Analisis Biaya Produksi dan Keuntungan Bagi Peternak Muslim di Kawasan Sentra Produksi (KSP) Payakumbuh Sumatera Barat

<p class="abstrak"><em>This study aims to describe the advantages of the Payakumbuh Production Center Area (popular as KSP) as a suitable production area in terms of production cost efficiency and business profits obtained by Muslim stockbreeder in the Payakumbuh area of West Sumatra. The study was conducted on Payakumbuh KSP and as comparative data taken business locations that are outside Payakumbuh KSP. The data used are primary data obtained from laying hens breeders. The total number of breeders in the KSP location was made as research objects i.e. 67 people and as a comparison data using 67 farmers who had business locations outside the KSP. The analyszed data using statistics with different test formulations between the two business locations. The results showed that there was no characteristic difference between breeders who tried at the Payakumbuh KSP business location and outside the Payakumbuh KSP. Based on the difference test between the two business locations, there is a significant difference in production costs and business profits obtained between breeders located on the Payakumbuh KSP and outside the Payakumbuh KSP. This study recommends the importance of the Payakumbuh KSP in determining the sustainability of the business run by breeders.</em></p><p class="abstrak"> </p><p class="abstrak">Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan keunggulan Kawasan Sentra Produksi (KSP) Payakumbuh sebagai kawasan produksi yang sesuai dari segi efisiensi biaya produksi dan keuntungan usaha yang diperoleh para peternak muslim di daerah Payakumbuh Sumatera Barat. Studi dilakukan di KSP Payakumbuh dan sebagai data pembanding diambil lokasi usaha yang berada di luar KSP Payakumbuh. Data yang digunakan merupakan data primer yang diperoleh dari peternak ayam petelur. Jumlah total peternak di lokasi KSP dijadikan sebagai objek penelitian yaitu 67 orang dan sebagai data pembanding menggunakan 67 peternak yang memiliki lokasi usaha di luar KSP. Data dianalisis menggunakan statistik dengan formulasi uji yang berbeda antara dua lokasi usaha. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan karakteristik antara peternak yang mencoba di lokasi usaha KSP Payakumbuh dengan di luar KSP Payakumbuh. Berdasarkan uji beda antara kedua lokasi usaha, terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara biaya produksi dan keuntungan usaha yang diperoleh antara peternak yang berada di KSP Payakumbuh dan di luar KSP Payakumbuh. Studi ini merekomendasikan pentingnya keberadaan KSP Payakumbuh dalam menentukan kelangsungan usaha yang dijalankan oleh para peternak.</p>

Comparison of Very Low Birth Weight Preterm Infants with And Without Experienced Target Weight Gain on The Administration of Human Milk Fortifier

Background: Human milk fortifier (HMF) is defined as a supplement added to breastmilk to increase calories, proteins, vitamins, and various nutrition of breastmilk. The purpose of HMF administration is to increase the concentration of breastmilk nutrients to improve the weight of very low birth weight preterm infants. The administration of HMF is insufficient to fulfill protein needs in 20-40% very low birth weight babies, thus the weight gain did not meet the expected target.Objective: To analyze characteristic differences between very low birth weight preterm infants who experienced weight gain according to the target and not according to the target on the administration of HMF.Methods: An analytical study with a case-control approach comparing case and control group, which was observed to determine characteristic differences between both groups. The samples were 52 very low birth weight preterm infants obtained by consecutive sampling. Data analysis includes descriptive analysis and hypothesis testing. Results: Data were obtained from medical records and consisted of 52 participants, including 26 very low birth weight premature infants who experienced weight gain according to the target and 26 who experienced weight gain not according to the target. There was no characteristic difference of cyanosis clinical symptoms (OR 2.3; 95% CI 0.51-10.4), chest retraction (OR 1.0; 95% CI 0.32-3.1), apnea of prematurity comorbid (OR 1.0; 95% CI 0.25-3.9), neonatal infections (OR 0.62; 95% CI 0.21-1.9), starting age of HMF administration (OR 0.62; 95% CI 0.21-1.89), bloating (OR 0.57; 95% CI 0.17-1.9), and vomiting (OR 1.18; 95% CI 0.38-3.7) in both groups.Conclusion: There was no characteristic difference between very low birth weight preterm infants who experienced weight gain according to the target and not according to the target on the administration of HMF.

STUDI KOMPARASI PRAKTEK TRANSPARANSI DALAM PENGELOLAAN PERUSAHAAN DAERAH PASAR SURYA SURABAYA

Requirement of transparency in all sector is unavoidable, not only in governance but also at public company or regional company especially in carrying out the principles and appropriate policy in accordance with Good Corporate Governance standard.The good corporate governance principles determined by The Minister of ‘BUMN’ consist of: The transparency, Independence, Accountability, Responsibility and Fairness. In the case of transparency, ‘Bapepam’ give an example of the transparency practice for the public company. Some regulation of the transparency practice consist of: (1) Open information, (2) The quality of information, (3) The involvement of competence, (4) The supporter profession, (5) The limit of transaction material and the transaction of conflict interest, (6) Independent Commissary, and (7) Law Enforcement. The regional company of ‘Pasar Surya’ is the public company owned by the local Government in Surabaya. The writer is interested in uncovering whether ‘Pasar Surya’ has done the transparency what society desires. As the comparison, the writer uses the base regulations of the transparency practice for the public company. The writer pays attention to the characteristic difference at each company. The transparency practice which ‘Pasar Surya’ has done is in accordance with The Regional Regulation and The Mayor’s Decision.Basically ‘Pasar Surya’ has done the transparency activity but it is necessary to re-examine to get the target of good corporate governance.

Динамика магнитных скирмионов в наноточках

Bloch and Neel magnetic skyrmions have been studied in systems of confined geometry (nanodots, a linear array of nanodots). The spectra of low- and high-frequency excitation modes of a skyrmion state have been calculated. It has been shown that skyrmion spectrum asymmetry, namely, the characteristic difference between the frequencies of the azimuthal modes of the azimuthal skyrmion modes rotating clockwise and counterclockwise, is associated with asymmetry in the magnetization profiles of high-frequency spin waves propagating on the background of a skyrmion state in a nanodot. The low-frequency spectrum contains the only gyrotropic mode localized near the center of a nanodot. The gyrotropic frequency depends on the material parameters of a nanodot and the size of a skyrmion. The eigenfrequency of the gyrotropic mode of an isolated skyrmion in a nanodot in ultrathin films ( L ~ 1 nm) does not depend on the internal structure of a skyrmion and is the same for Bloch and Neel skyrmions. The interaction of skyrmions, in particular, in a linear chain of nanodots with the ground skyrmion state, leads to distinctions in low-frequency spectra. The structure of a skyrmion (of Bloch or Neel type) is exhibited as a shift of dispersion curves and a difference between the frequencies of ferromagnetic resonance in a system of interacting skyrmions.

Deteksi Daging Sapi Menggunakan Electronic Nose Berbasis Bidirectional Associative Memory

E-nose is an instrument used to detect odor. E-nose developed with Bidirectional Associative memory (BAM) algorithm has advantages in processing incomplete input data and noise. The purpose of the study was to implement the BAM algorithm to detect pure beef among samples of beef, pork, and mixed meat from aroma with e-nose.Data processing of the sample reading results begins by performing the baseline manipulation process, then do difference and integral feature extraction for the data. The characteristic extraction data will be converted into bipolar matrix patterns (1 and -1) so that the threshold data is needed to be able to determine the feature extraction data to be bipolar. Data that have become bipolar matrices will be used as test and reference data in the program with cross validation testing to obtain the percentage of truth of meat detection using BAM based e-nose.Detection of meat with BAM using integral feature extraction with bipolar the first way yields a 14,8% success percentage and the second way bipolar yields a 15,7% success rate. The extraction of characteristic difference with bipolar the first way yields a success percentage of 17,3% and the second way bipolar yields a success rate of 16,4%.