Comparative Study of Si-Ge-Sn Resonant Cavity Enhanced Heterojunction Bipolar Phototransistor (RCE-HPT) under Quantum Confined Stark Effect (QCSE) and Franz Keldysh Effect (FKE) at 1.55 µm

Group-IV and their alloy based Heterojunction Bipolar Phototransistors (HPTs) are of immense interest in recent day optical communication. In this paper first resonant cavity enhanced heterojunction bipolar phototransistor (RCE-HPT) with Ge0.992Sn0.008/Si0.30Ge0.61Sn0.09 Quantum Well/barrier structure under Quantum Confined Stark Effect (QCSE) has been evaluated. Further the bulk GeSn absorption region has been considered instead of QW/barrier structure and estimated the Franz Keldysh Effect (FKE). Finally different RCE-HPT related parameters such as quantum efficiency-bandwidth product, responsivity, collector current and optical gain have been studied and compared under QCSE and FKE.

Kindlin-2 in Sertoli cells is essential for testis development and male fertility in mice

Kindlin-2 is known to play important roles in the development of mesoderm-derived tissues including myocardium, smooth muscle, cartilage and blood vessels. However, nothing is known for the role of Kindlin-2 in mesoderm-derived reproductive organs. Here, we report that loss of Kindlin-2 in Sertoli cells caused severe testis hypoplasia, abnormal germ cell development and complete infertility in male mice. Functionally, loss of Kindlin-2 inhibits proliferation, increases apoptosis, impairs phagocytosis in Sertoli cells and destroyed the integration of blood-testis barrier structure in testes. Mechanistically, Kindlin-2 interacts with LATS1 and YAP, the key components of Hippo pathway. Kindlin-2 impedes LATS1 interaction with YAP, and depletion of Kindlin-2 enhances LATS1 interaction with YAP, increases YAP phosphorylation and decreases its nuclear translocation. For clinical relevance, lower Kindlin-2 expression and decreased nucleus localization of YAP was found in SCOS patients. Collectively, we demonstrated that Kindlin-2 in Sertoli cells is essential for sperm development and male reproduction.

Analysis of improved cleaning process targeting tough spot around the yogurt filling machine

The dairy industry produces sterilized room temperature yogurt. In the process of water flushing filling machine of valves ABC structure, the milk pressed by the seal ring of plunger valve A cannot be cleaned for a long time, causing scaling and increasing the risk of pollution. In order to avoid the risk, the filling machine need to be manually disassembled and cleaned which takes more than 4 hours, resulting in great loss of efficiency. This paper integrates the aseptic tank technology and filling technology of China Mengniu Dairy Company Limited. On this basis, the cleaning process of the sterile[1] normal temperature yogurt filling machine is improved, the technology of water flushing valve A is innovated. It solves the problem of milk scale caused by the pressing of ring of valve A which is hard to clean, therefore minimizes the risk of microbial contamination. The improved process has been tested and applied to sterilized normal temperature yoghurt. The risk control of pollution products with high pectin fiber and even the filling machine with steam barrier structure in food industry is also applicable, which has certain promotion value.