Impact of posttraumatic stress syndrome disorder on GPA for Kurd-Yazidis students studying at Duhok Polytechnical University: تأثير متلازمة الإجهاد اللاحق للصدمة على المعدل التراكمي للطلاب الكرد اليزيديين الذين يدرسون في جامعة دهوك التقنية

This study shows the impact of post-traumatic syndrome on the cumulative rate of students studying at Duhok Polytechnic University. The 314 students from different departments at Duhok Polytechnic University are targeted randomly selected. In order to answer the hypotheses of the study, the computational averages, the Pearson correlation coefficient, and the use of the T-test were used where the results indicated the following: The increase in post-traumatic stress syndrome is associated with an increase in mental unit feeling. The level of mental unity is higher in the group of two sources compared to the group of non-traumatized people. The existence of statistical differences between males and females in the level of the post-traumatic stress syndrome, and this is higher among females. The existence of statistical differences between males and females in the low cumulative rate of male and female enrollment and this is higher for females. In the light of the results, a number of recommendations and proposals have been formulated that could contribute to improving student coping with a post-traumatic syndrome, improving the cumulative rate and improving social communication.

Neuropsychiatric Consequences of Lipophilic Beta-Blockers

Beta-blockers are a class of drugs with important benefits in cardiovascular pathology. In this paper, we aim to highlight their adverse and therapeutic effects in the neuropsychiatric field. With respect to permeability, we would like to mention that most beta-blockers are lipophilic and can cross the blood–brain barrier. Observational studies show the presence of neuropsychiatric side effects when taking beta-blockers, and is the reason for which caution is recommended in their use in patients with depressive syndrome. From a therapeutic point of view, most current evidence is for the use of beta-blockers in migraine attacks, essential tremor, and akathisia. Beta-blockers appear to be effective in the treatment of aggressive behavior, beneficial in the prevention of posttraumatic stress syndrome and may play a role in the adjuvant treatment of obsessive–compulsive disorder, which is refractory to standard therapy. In conclusion, the relationship between beta-blockers and the central nervous system appears as a two-sided coin. Summarizing the neuropsychiatric side effects of beta-blockers, we suggest that clinicians pay special attention to the pharmacological properties of different beta-blockers.

Detection of Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms in Patients After Discharge From Intensive Care

Background Despite emphasis on identifying personal and clinical characteristics that place patients at higher risk for posttraumatic stress syndrome after intensive care, the extent of screening for the syndrome in intensive care patients is unknown. Objectives To examine the feasibility and acceptability of a screening tool to detect posttraumatic stress syndrome, screen for the syndrome soon after discharge from intensive care to identify patients at risk for post-traumatic stress disorder, and determine personal and clinical factors related to higher scores on the screening instrument. Methods A single-center, cross-sectional design was used. At 2 to 4 weeks after hospital discharge, 41 patients treated in an intensive care unit completed the screening instrument and the Screening Experience Questionnaire via telephone. Associations between participants’ characteristics and scores were examined, and screening experiences were described. Results Participants reported that the screening instrument was easy to understand, caused little distress, and could be completed in an acceptable time frame. Participants reported that they had not been screened via a formal process or received education during or after their stay in the unit. Among the participants, 44% preferred screening in the outpatient setting. Higher scores on the screening tool were associated with history of depression, moderate levels of sedation, and intensive care unit delirium. Conclusions The majority of intensive care patients most likely are not being screened for posttraumatic stress syndrome despite a higher risk for the syndrome in these patients than in the general population.