scholarly journals WAVE TESTS OF REVETMENT USING MACHINE-PRODUCED INTERLOCKING BLOCKS

1966 ◽  
Vol 1 (10) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Jay V. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Concrete Block ◽  
Breaking Waves ◽  
Vertical Movement ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Shore Protection ◽  
Individual Property ◽  
Large Wave ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
The Individual

Continued demand for relatively low-cost shore protection, in bays, estuaries, and comparable bodies of water has resulted in accelerated investigation in this area. Further, there is a great demand for a system that can be constructed by the individual property owner without recourse to a contractor or special construction equipment. Work along these lines gained impetus through the successful installation of a light-weight concrete-block revetment in 1962. This paper reports on the further development of light-weight block revetments through tests in the Large Wave Tank at Coastal Engineering Research Center (CERC). Two types of blocks were tested on a 1 on 2 slope, one a machine-produced tongue-and-groove type weighing 75 pounds, and the other a hand-produced shiplap type weighing 150 pounds, the latter having twice the surface area of the former. In all, ten tests were made with wave heights ranging from 1.5 to 6.2 feet and wave periods ranging from 3.0 to 6.0 seconds. During the tests observations were made regarding the displacement of blocks and the vertical movement of the face of the slope when attacked by waves. Data derived from the tests have provided information which has resulted in the development of a machine-produced block which remained stable under the continuous attack of 4.7-second 4.8-foot breaking waves. Comparative tests showed that the machine-produced tongue-and-groove blocks have greater stability than the hand-produced shiplap type.

scholarly journals FULL-SCALE WAVE ATTACK OF UNIFORMLY SLOPING SEA DYKES

1988 ◽  
Vol 1 (21) ◽  
pp. 161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfred Fuhrboter ◽  
Uwe Sparboom
Keyword(s):  
Concrete Block ◽  
Breaking Waves ◽  
Shock Pressure ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
Large Wave ◽  
Wave Channel ◽  
Initial Block ◽  
New Research ◽  
Geotextile Filter

Shock pressure phenomena due to breaking waves acting on sloping faces of sea dykes are focussed in this paper. The probability approach is pointed out and maximum shock pressure estimations are given for smooth and impermeable dyke slopes 1:4 and 1:6. An extension of the results to steeper and flatter slopes is proposed. Results of full-scale stability tests on concrete block slope revetments are also reported in this paper. For various structural solutions with granular and geotextile filter layers stability numbers are recommended. Initial block lifting is explained physically by pressure measurements. The full-scale experiments were carried out in the new research facility LARGE WAVE CHANNEL of the universities in Hannover and Braunschweig (Federal Republic of Germany).

Retrospective on the 1970’s “Low Cost Shore Protection” program

Shore & Beach ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 3-12
Author(s):  
Joan Pope
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Erosion ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Coastal Engineering ◽  
Shoreline Erosion ◽  
Shore Protection ◽  
Demonstration Program ◽  
Alternative Approaches ◽  
The U.S

In the 1970s, the U.S. Congress authorized and funded a five-year demonstration program on low-cost methods for shore protection called the “U.S. Army Engineers Shoreline Erosion Control Demonstration (Section 54) Program.” The Section 54 also known as the “Low-Cost Shore Protection” demonstration program is revisited. Demonstration and monitoring sites including the materials, devices, vegetative plantings, approaches tested, and program findings are discussed. Simply put, a major finding of the Section 54 program was that the concept of “low-cost shore protection” was a bit naïve. However, the program did lead to a wealth of public information documents and practical coastal engineering lessons that are still resonating as home owners, communities, and engineers consider alternative approaches for managing coastal erosion. The program structure and findings are applicable 40 years later as consideration is given toward the use of Natural and Nature-based Features (NNBF) for addressing coastal erosion. Evolution in thought relative to coastal erosion and shoreline enhancement activities since the 1970s has built upon many of the lessons and concepts of the Section 54 program and other real-world coastal erosion management success-failure experiences. This growth has led to a modern appreciation that those features that emulate NNBF are promising and responsible alternative coastal erosion management strategies if proper engineering standard elements of design are included in the project.

Fused Ambipolar Aza-isoindigos with NIR absorption

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liping Yao ◽  
Danlei Zhu ◽  
Hailiang Liao ◽  
Sheik Haseena ◽  
Mahesh kumar Ravva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Semiconductors ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
The Past ◽  
Pi Conjugated ◽  
Nir Absorption ◽  
Conjugated Organic Semiconductors

Due to their advantages of low-cost, light-weight, and mechanical flexibility, much attention has been focused on pi-conjugated organic semiconductors. In the past decade, although many materials with high performance has...

Detecting Wormhole Attack on Data Aggregation in Hierarchical WSN

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukesh Kumar ◽  
Kamlesh Dutta
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Data Aggregation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Attack Detection ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Network Data ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Malicious Node ◽  
Combine Data ◽  
Wormhole Attack

Wireless networks are used by everyone for their convenience for transferring packets from one node to another without having a static infrastructure. In WSN, there are some nodes which are light weight, small in size, having low computation overhead, and low cost known as sensor nodes. In literature, there exists many secure data aggregation protocols available but they are not sufficient to detect the malicious node. The authors require a better security mechanism or a technique to secure the network. Data aggregation is an essential paradigm in WSN. The idea is to combine data coming from different source nodes in order to achieve energy efficiency. In this paper, the authors proposed a protocol for worm hole attack detection during data aggregation in WSN. Main focus is on wormhole attack detection and its countermeasures.

scholarly journals LONGSHORE TRANSPORT AT A TOTAL LITTORAL BARRIER

1976 ◽  
Vol 1 (15) ◽  
pp. 70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard O. Bruno ◽  
Christopher G. Gable
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Coastal Engineering ◽  
Channel Islands ◽  
Shore Protection ◽  
Material Transport ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
Longshore Sediment Transport ◽  
Longshore Transport

Analysis of longshore transport at a littoral barrier is presented. Channel Islands Harbor, California was selected as the study site because its offshore breakwater and jetties form a unique complete littoral barrier. Through repetitive surveys an accurate determination of longshore material transport in one direction was made. Measured transport rates ranged from 160,000 to 1,284,000 cubic meters per year. Utilizing visual observations of surf parameters, estimates of longshore wave thrust were computed. The range of wave thrust was 145 to 1,988 Newtons per meter. Comparison of the relation of wave thrust and longshore sediment transport is made. This study indicates that in an environment of high transport, nearly twice as much transport is predicted tinder corresponding wave thrust as that of the data summarized in the Coastal Engineering Research Center's Shore Protection Manual.

scholarly journals An Alpine Malaise trap

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shasta Claire Henry ◽  
Peter B. McQuillan ◽  
James B. Kirkpatrick
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Rough Terrain ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Malaise Trap ◽  
Remote Locations ◽  
Insect Trap ◽  
Rapid Deployment ◽  
Alpine Environments ◽  
Malaise Traps

The Southernmost region of Australia, the island of Tasmania, is also the most mountainous, with large areas of rugged alpine environments. This entomological frontier offers a distinct suite of insects for study including many endemic taxa. However, harsh weather, remote locations and rough terrain represent an environment too extreme for many existing insect trap designs. We report here on the design and efficacy of a new Alpine Malaise Trap (AMT), which can be readily hybridised with several other common insect trapping techniques. Advantages of the design include its light weight and portability, low cost, robustness, rapid deployment and long autonomous sampling period. The AMT was field tested in the Tasmanian highlands (AUST) in 2017. A total of 16 orders were collected. As expected, samples are dominated by Diptera. However, the trap also collected a range of flightless taxa including endemic and apterous species, Apteropanorpatasmanica – closest relative of the boreal, snow scorpionflies (Boreidae). Combined and compared with other trap types the Alpine Malaise Traps captured less specimens but of a greater diversity than passive sticky traps, while drop traps captured less specimens but a greater diversity than AMT. The statistical potential of the catch is discussed.

scholarly journals The Forensic Engineers Role in Eminent Domain Valuation Disputes

1991 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne H. Coloney
Keyword(s):  
Eminent Domain ◽  
Individual Property ◽  
Property Owner ◽  
The Individual

It can be stated with assurance that the forensic engineer plays a vital and important role in Eminent Domain valuation disputes and that his services are of great value both to the tax paying public and to the individual property owner. Practice in Eminent Domain is constantly challenging, infinitely varied and substantially rewarding.

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