In vivo label-free observation of tumor-related blood vessels in small animals using a newly designed photoacoustic 3D imaging system

Introduction: Photoacoustic technology can be used for non-invasive imaging of blood vessels. In this paper, we report on our prototype photoacoustic imaging system with a newly designed ultrasound sensor and its visualization performance of microvascular in animal. Methods: We fabricated an experimental system for animals using a high-frequency sensor. The system has two modes: still image mode by wide scanning and moving image mode by small rotation of sensor array. Optical test target, euthanized mice and rats, and live mice were used as objects. Results: The results of optical test target showed that the spatial resolution was about 2 times higher than that of our conventional prototype. The image performance in vivo was evaluated in euthanized healthy mice and rats, allowing visualization of detailed blood vessels in the liver and kidneys. In tumor-bearing mice, different results of vascular induction were shown depending on the type of tumor and the method of transplantation. By utilizing the video imaging function, we were able to observe the movement of blood vessels around the tumor. Conclusion: We have demonstrated the feasibility of the system as a less invasive animal experimental device, as it can acquire vascular images in animals in a non-contrast and non-invasive manner.

A comparison of two multiplex-PCR assays for the diagnosis of traveller’s diarrhoea

Background Numerous multiplex-PCR assays are now available in routine diagnostics but their clinical value is controversial if a clear association between clinical symptoms and the detection of a particular pathogen is missing. The objective of this work was to evaluate a multiplex-PCR assay for the diagnosis of traveller’s diarrhoea (TD) in a case-control study and to assess the concordance with the BioFire® FilmArray® Gastrointestinal Panel. Methods Stool samples from cases (n = 61) and controls (n = 30) were collected during travel and analysed by the GI-EB Screening assay (Seegene) in a case-control study. The concordance with the BioFire® FilmArray® Gastrointestinal Panel was expressed as the proportion of participants in which both tests agreed in the category “detected” and “not detected”. Results None of the test-target organisms (Campylobacter spp., Clostridioides difficile toxin A/B, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp./enteroinvasive Escherichia coli, E. coli O157, Shiga toxin-producing E. coli, Yersinia enterocolitica) was significantly associated with TD GI-EB Screening assay. The GI-EB Screening assay had an agreement with the BioFire® FilmArray® of 86.8–100%. Conclusion The selection of test-target organisms included in the GI-EB Screening assay appears inappropriate for the diagnostic work-up of TD as none of the detected pathogens was associated with TD. The GI-EB Screening assay had a good concordance with BioFire® FilmArray®.

KOHESIVITAS KELOMPOK DITINJAU DARI INTERAKSI SOSIAL DAN JENIS KELAMIN PADA ANAK-ANAK PANTI ASUHAN

<p>Penelitian yang dilakukan ini berjudul Kohesivitas Kelompok Ditinjau Dari Interaksi Sosial dan Jenis Kelamin pada Anak-Anak Panti. Permasalahan yang terjadi adalah. anak-anak yang tinggal di panti asuhan dalam kurun waktu yang lama seharusnya memiliki kohesivitas kelompok dan interaksi sosial dengan lingkungan panti asuhan itu sendiri maupun lingkungan sekitarnya. Namun yang terjadi adalah masih saja banyak yang merasa kurang nyaman, kurang betah , kurang motivasi , dan kerjasama serta koordinasi dengan lingkungan panti yang masih dirasa kurang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji secara empiris hubungan antara interaksi sosial dengan kohesivitas kelompok anak-anak panti asuhan dan perbedaan kohesivitas kelompok antara anak panti perempuan dan laki-laki. Sedangkan manfaat dalam penelitian ini adalah diharapkan dapat memberikan masukan mengenai interaksi sosial yang dapat mewujudkan kohesivitas kelompok bagi anak-anak panti asuhan dan bagi pengelola panti, diharapkan dapat menjadi referensi dalam pendampingan anak-anak panti yang berbeda latar belakangnya.</p><p>Sasaran subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah anak-anak panti asuhan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitan ini menggunakan skala Kohesivitas kelompok dan skala interaksi sosial. Analisis data menggunakan korelasi <em>Spearman”s rho</em> dan Mann-Whitney Test. Target yang ingin dicapai adalah anak –anak panti asuhan lebih merasa kohesif tinggal bersama kelompoknya serta mampu berinteraksi sosial dengan baik, baik anak panti laki-laki dan perempuan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara interaksi sosial dengan kohesivitas kelompok pada anak-anak panti asuhan. Semakin baik interaksi sosialnya maka semakin tingg kohesivitas kelompok anak-anak panti asuhan ini dan sebaliknya sehingga hipotesis pertama diterima. Sedang dari hasil uji beda diperoleh bahwa tidak ada perbedaan kohesivitas kelompok pada anak-anak panti perempuan dengan anak-anak panti laki-laki.</p><p>Kata kunci : perilaku prososial, empati, remaja</p>

Analysis of Deauthentication Attack on IEEE 802.11 Connectivity Based on IoT Technology Using External Penetration Test

The research aims to know the level of security of WiFi connectivity against deauthentication attacks on Internet of Things (IoT)-based devices. It is done through testing using an external penetration test method. The external penetration test simulates a real external attack without information about the target system and network given. The process starts from accessing the device through Internet or WiFi by the test target. At the same time, the attacker performs Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks onWiFi. The attacker uses Arduino ESP8266 NodeMCU WiFi with Lua programming. To record WiFi activities, the researchers use CommView for WiFi V. 7.0, and the target is Internet Protocol (IP) camera device. The result shows that the communication of the test target with the gateway is lost, but the Media Access Control (MAC) of the test target is still registered at the gateway. Deauthentication attacks cause communication paralysis, and several changes occur, such as an increase in data rate, and change in frequency channel, Distribution System (DS) status, retry bits in frame management, and the sequence number.

Antinuclear Antibodies Testing Method Variability: A Survey of Participants in the College of American Pathologists’ Proficiency Testing Program

ObjectiveThis study was conducted to determine the spectrum of laboratory practices in antinuclear antibody (ANA) test target, performance, and result reporting.MethodsA questionnaire on ANA testing was distributed by the Diagnostic Immunology and Flow Cytometry Committee of the College of American Pathologists (CAP) to laboratories participating in the 2016 CAP ANA proficiency survey.ResultsOf 5847 survey kits distributed, 1206 (21%) responded. ANA screening method varied: 55% indirect immunofluorescence assay, 21% ELISA, 12% multibead immunoassay, and 18% other methods. The name of the test indicated the method used in only 32% of laboratories; only 39% stated the method used on the report. Of 644 laboratories, 80% used HEp-2 cell substrate, 18% HEp-2000 (HEp-2 cell line engineered to overexpress SSA antigen, Ro60), and 2% other. Slides were prepared manually (67%) or on an automated platform (33%) and examined by direct microscopy (84%) or images captured by an automated platform (16%). Only 50% reported a positive result at the customary 1:40 dilution. Titer was reported to endpoint routinely by 43%, only upon request by 23%, or never by 35%. Of the laboratories, 8% did not report dual patterns. Of those reporting multiple patterns, 23% did not report a titer with each pattern.ConclusionANA methodology and practice, and test naming and reporting varies significantly between laboratories. Lack of uniformity in testing and reporting practice and lack of transparency in communicating the testing method may misdirect clinicians in their management of patients.