DESIGNING THE FUTURE IN EDUCATIONAL STRATEGIES OF RUSSIAN YOUTH

Представленная статья реализует попытку авторов осмыслить на основе деятельностно-активистского подхода конструирование будущего в образовательных стратегиях российской молодежи. На базе концептуального социально-эмпирического анализа авторы статьи приходят к выводу о том, что большинство молодых россиян разделяют позиции адаптивности, актуализма в качестве выбора образовательной стратегии. Это определяется факторами объективного и субъективного характера, где объективизация социальных условий выступает влияющей на субъективный выбор молодежи. Отмечая значимость социальной и территориальной дифференциации, авторы статьи обосновывают положение о конструировании будущего, о формировании образов жизни и набора жизненных целей российской молодежи как возможности ухода от ограниченности прагматического поворота в образовании. В качестве заключительного суждения определяется взаимосвязь между ориентацией на квалифицированную деятельность и конфигурацию ответов на изменения в образовательной системе. Делается вывод о том, что в отечественной социально-гуманитарной науке назрела необходимость осмысления образовательных стратегий российской молодежи как способности российской молодежи конструировать образ будущего с учетом нарастания влияния социальных инноваций. The presented paper implements the authors' attempt to understand, on the basis of an activist approach, the design of the future in the educational strategies of Russian youth. Based on a conceptual socio-empirical analysis, the authors of the publication conclude that most young Russians share the positions of adaptability, actualism as a choice of educational strategy. This is determined by factors of an objective and subjective nature, where the objectification of social conditions acts as an influence on the subjective choice of youth. Noting the importance of social and territorial differentiation, the authors of the paper substantiate the provision on the design of the future, on the formation of lifestyles and a set of life goals of Russian youth as an opportunity to escape the limited pragmatic turn in education. As a final judgment, the relationship between the orientation to skilled activities and the configuration of responses to changes in the educational system is determined. It is concluded that in domestic social science and humanities there is a need to understand the educational strategies of Russian youth as the ability of Russian youth to design the image of the future, taking into account the growing influence of social innovations.

Innovation of the Education of College Students' Outlook on Life Following Positive Psychology Under the Theory of Educational Psychology

The study expects to find a better way to improve the teaching quality of the education of college students' outlook on life, based on the theory of educational psychology. First, the relevant theories of positive psychology are introduced and expounded, and the importance of the education of college students' outlook on life is analyzed. Second, the current situations of college students' outlook on life and the education of their outlook on life are investigated through a questionnaire survey, and the problems presented in the questionnaire are analyzed. Then, the correlation between positive psychology and the education of college students' outlook on life is explored, and their mutual connection is analyzed. The results are as follows: 77.4% of the college students have periodical aims and work hard for them; 80.8% of the students think that the realization of life goals rely on hard work, accounting for the largest proportion; when they encounter setbacks, more than 80% of the students choose to work hard to overcome them; 69.2% students think that their outlook on life comes from self-learning and exploration. According to college students' outlook on life in China and other countries, there are many problems in the education of college students' outlook on life, and the teaching quality of the education of college students' outlook on life is backward. The combination of positive psychology and college students' education of college students' outlook on life under the theory of educational psychology provides new ideas and ways for college students' education of college students' outlook on life. The conclusion of this study promotes the innovation of the education of college students' outlook on life.

State’s Authority Concerning Health Protection in Ordinary Times and During Epidemics

Life and health as fundamental matters are major concerns for every human being. To this end, he / she should be assisted by the community in which they live. If the foundation of social life is the personalistic principle, the recognition of the primacy of the dignity of the person, among other values, is constructed on the principles of subsidiarity and solidarity. It is the role of the healthcare institution to create such conditions, in which the safest and the most effective methods of treatment and prevention are available, and the individual can consciously select which of these realises his or her good to the greatest extent, in accordance with the recognised hierarchy of values, the accepted worldview, and life goals. The aim of this article is to analyse the relationship between the community and the individual, in the field of healthcare, under normal conditions and during epidemics. The existence of specific threats may suggest that exceptions to the fundamental rules of social life: autonomy, subsidiarity, and social solidarity, are permissible. However, the recognition of the fundamental value of the dignity of the person, requires the community to apply the same rules as in normal times, although many activities of public institutions are intensified in times of more serious danger.

Information Reliability Assessment and Filtering for Decision Making. Case Study of Lithuanian and China Students’ Life Goals Survey Data

This article presents the methodology and tools to evaluate the reliability of quantitative sociological research data. The problem of filtering unreliable data is usually solved by statistical methods. This article proposes an improved method for filtering unreliable data. In this case, the statistical methods are not applied to the initial data but the value of the distance function between the two preferences. This allows for the disclosure of conflicting or erroneous data. Calculation of the distance between two preferences and prioritisation of life goals are based on binary relation theory, where the properties of symmetry (antisymmetry) are very important. The article presents a case study on 11 life goals evaluation and ranking by Lithuanian and China students. The study revealed that the China student data filtered at least twice as much as the Lithuanian student data, i.e., they are less reliable. The filtered data show that students of both countries ranked the most and the least important life goals in a very similar way with minimum deviations detected in the ranking results.

Socio-psychological characteristics of convicted persons who have committed violent and self-serving violent crimes

The problem of studying the socio-psychological characteristics of criminals who have committed violent and self-serving violent crimes is extremely relevant. This is due to its insufficient study, the high prevalence of convicts of this category in the population of convicts, the ability to understand the causes and origins of their criminal behavior. The aim of the research is to study the sociopsychological characteristics of convicts who have committed violent and self-serving violent crimes. According to the results obtained, the acceptance of responsibility for the committed crime is associated with the age of the offender (young convicts are more likely to attribute the blame for the committed criminal act to external circumstances). First-time convicts tend to deny the need for social support and show less desire for social contacts; their perception of life goals is less conscious, life is less meaningful compared to repeat offenders. The greater orientation of repeat offenders to social interaction and the perception of their own life as meaningful are considered as associated with the conscious acceptance of criminal values and the commission of criminal acts. The features of the relations of convicts in the parental family are related to the parameters of their further life: constructive employment at the time of detention, the level of education, the available family status, the severity of the crime committed.

Some Aspects About Entrepreneurial Skills and Competences Learning

Nowadays, teaching entrepreneurship is important in terms of developing country’s economics and forming entrepreneurial thinking among the society. The difference between entrepreneurial competence and adequacy must be considered, as well as defining entrepreneurial competences as being initiative and stringy. The result of teaching entrepreneurship has two different meanings - it is considered as a skill of leading business, more widely - as a stringiness of an individual. Human is an actualization of civilization, society and historical experience of profession, therefore the process of forming entrepreneurial thinking - universal skill - should be considered through this lens. The Entrepreneurial work is not easy, it demands a purposeful approach, assessment of individual possibilities and skills. Lots of business theorists and practicists still argue about whether it’s possible to teach someone entrepreneurship or not. Everybody agrees that possessing the entrepreneurial skills is very important, but cannot define what it means. The Entrepreneurial thinking can be reviewed as:  The Vivid vision and understanding of life goals - an entrepreneur mostly does what he wants and likes and minimizes almost every unpleasant work.  Desire to work for yourself - strong will to work without dependence on others.  Abillity and desire to take responsibility on his personal life, income and other material pleasures.  Particular attitude towards money - for entrepreneurs, money is not an instrument of fulfilling goals. Therefore, they’re not afraid of investing millions. The Positive perception of the word “investition” - entrepreneur sees investments not as an expense, but as the additional possibility. He knows that he doesn’t waste money in books or trainings, but investing in himself. The ability to gain from every situation - if others are saying that it’s not real, then it’s just an opinion of others. The Entrepreneurs love experiments - he’s open to the new things and possibilities and uses chances. The Entrepreneur is able to find necessary contacts, resources, possibilities fast. Dealing with those who are difficult to be dealt with, to say a firm “no” if he doesn’t agree with something. Developing entrepreneurial thinking is very real and this process should be based on human’s formation into an entrepreneur - if 100,000 is the biggest number for him, then his business will be of this scale. And when he starts thinking with 100 Million categories, the business will profit him accordingly. Keywords: entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial competences, entrepreneurial skills, teaching entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial thinking.

Exploring Mortality Salience and Pandemic Impact in the Context of COVID-19

Mortality salience refers to a state of conscious awareness of death and the inevitable conclusion of life, associated with psychological terror. The COVID-19 pandemic generated increased awareness of illness and death, and effectuated changes in death cognitions and people’s experiences around psychological or sociocognitive domains of media and life goals. To understand these changes, this study administered the Multidimensional Mortality Awareness Measure (Levasseur et al., 2015) to 103 emerging adults in India, post which 6 participants proceeded for a semi-structured interview exploring pandemic experiences, news consumption and goal prioritization, to examine specific areas in relation to death cognition. The thematic analysis demonstrates psychological effects, and discusses developments in health and death-related psychological processes. Focus on career goals and health maintenance, cautious news consumption and disadvantageous impacts on mental health are seen, significant in navigating healthcare measures for emerging adults, as we move forward into this ‘new normal’.

Work-Life Integration in Academia: From Myth to Reality

Work-life integration is often considered the stuff of myth, especially for women in academia. The inherent conflict between an identity as a mother or parent and that as a working professional effectively limits diversity efforts in STEM. Addressing this conflict is therefore crucial to creating a more inclusive academic environment. Work-life integration has two fundamental components—structural and cultural. Workplace polices need to enable attainment of work and life goals; at the same time, the work culture is important in assuring individuals take advantage of existing policies. In this chapter, we review several work-life integration interventions at UC Davis, including the Partner Opportunity Program and Capital Resource Network. We discuss the challenges associated with these and other efforts during the implementation of our ADVANCE programs. We also make recommendations for improving work-life integration in academia and beyond—to turn myth into reality.