Intelligent Bicycle Race Monitoring System Using IoT

Internet of Things (IoT) plays a pivotal role in easing the work of people. Internet of Things is a system of interrelated computing devices, mechanical and digital machines, objects, animals, or people that are provided with unique identifiers (UIDs) and the ability to transfer data over a network without requiring human-to-human or human-to-computer interaction. The unique identifiers mentioned above are RF transmitters, which use electromagnetic fields to automatically identify and track tags attached to objects. Using RF technology, we will decrease manually achieved workloads considerably and RF technology is universal, useful, and efficient. The microcontroller is used to extract information from the RF transmitter and send it to the system with the help of a Wi-Fi module. By incorporating these technologies, it helps us in tracking the bicycles and do the required analysis. This project is primarily designed to monitor bicycles in a bicycle club. It is used to identify the location of bicycles that are used within a particular area. The hardware architecture consists of a transmitter, RF receiver, microcontroller, Wi-Fi module, Web server, and database server. The web server and database server are located in the master station. The RF transmitters are distributed around an open area. They are programmed with a unique ID for each bicycle. The communication between the tag reader and the webserver is done via microcontroller and Wi-Fi modules.

Three-Line Microstrip Array for Whole-Body MRI System at 7 T

This paper proposes the use of a triple-line microstrip array for transmitting a magnetic field (|B1+|) into the whole body for magnetic resonance applications at ultra-high field strength, such as 7 T. We explored some technologies that can potentially be applied for whole-body 7 T magnetic resonance imaging, as there is ongoing research on this topic. The triple-line microstrip transmission line (t-MTL) array consists of 32 channels. Each channel has a t-MTL, comprising a main conductor line and two adjacent coupled lines. The adjacent lines are not connected directly to the source. This configuration resulted in increased intensity and a centered |B1+|-field. We compared the proposed structure and some reference radiofrequency (RF) transmitters, such as a patch antenna, using a magnet bore as a waveguide and a whole-body birdcage coil. We evaluated the performance of the t-MTL using cylindrical phantoms. We computed the |B1+|-field from each RF transmitter inside a 3D human model containing more than 200 tissues. We compared their uniformity and field intensity and proposed a t-MTL array that yielded better performance. The proposed design also showed a lower specific absorption rate compared with a patch antenna.

CMOS RF Transmitters with On-Chip Antenna for Passive RFID and IoT Nodes

The performances of two RF transmitters, monolithically integrated with their antennas on a single CMOS microchip fabricated in a standard 0.35 µm process, are presented. The usage of these architectures in the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm is envisioned, as part of a custom conceived data transmission system. The implemented circuits use two different directly on–off keying (OOK) modulated oscillator topologies whose outputs are employed to feed two loop antennas. The powering of both transmitters is duty-cycled for reducing the average power consumption to a few tenths of a microwatt, allowing the usage as low-power transmitters for IoT nodes. The integrated loop antennas radiate sufficient power for a few meters’ communication range. The OOK transmitted signal can be easily detected using a commercial receiver.

Government Bus Tracking with Passenger Details

This paper proposes an alternative to the conventional public transport tracking systems which uses GPS. The proposed model uses LoRa wireless transmission to communicate between the bus stops and a base station. The buses are equipped with RF transmitters, which send out data regarding the bus identity, continuously. RF receivers placed in the bus stop, detects this bus when it is in range, and relays this information to the base station instantly through LoRa communication. The LoRa receiver in the base station collects the transit information from all such bus stops in its range, modifies it as per requirement, and stores all necessary information in a database. The prototype built, only cost one-seventh of the cost required to implement a conventional tracking system, and consumed much less power as well. Such a system has minimal dependence on the number of buses being used. Hence, the system can be scaled at minimal costs

RELIABLE DETECTION OF SIGNAL TONES IN PRESENCE OF COLLISIONS

A reliable and energy-efficient contention resolution mechanism (CRM) is a crucial component of MAC protocols for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Among a number of CRM proposals, CRMs based on exchanging short signal tones between competing nodes have recently drawn attention due to their promise of collision-freedom and energy-efficiency. However, the basic assumption of these protocols, i.e. the possibility to reliably detect the presence/absence of signal tone in case of simultaneous transmissions from multiple nodes, has not yet been confirmed. In this paper we present a technique for signal tone generation/detection, which uses only standard features of off-the-shelf RF transmitters. Furthermore, we present results of an experimental validation carried out in a real testbed which demonstrate a high accuracy of signal tone detection in presence of multiple simultaneous transmissions.