of my thesis, I have, largely, relied upon a formalist approach to EBB’s poetry. In my close readings I examine EBB’s interrogation of language in her ballads and sonnets in light of her conscientious use, in particular, of metre and rhyme.</p>

Organisational Identity and Alcohol Use in Knowledge-Intensive Workplaces

<p>The use of alcohol is an integral social act in many cultures and societies. The reasons for its use, as well as its mental and physical effects on people, have been a topic of academic interest for decades. This thesis examines the relationship between the work lives of individuals and their use of alcohol. At a more specific level, the thesis examines the relationship between alcohol use and the concept of organisational identity. Using data collected from interviews with members of a knowledge-intensive workplace, findings are presented that illustrate how alcohol use can be understood as an important part of processes of organisational identification, and how workers' alcohol use can be affected by an organisation's identity itself. The theoretical implications of these findings are numerous. Firstly, these findings suggest that organisational concepts, such as organisational identity, can be exceptionally useful in gaining an understanding of the reasons why individuals use alcohol in the ways that they do. In addition, the findings suggest that knowledge-intensive workplaces represent a valuable site for further advancing understandings of the work-alcohol relationship. Finally, it is argued that alcohol use in many situations should be understood as a part of individuals' organisational life, and not just a product or outcome of their participation in an organisation.</p>

A argumentação como prática discursiva: por uma abordagem lato sensu no ensino básico

Este artigo visa a refletir sobre a abordagem da argumentação no ensino básico, focando livros didáticos voltados ensinos Fundamental e Médio. Sem desconsiderar a importância da argumentação stricto sensu como conteúdo de ensino da disciplina de Língua Portuguesa, este texto argumenta sobre a necessidade de garantir a noção lato sensu de argumentação como tópico curricular básico dessa disciplina. Essa proposta fundamenta-se na teoria ducrotiana da argumentatividade inscrita na língua e considera que a interação pela linguagem constitui um ato social que é, em essência, argumentativo, o que significa compreender a argumentação como prática social e discursiva intrínseca ao uso da língua, portanto, não restrita a contextos específicos de interação.Palavras-chave: Argumentação. Língua Portuguesa. Ensino Básico.Argumentation as discursive practice: for a lato sensu approach in basic education ABSTRACT This article aims to present some reflections on teaching argumentation in basic education, considering the treatment of this theme in Elementary and Secondary textbooks. Despite the importance of argumentation in stricto sensu as content in Portuguese Language teaching, this text argues that the argumentation in lato sensu must figure as a basic curricular topic of this discipline. This proposal is based on the Theory of Argumentation within Language and considering that the interaction by language constitutes a social act that is essentially argumentative, which means to comprehend argumentation as social and discursive practice intrinsic to the language uses, not restricted to specific interaction contexts.Keywords: Argumentation. Portuguese Language subject. Basic Education.Argumentación como práctica discursiva: para un enfoque lato sensu en educación básicaRESUMENEl propósito de este artículo es presentar algunas reflexiones sobre la enseñanza de la argumentación en la educación básica, centrando-se en libros de texto de la escuela primaria y secundaria. A pesar de la importancia de la argumentación en stricto sensu como contenido en la enseñanza de la lengua portuguesa, este texto argumenta que la argumentación en lato sensu debe figurar como un tema curricular básico de esta disciplina. Esta propuesta se basa en la teoría de la argumentación dentro del lenguaje y considera que la interacción por el lenguaje constituye un acto social esencialmente argumentativo, lo que significa comprender la argumentación como práctica social y discursiva intrínseca a los usos del lenguaje, no restringida a contextos de interacción específicos.Palabras clave: Argumentación. Lengua portuguesa. Educación Básica.

Institutional Erosion of Science and Education: Postmodern Grimaces

The article is a reaction to the article written by P.A. Orekhovsky and V.I. Razumov ‘Carnival Time: Russian Higher School and Science in the Postmodern Era’. The author agrees with the analytical diagnosis of the state and situation in the Russian science and higher education, shares the concern expressed by colleagues about the fate of the most important social institutions for our civilization. The author proposes a number of considerations that develop the topics raised in the reference article. The author draws attention to the historical inversion of the positivist social project, which appears to be at the forefront of the emerging social architecture of a new scientific-technocratic elite; another thing is that its social configuration does not coincide with institutional boundaries of academic and University science. The author speculates upon the analogy of science with prostitution, which is currently undergoing a noticeable institutionalization. The author considers its phasing to be universal. It is suggested that prostitution can be extrapolated to other social institutions, including science and education. The potential of their resistance and survival is determined by how effectively passionarity accumulates in the structure of these social institutions. This indicator is directly proportional to the efficiency of the formation of human capital in the system. According to the author, problems, voiced by P.A. Orekhovsky and V.I. Razumov, are explained by the passion drift, the overcoming of which is not an automatic macro-social act, but the craft of each scientific and pedagogical worker.

Diagnosis: A critical social reflection in the genomic era

© 2019, Associacao Brasileira de Pos - Graduacao em Saude Coletiva. All rights reserved. Diagnosis is a pivotal tool for the work of medicine as they categorise and classify individual ailments via a generalised schema. However diagnosis is also a profoundly social act, which reflects society, its values and how it makes sense of illness and disease. Considering diagnosis critically, as well as practically, is an important job of the sociologist. This paper reviews how a social model can provide a critical tool for viewing diagnosis in the genomic era. It explores how the formulation of diagnosis, be it via genetic explanations or microbiological ones, are the product of social discovery, negotiation, and consensus.

Diagnosis: A critical social reflection in the genomic era

© 2019, Associacao Brasileira de Pos - Graduacao em Saude Coletiva. All rights reserved. Diagnosis is a pivotal tool for the work of medicine as they categorise and classify individual ailments via a generalised schema. However diagnosis is also a profoundly social act, which reflects society, its values and how it makes sense of illness and disease. Considering diagnosis critically, as well as practically, is an important job of the sociologist. This paper reviews how a social model can provide a critical tool for viewing diagnosis in the genomic era. It explores how the formulation of diagnosis, be it via genetic explanations or microbiological ones, are the product of social discovery, negotiation, and consensus.

UN ANÁLISIS FENOMENOLÓGICO DE LA PROPIEDAD CONTRAPUESTO AL "NEW REALISM" DE MAURIZIO FERRARIS

El presente ensayo compara un análisis fenomenológico de la propiedad con el nuevo realismo de Maurizio Ferraris. La comparación expone los límites de la perspectiva fenomenológica al mismo tiempo que también muestra los momentos estructurales de su modo de dación: (1) momento intuitivo; (2) momento de la solicitud; (3) momento del reconocimiento; (4) momento de la propiedad. Una vez expuesta la unidad de estos momentos, el ensayo pone de manifiesto cómo la perspectiva del nuevo realismo pensaría la propiedad a través de la nueva ontología del objeto, es decir, como un objeto social vinculado a un acto social. Las conclusiones exponen el carácter fenoménico de la propiedad como condición del análisis fenomenológico, en contraposición al planteamiento de Ferraris, donde la propiedad sería tratada como un objeto. No obstante, ambas perspectivas pensarían la propiedad como un acto vinculado al deseo de apropiación, lo que permite una inves-tigación fenomenológica de la voluntad.The present essay compares a phenomenological study of the property with the new realism of Maurizio Ferraris. The comparison shows the limits of the phenomenological perspective and simultaneously the structural moments of its mode of givenness: (1) the intuitive moment; (2) the moment of the request; (3) the moment of the admission; (4) the moment of the ownership. Once the unity of these moments is exposed, the essay shows how the perspective of the new realism would think the property through a new ontology of the object, that is, as a social object related to a social act. The conclusions expose the phenomenological character of the property as a condition of the phenomenological approach in contrast to the Ferrari’s proposal, where the property would be treated as an object. Nevertheless, both perspectives would think the property as an act related to the wish of appropriation, which allows the phenomenological investigation of the will.