Modeling of bastard alfalfa productivity on irrigated fields of the Rostov region

С помощью математической модели Продуктивность люцерны была проведена оценка продуктивности люцерны изменчивой сорта Ростовская 60 в погодных условиях трёх типов: средние многолетние условия агрометеорологические условия сухого года (влагообеспеченность периода вегетации составляла не более 51, запасы продуктивной влаги метрового слоя почвы на уровне 6065 НВ и ниже) агрометеорологические условия влажного года (влагообеспеченность периода вегетации более 85, запасы продуктивной влаги более 75 НВ). Типизация агрометеорологических показателей вегетации люцерны проводилось по двум расчётным периодам: базовому (19611990 годы) и данным за 20052015 годы. Расчёты показали, что при выращивании люцерны на богаре во влажные годы урожайность зелёной массы первого укоса была в 1,51,7 раза выше по сравнению со средними многолетними условиями, в то время как в условиях сухого года урожайность зелёной массы составляла не более 65. Для агрометеорологических условий сухого года с помощью модели был проведён численный эксперимент влияния режима орошения на урожайность зелёной массы первого укоса люцерны в зависимости от сроков полива. Оптимальными сроками полива люцерны являются фаза стеблевания (третья и четвёртая недели вегетации) и фаза начала бутонизации. Оросительная норма составляет 1500 м3/га, вегетационный полив 500 м/га. При таком сочетании сроков полива возможно ожидать урожайность первого укоса до 27 т/га. Mathematical model Alfalfa productivity was used to evaluate performance of bastard alfalfa Rostovskaya 60 under mean annual precipitation rate dry year (water availability of up to 51, water content in 1 m-soil layer 6065) and wet year (water availability of over 85, water content in 1 m-soil layer over 75). Data typing of meteorological parameters was done in accordance with two periods: 19611990 (standard) and 20052015. Calculations revealed that growing alfalfa on dry-farming lands resulted in first cut yield being 1.51.7 times higher compared to mean annual conditions in wet years. In dry year green mass productivity amounted to 65. Numeric experiment was performed for a dry year evaluating the influence of irrigation regime on the first cut yield of alfalfa. Optimal irrigation time is stem formation (third and fourth weeks of a growing season) and budding phases. Optimal irrigation rate is 1500 m3 ha-1, irrigation for a growing season 500 m ha-1. Under such an irrigation time first cut yield is expected to be up to 27 t ha-1.

FAIR Data and Services in Biodiversity Science and Geoscience

We examine the intersection of the FAIR principles (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable), the challenges and opportunities presented by the aggregation of widely distributed and heterogeneous data about biological and geological specimens, and the use of the Digital Object Architecture (DOA) data model and components as an approach to solving those challenges that offers adherence to the FAIR principles as an integral characteristic. This approach will be prototyped in the Distributed System of Scientific Collections (DiSSCo) project, the pan-European Research Infrastructure which aims to unify over 110 natural science collections across 21 countries. We take each of the FAIR principles, discuss them as requirements in the creation of a seamless virtual collection of bio/geo specimen data, and map those requirements to Digital Object components and facilities such as persistent identification, extended data typing, and the use of an additional level of abstraction to normalize existing heterogeneous data structures. The FAIR principles inform and motivate the work and the DO Architecture provides the technical vision to create the seamless virtual collection vitally needed to address scientific questions of societal importance.

The theory of a digital computer

The problems of data typing and structuring are investigated. The definition of an algorithm reflecting an important property of alternativity is introduced. In the classical theory of algorithms, the provisions providing the two principles of a modern digital computer are distinguished: program execution control of the program and placement of the executed program in memory along with other data. Possible structures of algorithms, algorithmically unsolvable problems, complexity of algorithms, abstract models of computers are considered. The logical foundations of the computer, ways of representing and converting data in various number systems and performing basic arithmetic and logical operations are studied. The possibilities of parallel execution of operations are explored. The functions of the operating system for providing modes of computer use, interrupt system, multi-channel access, virtual memory are given. The concept of "tagged" architecture, which contributes to the increase of information security, is given. The "von Neumann" and "non-von Neumann" architectures are considered. For undergraduate and graduate students, post-graduate students, university professors of information technology and economics, for researchers and developers of digital computers.

APLIKASI TRACKING PAKET BARANG EKSPEDISI PADA PT. BAHARI EKA NUSANTARA PALEMBANG

PT. Bahari Eka Indonesian Archipelago Palembang was the company that was involved inthe sending service and the transport service. In processing the Acceptance data and thedelivery of goods of the company used the application of Microsoft Word and Excel butonly implementation in the process of data typing and the production of the table, after thedata was typed afterwards was printed to become the report in the company. The problemin this research was: "how developed a Application" of the "Tracking Paket Application"of the "The Expedition of Thing to PT. Bahari Eka Indonesian Archipelago Palembangused the language pemprograman Borland Delphi 2007 and Microsoft Access 2007 ?”.Technically the development of the system used SDLC with the Waterfal model l as well asthe development implement of the system that was used that is DFD and ERD. Berdasarkanthe problem that happened then was needed by him an application that used the databaselike Microsoft access, to facilitate in the increase and the search for the data without musthave the data that the duplicate so as to be not wrong in typing and the search for the databy adding the notification if the data that diinput was or pencariaan the data was wrong,like the Borland Delphi Form Application input was given by facilities print the documentthat was needed, the example in form payment will be given button print kwitansi.Theapplication was provided by him the menu to tracking the package of the thing ekpedisi sothat the administrative part could with the ease checked the status of the delivery of goodsof the customer. The Theory base that was used in part: the Understanding of theApplication, the Understanding of the Data, the Understanding of the Processing

Survey of Clostridium difficile infection surveillance systems in Europe, 2011

To develop a European surveillance protocol for Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), existing national CDI surveillance systems were assessed in 2011. A web-based electronic form was provided for all national coordinators of the European CDI Surveillance Network (ECDIS-Net). Of 35 national coordinators approached, 33 from 31 European countries replied. Surveillance of CDI was in place in 14 of the 31 countries, comprising 18 different nationwide systems. Three of 14 countries with CDI surveillance used public health notification of cases as the route of reporting, and in another three, reporting was limited to public health notification of cases of severe CDI. The CDI definitions published by the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) were widely used, but there were differing definitions to distinguish between community- and healthcare-associated cases. All CDI surveillance systems except one reported annual national CDI rates (calculated as number of cases per patient-days). Only four surveillance systems regularly integrated microbiological data (typing and susceptibility testing results). Surveillance methods varied considerably between countries, which emphasises the need for a harmonised European protocol to allow consistent monitoring of the CDI epidemiology at European level. The results of this survey were used to develop a harmonised EU-wide hospital-based CDI surveillance protocol.

Approaches and Best Practices in Web Service Style, XML Data Binding and Validation – Implications to Securing Web Services

This chapter shows how the WSDL interface style (RPC / Document), strength of data typing and approach to data binding and validation have important implications on application security (and interoperability). This is because some (common) bad-practices and poor implementation choices can render a service vulnerable to the consequences of propagating loosely bound or poorly constrained data. The chosen Web service style and strength of data typing dictate how SOAP messages are constructed and serialized, and to what extent SOAP messages can be constrained and secured during validation. The chosen approach to binding and validation dictates how and where the SOAP-body and SOAP-header (which includes the security constructs) are handled in the application, and also determines the reliability of message parsing. The authors show how these Web service styles and implementation choices must be carefully considered and applied correctly by providing implementation examples and best practice recommendations.