scholarly journals TSUNAMI RISK ASSESSMENT OF NIIGATA CITY ACCOUNTING FOR SOIL LIQUEFACTION AND SNOW MELT

2020 ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Shinji Sato ◽  
Takahito Ando ◽  
Yusuke Yamanaka
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Japan Sea ◽  
Large Earthquake ◽  
Soil Liquefaction ◽  
Snow Melt ◽  
Water Level Rise ◽  
The Japan Sea ◽  
Tsunami Risk ◽  
Flooding Risk ◽  
The City

Tsunami risk assessment was conducted for Niigata City, one of the largest cities facing Japan Sea. Niigata City is known as historical port town developed on a low land formed as the delta by the Shinano River and the Agano River. The city is therefore vulnerable for soil liquefaction. In 1964, the city was devastated by a large earthquake in which soil liquefaction and tsunami worsened the damage. In addition, because of the heavy snowfall in winter, like many coastal cities on the Japan Sea side, the water level rise in the Shinano River in the snow-melt season appears to increase the flooding risk of the harbor area. The harbor is protected by a 4 km long breakwater. This study aims to investigate the tsunami risk of the Niigata City considering the collapse of the infrastructures, the soil liquefaction and the tsunami invasion to rivers in the snow-melt period.Recorded Presentation from the vICCE (YouTube Link): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hiBabxOE1Nc

scholarly journals Approaches for tsunami risk assessment and application to the city of Cádiz, Spain

2011 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Jelínek ◽  
E. Krausmann ◽  
M. González ◽  
J. A. Álvarez-Gómez ◽  
J. Birkmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Tsunami Risk ◽  
The City

City and empire – local identity and regional imperialism in 1930s Japan

Urban History ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-133
Author(s):  
JEREMY PHILLIPPS
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Japan Sea ◽  
Local Identity ◽  
Major City ◽  
The Japan Sea ◽  
The City ◽  
Sea Coast

ABSTRACT:The formation of Manchuria in 1932 gave local cities along the Japan Sea coast new hope for development. However, their interpretation of imperialism was in terms of the city rather than the nation. The ways in which these discourses of nation and region played out in ideas of urban development are particularly clear in Kanazawa, the major city on the Japan Sea coast, in the rhetoric surrounding the presentation of empire and region in its exposition that spring.

Potential tsunami risk assessment to the city of Alexandria, Egypt

2018 ◽  
Vol 190 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamdouh M. El-Hattab ◽  
Soha A. Mohamed ◽  
M. El Raey
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Tsunami Risk ◽  
The City

scholarly journals Рециркуляция вод залива Петра Великого Японского моря вследствие осеннего муссона

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
TALGAT KILMATOV ◽  
ALEXANDER LAZARYUK
Keyword(s):  
Time Scale ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Japan Sea ◽  
Energy Estimates ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Tidal Effects ◽  
Amursky Bay ◽  
Drift Current ◽  
The Japan Sea ◽  
The City

Представлены данные натурных наблюдений (2010, 2019 гг.) вод Амурского залива с целью анализа влияния осеннего муссона на циркуляцию вод. Показано, что в осенний период происходит процесс замещения вод залива свежими морскими водами вследствие рециркуляции с Японским морем. На основе модели полных потоков приведены временные масштабы этого процесса – несколько дней. Проводятся сравнительные модельные оценки влияния ветрового, термогалинного и приливного эффектов на процесс рециркуляции. Отмечается доминирующий процесс – вынос вод из залива вследствие дрейфового течения, генерируемого ветрами северных румбов. Важность представленного эффекта – природная очистка вод прилегающих к г. Владивостоку акваторий в осенний период. Прикладной эффект – учет сезонного фактора при планировании и эксплуатации объектов, имеющих антропогенное воздействие на прилегающие к г. Владивостоку заливы и бухты. The data of field observations (2010, 2019) and model estimates it is shown that during the autumn monsoon, the waters of Amursky Bay are rapidly replaced with fresh cold water of the Japan Sea. The time scale of the process is several days. Comparative energy estimates of the wind, thermohaline, and tidal effects on the process are given. The main reason is the removal of water from the bay as a result of the drift current generated by the winds of the northern directs. The importance of the effect is seasonal natural cleaning of the water areas surrounding the city of Vladivostok.

scholarly journals An Alternative Risk Assessment Model of Urban Waterlogging: A Case Study of Ningbo City

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 826
Author(s):  
Meiling Zhou ◽  
Xiuli Feng ◽  
Kaikai Liu ◽  
Chi Zhang ◽  
Lijian Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Risk Assessments ◽  
Risk Assessment Model ◽  
Risk Area ◽  
The North ◽  
Coastal Cities ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
The City

Influenced by climate change, extreme weather events occur frequently, and bring huge impacts to urban areas, including urban waterlogging. Conducting risk assessments of urban waterlogging is a critical step to diagnose problems, improve infrastructure and achieve sustainable development facing extreme weathers. This study takes Ningbo, a typical coastal city in the Yangtze River Delta, as an example to conduct a risk assessment of urban waterlogging with high-resolution remote sensing images and high-precision digital elevation models to further analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of waterlogging risk. Results indicate that waterlogging risk in the city proper of Ningbo is mainly low risk, accounting for 36.9%. The higher-risk and medium-risk areas have the same proportions, accounting for 18.7%. They are followed by the lower-risk and high-risk areas, accounting for 15.5% and 9.6%, respectively. In terms of space, waterlogging risk in the city proper of Ningbo is high in the south and low in the north. The high-risk area is mainly located to the west of Jiangdong district and the middle of Haishu district. The low-risk area is mainly distributed in the north of Jiangbei district. These results are consistent with the historical situation of waterlogging in Ningbo, which prove the effectiveness of the risk assessment model and provide an important reference for the government to prevent and mitigate waterlogging. The optimized risk assessment model is also of importance for waterlogging risk assessments in coastal cities. Based on this model, the waterlogging risk of coastal cities can be quickly assessed, combining with local characteristics, which will help improve the city’s capability of responding to waterlogging disasters and reduce socio-economic loss.

scholarly journals Geochemical Mapping, Risk Assessment, and Source Identification of Heavy Metals in Road Dust Using Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF)

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 614
Author(s):  
Muhammad Faisal ◽  
Zening Wu ◽  
Huiliang Wang ◽  
Zafar Hussain ◽  
Chenyang Shen
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Matrix Factorization ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
Road Dust ◽  
Positive Matrix Factorization ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Positive Matrix ◽  
The City

Heavy metals in road dust pose a significant threat to human health. This study investigated the concentrations, patterns, and sources of eight hazardous heavy metals (Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb, and Hg) in the street dust of Zhengzhou city of PR China. Fifty-eight samples of road dust were analyzed based on three methods of risk assessment, i.e., Geo-Accumulation Index (Igeo), Potential Ecological Risk Assessment (RI), and Nemerow Synthetic Pollution Index (PIN). The results exhibited higher concentrations of Hg and Cd 14 and 7 times higher than their background values, respectively. Igeo showed the risks of contamination in a range of unpolluted (Cr, Ni) to strongly polluted (Hg and Cd) categories. RI came up with the contamination ranges from low (Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, and Pb) to extreme (Cd and Hg) risk of contamination. The risk of contamination based on PIN was from safe (Cu, As, and Pb) to seriously high (Cd and Hg). The results yielded by PIN indicated the extreme risk of Cd and Hg in the city. Positive Matrix Factorization was used to identify the sources of contamination. Factor 1 (vehicular exhaust), Factor 2 (coal combustion), Factor 3 (metal industry), and Factor 4 (anthropogenic activities), respectively, contributed 14.63%, 35.34%, 36.14%, and 13.87% of total heavy metal pollution. Metal’s presence in the dust is a direct health risk for humans and warrants immediate and effective pollution control and prevention measures in the city.

scholarly journals Conception and Evolution of the Probabilistic Methods for Ship Damage Stability and Flooding Risk Assessment

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 667
Author(s):  
Dracos Vassalos ◽  
M. P. Mujeeb-Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Probabilistic Method ◽  
Probabilistic Methods ◽  
Full Description ◽  
Safety Level ◽  
Probability Of Survival ◽  
Damage Stability ◽  
Passenger Ships ◽  
Flooding Hazards ◽  
Flooding Risk

The paper provides a full description and explanation of the probabilistic method for ship damage stability assessment from its conception to date with focus on the probability of survival (s-factor), explaining pertinent assumptions and limitations and describing its evolution for specific application to passenger ships, using contemporary numerical and experimental tools and data. It also provides comparisons in results between statistical and direct approaches and makes recommendations on how these can be reconciled with better understanding of the implicit assumptions in the approach for use in ship design and operation. Evolution over the latter years to support pertinent regulatory developments relating to flooding risk (safety level) assessment as well as research in this direction with a focus on passenger ships, have created a new focus that combines all flooding hazards (collision, bottom and side groundings) to assess potential loss of life as a means of guiding further research and developments on damage stability for this ship type. The paper concludes by providing recommendations on the way forward for ship damage stability and flooding risk assessment.

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