Effects of Pomace Fertilization on some Phenological, Morphological and Biochemical characters of the Cherry tree in the Region of Tlemcen (Algeria): Case of the Black Bigareau and Sunburst

Pomace is the solid residue by-product resulting from the extraction of olive oil. Their high content of organic compounds gives them the possibility of being used also as green manure. We have tried this amendment approach on two varieties of cherry grown in the Tlemcen region. The Sunburst and the Black Bigarreau. Its use in combination with N.P.K fertilizers increases the carbon content of the soil, boosts the formation of May bouquets, and improves the water-holding capacity of the clay-humic complex. The results of this study showed that olive pomace used as a fertilizer, alone or in combination with N.P.K mineral fertilizers creates an advantage on the phenological and biochemical aspect, especially on the Black Bigarreau variety.

Characterization of Fatty Acids in Crenarchaeota by GC-MS and NMR

Lipids composed of condensed isoprenyl units connected to glycerol backbones by ether linkages are a distinguishing feature of Archaea. Data suggesting that fatty acids with linear hydrocarbon chains are present in some Archaea have been available for decades. However, lack of genomic and biochemical evidence for the metabolic machinery required to synthesize and degrade fatty acids has left the field unclear on this potentially significant biochemical aspect. Because lipids are energy currency and cell signaling molecules, their presence in Archaea is significant for understanding archaeal biology. A recent large-scale bioinformatics analysis reignited the debate as to the importance of fatty acids in Archaea by presenting genetic evidence for the presence of enzymes required for anabolic and catabolic fatty acid metabolism across the archaeal domain. Here, we present direct biochemical evidence from gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy for the presence of fatty acids in two members of the Crenarchaeota,Sulfolobus solfataricusandIgnicoccus hospitalis. This is the first report providing biochemical data for the existence of fatty acids in these Crenarchaeota, opening new discussions on energy balance and the potential for the discovery of new thermostable enzymes for industry.