Cytological Findings of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor-Derived Bone Metastasis

Objective: Procedures for diagnosing bone tumors should be rapid and minimally invasive. Thus, cytological examinations are more useful for such purposes than histological examinations. In order to identify cytomorphological findings that could be used to diagnose bone metastasis from gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST), previous cases were reviewed. Study Design: Cytological samples of 7 lesions from 4 patients with GIST-derived bone metastasis, which were obtained from 2001 to 2017 at the JFCR Cancer Institute Hospital, were reviewed. Results: The metastasis of GIST to the bone was clinically suspected before the cytological and histological examinations in all cases since they all involved other metastatic lesion(s), and characteristic osteolytic lesions were detected on radiological images. Although various cell shapes were encountered, spindle cell proliferation was seen in all cytological samples. No pleomorphism was apparent. Characteristic nuclear findings were observed. All of the cases could be diagnosed as GIST-derived bone metastasis. Conclusion: GIST-derived bone metastasis can be diagnosed by examining cytological samples.

Effect of moisturizers on prevention of hand-foot syndrome associated with capecitabine plus oxaliplatin.

681 Background: Capecitabine plus oxaliplatin (XELOX) has been established as first-line treatment for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Hand-foot syndrome (HFS) is the most common toxicity associated with capecitabine, and the mechanism of which remains to be clarified. Appropriate management of HFS for continuing treatment is needed to ensure improved survival. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of our candidate moisturizers for HFS, considering its compliance in each patient at a single institute. Methods: Patients who received XELOX for metastatic colorectal cancer at the Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Cancer Institute Hospital, between Apr 1 2010 and Apr 30 2011 were included in this study. Pharmacists conducted the skin care for HFS using moisturizers: heparinoid ointment, a mixture of vitamin A oil and white petrolatums (1:1). All HFS events were graded according to NCI–CTC, version 4.0. The relationship between accumulated dose of capecitabine and incidence of HFS events stratified by frequency of daily moisturizers application was analyzed by using the Kaplan-Meier method. P value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Moisturizers were applied two or more times a day in 45 patients (Good compliance group) and once a daily in 28 patients (Poor compliance group). In terms of incidence of grade ≥1 HFS, no significant differences were observed between good compliance group and poor compliance group (p = 0.764). Incidence of grade ≥2 HFS was observed slightly higher in the poor compliance group than in the good compliance group, though the differences were not statistically significant (p = 0.286). Conclusions: The onset of capecitabine-associated HFS is independent of frequency of using moisturizers. However, more frequent application of moisturizers appeared to have a possibility to prevent severe HFS. Assessment for compliance with the moisturizers is important as well as patient-compliance-instruction by pharmacist.