THE SEMANTICS OFNADSAT. A STUDY ON LANGUAGE AND ITS FUNCTIONS IN DEFINING CHARACTER – A CLOCKWORKORANGE BY ANTHONY BURGESS

Having on its background the topic of youth culture and its language, social disorder and its criticism, the general disruption in society and the pitfalls of social and technological progress in the age of modernism, the present article critically looks at Anthony Burgess’s novel A Clockwork Orange (1962) with a view to analysing character, language and its functions. After a brief introduction to the context of the book’s publication, its genre, and some general remarks on the novelty of the language created in the novel, the article progresses to the presentation of the major sources of this language. The central part of the paper originally approaches Nadsat from a semantic perspective with the aim of testing and validating the functions of Nadsat already identified and further investigating (individual and group) character portrayal as unfolded by the language used. The analysis is based on a quantitative and qualitative research of the Nadsat code/(anti-)language of the novel.

Watching “Insidious” – On the Social Construction of Fear

As mass media are an integral part of our everyday lives, their role in constituting emotions and feeling rules receives heightened attention. However, content analyses and psychoanalytical/reaction analyses focus on a film-viewer-relation that does not consider the group character of media consumption. This article deals with the question of how fear is socially constructed and interactively negotiated by taking an ethnomethodological look at videos that teenagers have taken of themselves while watching the horror movie Insidious. It puts forward two inter-related forms of ambiguity: the ambiguity of what emotions are appropriate, that is, the ways in which feeling rules are treated as topics and as features of the viewing settings, and, secondly, the ambiguity of belonging that concerns the question of how several viewers can draw themselves out of a terrifying situation while simultaneously ensuring that the group is held together. Fear is regarded as a separating emotion insofar as actors withdraw, actively locate their bodies as barriers against the movie’s sensual impressions and thus simultaneously constrain interaction by blocking central channels of communication. Special attention is given to the ways in which this affects interaction. The article contributes to the understanding of visual spectatorship and the undertaking of bringing affect into media studies by bringing together audience research and emotion sociology.

Tinjauan Intrinsik Dua Lakon Drama Konvensional dan Inkonvensional Putu Wijaya: Bila Malam Bertambah Malam dan Edan

The result of research shows that Putu Wijaya has been done reformer in writing play drama, that is conventional form become inconventional form. The reformer that Putu Wijaya done in writing play drama can be identified 1) conventional plot commonly linear and intimate, while inconventional plot is random or loose; 2) conventional plot depend on the development of problem and conflict, while inconventional plot problem show and gone without solution; 3) conventional dialog drama is reformed from dialog to show individual character player become dialog that express group character; 4) conventional drama individu player express certain individu character, while inconventional drama player express certain group character; 5) conventional drama have explicit identity and show certain character, while inconventional player known as sociology and physiology identity; and 6) conventional player character so influence the beauty player structure, while inconventional player character the player can’t be growth following the plot.

A new Central European species of the Daphnia curvirostris complex, Daphnia hrbaceki sp. nov. (Cladocera, Anomopoda, Daphniidae)

Although systematics of the cladoceran genus Daphnia (Cladocera: Daphniidae) has been intensively investigated for decades using both morphological and genetic approaches, new lineages are being discovered on all continents, including in well-studied regions. Among Holarctic daphnids, Daphnia curvirostris Eylmann, 1887 held an interesting position, sharing some morphological characters of both the D. pulex and D. longispina groups. Recently, additional species of the D. curvirostris complex have been discovered in the Eastern Palaearctic. Here, we describe a new species in this complex from Central Europe, D. hrbaceki sp. nov. It was discovered in small, newly created fishless pools in the Czech Republic, and an additional sample of apparently the same taxon was collected in 1951 in Slovakia. D. hrbaceki is the closest yet known relative of D. curvirostris, but remains genetically divergent from all members of the complex (based on the sequences of three mitochondrial genes: 12S, COI, and ND2). In general, adult females of this species are morphologically very similar to D. curvirostris. Unlike the latter species, D. hrbaceki may develop a specific hump-shaped dorsal outline of the carapace, presumably an inducible defence against invertebrate predators. Juveniles of the new species occasionally form neckteeth, which may also be retained in adult individuals. The species also shows substantial variation in the size of spines in the middle pecten of the postabdominal claw, similarly as in the Japanese member of the species complex, D. tanakai Ishida, Kotov & Taylor, 2006. This variable character of spine size in the postabdominal middle pecten (a transition from the pulex to the longispina group character), as well as a bent and heavily setulated terminal seta on the male 2nd endopodite (considered as the pulex group character), are typical for the new species. D. hrbaceki also differs from D. curvirostris as well as other members of the complex in the ephippial surface ultrastructure. Our study demonstrates the utility of such ultrastructural characters in Daphnia taxonomical studies.

AKUNTABILITAS PENYELENGGARAAN PENDIDIKAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF ISLAM

This research describes that Islamic education systemconstitute organizing effort processes activity toeducation that has based Islam teaching with passthrough systemic approaching so deep its operationalperform consisting of part system of elementary,intermediate and college who shall have levelsinscholarly quality and technology. Based on histories,itcomes into the world formal education institutes inshaped school or madrasah in Islam to constitute isdevelopment of teaching and education systemhappened since Nabi Saw has gootten at mosque -kuttab, halaqah, suffah-, until became formal institute asschool, madrasah, ma’had danuniversity. New paradigmin education shall can revamp learning paradigm ofteacher oriented to student oriented,direct learning ascolaborative learning to team wor, learning to know toskill,learning that gets to orient to content to learningthat accentuates to process, learning based curriculumto gets life skill, learning gets individual's character tolearning that gets group character, of learning that getscenter at spatial class to learning that gets to society..Keywords: Akuntabilitas, Penyelenggaraan Pendidikan,Pendidikan Islam.

Dialogue and Character Construction

This chapter examines how speech in American independent cinema can be crucial to individual character construction and to the development of group character dynamics. It considers creative naming practices; the ways in which dialogue is used to individuate a character through a personalised speaking style; how nuanced choices of words and phrasing can influence how we perceive and understand characters; selective and racial silencing; and how idioms can be used to represent a group of characters as part of a particular sub-culture. The chapter demonstrates the various ways in which American indie filmmakers can foreground verbal games and debates as a form of action. It also argues that, in keeping with the tendency for such cinema to capture the mundanity of everyday life, dialogue can also be used to create the illusion that characters exist independent of the film world. The analysis includes a case study of Noah Baumbach’s Mistress America (2015).

Narrative Criticism of the Religious Authorities as a Group Character in the Gospel of John: Some Problems

Recent narrative critical studies of the religious authorities in the Fourth Gospel have proposed, first, that the term ‘Jews’ has only one meaning in the Gospel and, second, that ‘the Jews’ and ‘the Pharisees’ constitute a single group character. However, when viewed from a different perspective, the term ‘Jews’ can be said to have three different meanings in the Gospel. Moreover, when viewed from this perspective, the various usages exhibit a remarkable consistency, one not evident when all instances are thought to have the same meaning. If only those instances of ‘the Jews’ that refer to religious authorities are studied from the point of view of narrative analysis, their character exhibits a great homogeneity but at the same time contrasts consistently with the portrayal of the character of ‘the Pharisees’ (together with ‘the chief priests’ and ‘rulers’). This article describes eight ways in which the character of the religious authorities is portrayed differently (and in a contrasting manner) in the two sets of terms, thus indicating that not all instances of the term ‘Jews’ have the same meaning and that the terms for religious authorities do not constitute a single group character, thus raising substantial questions about the proper method for interpreting these texts within the Gospel.