scholarly journals Predictors of first incidence of alcohol use disorders in the Lundby cohort from 1947-1997

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-267
Author(s):  
Cecilia Mattisson ◽  
Mats Bogren ◽  
Vibeke Horstmann ◽  
Leif Öjesjö
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Field Investigations ◽  
Incidence Studies

Mattisson, C., Bogren, M., Horstmann, V., & Öjesjö, L. (2014). Predictors of first incidence of alcohol use disorders in the Lundby cohort from 1947-1997. The International Journal Of Alcohol And Drug Research, 3(4), 257-267. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.7895/ijadr.v3i4.185Objective: Epidemiological evidence indicates an inverse relationship between socio-economic status (SES) and alcohol use disorder (AUD), although there are relatively few recent incidence studies. The present study aimed to assess the incidence of AUD by age, gender and SES and to analyse AUD’s association with mental disorder.Method: Information about mental disorders, including first incidence cases of AUD, was assessed in the Lundby cohort (n=3,563) by field investigations in 1947, 1957, 1972 and 1997. Incidence calculations were based on 3,372 individuals without prior AUD. For the two genders, age-standardised incidences of AUD for the 25-year periods of 1947-1972 and 1972-1997 were compared. Possible risk factors for incident AUD were analysed by means of Cox regression analyses for the whole sample and for each sex separately.Results: A total of 233 first incidence AUD cases were detected (198 males, 35 females. Incidence rates, expressed as number of cases per 1000 person years, were highest for working class males at 5.46 cases per 1000 person years for the period 1 of July 1947, to 30 June 1972 and 4.77 for the period 1 of July 1972 to 30 June 1997, respectively. Middle class males showed intermediate incidence rates of 2.73 and 2.65. Self-employed males showed the lowest incidence rates of 2.50 and 1.47. Females generally had much lower incidence, although they showed a non-significant tendency for higher incidence rates in the latter period. A diagnosis of depressive disorders, anxiety disorders and unspecific neurotic states increased the risk for developing first incident AUD.Conclusion: Working class males had higher annual incidence of alcoholism in both time periods relative to middle class and self-employed males. Mental disorder increased the risk for AUD among both genders.

scholarly journals The influence of the comorbidity between depression and alcohol use disorder on suicidal behaviors in the São Paulo Epidemiologic Catchment Area Study, Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 396-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Mendonça Coêlho ◽  
Laura Helena Andrade ◽  
Francisco Bevilacqua Guarniero ◽  
Yuan-Pang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Major Depressive Episode ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
And Gender

OBJECTIVE: To investigate in a community sample the association of suicide-related cognitions and behaviors ("thoughts of death", "desire for death", "suicidal thoughts", and "suicidal attempts") with the comorbidity of depressive disorders (major depressive episode or dysthymia) and alcohol or substance use disorders. METHOD: The sample was 1464 subjects interviewed in their homes using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview to generate DSM-III-R diagnosis. Descriptive statistics depicted the prevalence of suicide-related cognitions and behaviors by socio-demographic variables and diagnoses considered (major depressive episode, dysthymia, alcohol or substance use disorders). We performed a multivariate logistic regression analysis to estimate the effect of comorbid major depressive episode/dysthymia and alcohol or substance use disorders on each of the suicide-related cognitions and behaviors. RESULTS: The presence of major depressive episode and dysthymia was significantly associated with suicide-related cognitions and behaviors. In the regression models, suicide-related cognitions and behaviors were predicted by major depressive episode (OR = range 2.3-9.2) and dysthymia (OR = range 5.1-32.6), even in the presence of alcohol use disorders (OR = range 2.3-4.0) or alcohol or substance use disorders (OR = range 2.7-2.8). The interaction effect was observed between major depressive episode and alcohol use disorders, as well as between dysthymia and gender. Substance use disorders were excluded from most of the models. CONCLUSION: Presence of major depressive episode and dysthymia influences suicide-related cognitions and behaviors, independently of the presence of alcohol or substance use disorders. However, alcohol use disorders and gender interact with depressive disorders, displaying a differential effect on suicide-related cognitions and behaviors.

scholarly journals The Emerging Role of LHb CaMKII in the Comorbidity of Depressive and Alcohol Use Disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 8123
Author(s):  
Chaya Shor ◽  
Wanhong Zuo ◽  
Jean D. Eloy ◽  
Jiang-Hong Ye
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Lateral Habenula ◽  
Calcium Calmodulin Dependent ◽  
Targeted Treatments ◽  
Serotonin Neurons ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Core Components ◽  
Dependent Protein

Depressive disorders and alcohol use disorders are widespread among the general population and are significant public health and economic burdens. Alcohol use disorders often co-occur with other psychiatric conditions and this dual diagnosis is called comorbidity. Depressive disorders invariably contribute to the development and worsening of alcohol use disorders, and vice versa. The mechanisms underlying these disorders and their comorbidities remain unclear. Recently, interest in the lateral habenula, a small epithalamic brain structure, has increased because it becomes hyperactive in depression and alcohol use disorders, and can inhibit dopamine and serotonin neurons in the midbrain reward center, the hypofunction of which is believed to be a critical contributor to the etiology of depressive disorders and alcohol use disorders as well as their comorbidities. Additionally, calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) in the lateral habenula has emerged as a critical player in the etiology of these comorbidities. This review analyzes the interplay of CaMKII signaling in the lateral habenula associated with depressive disorders and alcohol use disorders, in addition to the often-comorbid nature of these disorders. Although most of the CaMKII signaling pathway’s core components have been discovered, much remains to be learned about the biochemical events that propagate and link between depression and alcohol abuse. As the field rapidly advances, it is expected that further understanding of the pathology involved will allow for targeted treatments.

scholarly journals Perceived Stress, Depression and Alcohol Use Disorders in College Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Socio-Economic Dimension

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Gavurova ◽  
Viera Ivankova ◽  
Martin Rigelsky
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Significant Positive Effect ◽  
Excessive Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Economic Dimension ◽  
Positive Effect

The objective of the study was to examine the effects of perceived stress on depression and subsequently to examine the effects of depression on alcohol use disorders. The data were obtained by an electronic questionnaire survey during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic (n=1523 Slovak college students). Descriptive, regression and correlation analysis were used in the analytical processing, while the analyses included students' scores in three diagnostic tools (Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Patient Health Questionnaire for depression (PHQ 9) and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT)), as well as gender and income characteristics. The PSS identified an increased level of perceived stress in female students, in contrast, the AUDIT showed an increased level of alcohol use disorders in male students. Differences in mental and behavioural disorders between the gender and income categories were significant in most of the analysed cases. In terms of gender-income characteristics, it was possible to confirm a significant positive effect of the PSS score on the PHQ 9 score, as well as a significant positive effect of the PHQ 9 score on the AUDIT score. As a result, efforts to reduce stress will be reflected in a reduction of depressive disorders as well as a reduction of excessive alcohol consumption among students.

scholarly journals Social Gradients in Alcohol Use Disorders with and without Depression: Immigrants vs Norwegians

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Leonhardt ◽  
D Shawel Abebe
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Social Gradient ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic

Abstract Background The social gradient in health runs from top to bottom of the socioeconomic spectrum. Poverty is associated with poor health and problematic unhealthy behaviors. Depression is strongly associated with social inequalities, while alcohol use disorders are not necessarily associated with a low socio economic status. Immigrants often have a lower social economic status than the host population. Research regarding alcohol use disorders, depression and a social gradient among immigrants is scare. The present study explores social gradients in persons with alcohol use disorders with and without depression and examines potential discrepancies between immigrant and native Norwegian patients receiving public specialist health care. Methods Data of 2.4 million native Norwegians and 468.496 immigrants, registered in the national mandatory Norwegian Patient Register and population data from Statistics Norway were analyzed. ICD 10 main diagnoses were used to identify patient groups - at least diagnosed once during 2008 - 2016. Immigrants had been pooled into 5 world regions. Logistic regression models have been applied to show associations between socio demographics/regions and alcohol use disorders and/or depression. Results African (OR = 0.35; 95%CI:0.27-0.44) and Asian (OR = 0.23; 95%CI:0.16-0.32) immigrants had a lower risk of developing alcohol use disorders with depression than Western Europeans (OR = 0.76; 95% CI:0.60-0.98), using native Norwegians as a reference. In general, persons with a lower socioeconomic status are more often affected of alcohol use disorder only (OR = 3.77; 95%CI:3.64-3.91) than with alcohol use disorder and concurrent depression (OR = 3.52; 95%CI:3.25-3.83). Conclusions To detect possible deficits in patient care, knowledge of social gradients in a marginalized group such as persons with alcohol use disorders and/or depression is essential. This may contribute to targeted and individualized health care- regardless of immigrant status. Key messages The risk of developing alcohol use disorders with depression varies between immigrants according to their origin. Persons with a lower socioeconomic status are more often affected of alcohol use disorder only than with alcohol use disorder and concurrent depression.

scholarly journals Remission from Alcohol Use Disorder among Males in the Lundby Cohort during 1947–1997

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Cecilia Mattisson ◽  
Mats Bogren ◽  
Vibeke Horstmann ◽  
Leif Öjesjö ◽  
Louise Brådvik
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Remission Rate ◽  
Delirium Tremens ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
White Collar ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Blue Collar ◽  
Major Health Problem

Background. Alcohol use disorders are a major health problem, often with a chronic course. Studies on remission from alcohol use disorders are sparse. Objective. The aim of this study was to analyse the rate of remission from AUD and the possible influence of other mental disorders and sociodemographic factors on the remission in the Lundby Cohort. Method. Remission from AUD was studied for 312 male subjects in the Lundby Cohort, which was followed for 50 years. Cox regression analyses were used to study the possible influence of sociodemographic variables and other mental disorders on AUD remission. Results. In all, 64/312 (21%) subjects achieved remission during the study period. The presence of a severe mental disorder, such as delirium tremens and organic disorders, was related to remission. Blue-collar workers had higher rates of remission than white-collar workers. There was indication that treatment improved the prognosis. Conclusions. The overall remission rate was low, but treatment may improve the prognosis. Severe mental disorders, such as delirium tremens and organic disorders as well as being blue-collar rather than white-collar worker, were related to remission.

scholarly journals Relationships between Perceived Stress, Depression and Alcohol Use Disorders in University Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Socio-Economic Dimension

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 8853
Author(s):  
Beata Gavurova ◽  
Viera Ivankova ◽  
Martin Rigelsky
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
University Students ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Significant Positive Effect ◽  
Excessive Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Economic Dimension ◽  
Positive Effect

The objective of the study was to examine the effects of perceived stress on depression and subsequently to examine the effects of depression on alcohol use disorders. The data were obtained by an electronic questionnaire survey during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic (n = 1523 Slovak university students). Descriptive, regression, and correlation analysis were used in the analytical processing, while the analyses included students’ scores in three diagnostic tools (Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Patient Health Questionnaire for depression (PHQ 9), and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT)), as well as gender and income characteristics. The PSS identified an increased level of perceived stress in female students, while in contrast, the AUDIT showed an increased level of alcohol use disorders in male students. Differences in mental and behavioural disorders between the gender and income categories were significant in most of the analysed cases. In terms of gender-income characteristics, it was possible to confirm a significant positive effect of the PSS score on the PHQ 9 score, as well as a significant positive effect of the PHQ 9 score on the AUDIT score. As a result, efforts to reduce stress will be reflected in a reduction of depressive disorders as well as a reduction of excessive alcohol consumption among students.

743 Differences in the prevalence of sleep disturbance and associated risk factors in alcohol use disorders and major depression

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A290-A290
Author(s):  
Bhanu Prakash Kolla ◽  
Brandon Coombes ◽  
Meghna Mansukhani ◽  
Joanna Biernacka
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Sleep Disruption ◽  
Diagnostic Categories

Abstract Introduction Sleep disruption is common in patients with alcohol use disorders (AUD) and major depressive disorders (MDD). Our understanding of the differences in the rates of sleep disturbance and overall sleep duration in patients with AUD, MDD, and comorbid AUD and MDD is limited. Furthermore, it is unknown whether there is variation in demographic and clinical characteristics associated with sleep disturbance and duration in these diagnostic groups. Methods This study utilized data from the UK Biobank (UKB). Depression status was determined based on review of International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes and health records. AUD status was based on AUDIT scores (score ≥8 was defined as AUD) and sleep disturbance was evaluated utilizing a self-reported questionnaire. The sample was categorized into those with MDD alone (MDD+/AUD-)(n=18,154), AUD alone (MDD-/AUD+)(n=6123), both (MDD+/AUD+)(n=9027), and controls with neither (MDD-/AUD-)(n=27,573). We used generalized linear models (GLMs) to compare rates of sleep disruption and duration among the groups and determine the clinical predictors of sleep disturbance/duration in the four groups as well as test whether these factors differed among the groups. Results The prevalence of sleep disturbance in the control sample (MDD-/AUD-) was 26.4% and the self-reported sleep duration in this sample was 7.209±0.919. Subjects with AUD and/or MDD had greater rates of sleep disturbance and shorter sleep duration. Among the different diagnostic categories, the prevalence of sleep disturbance was highest in subjects with MDD+/AUD+ (36.5%) followed by those with MDD+/AUD- (35.6%) and MDD-/AUD+ (27.9%)(all p<0.0001). Similarly, the sleep duration was shortest in subjects with MDD+/AUD+ (7.143±1.016), followed by MDD+/AUD- (7.158±1.050) and by MDD-/AUD+ (7.202±0.891)(all p<0.0001). Subjects with sleep disturbance were more likely to be older, female, and with higher body mass index, Townsend deprivation index, and neuroticism scores across all four groups (all p<0.05). Conclusion In a large population-based cohort, MDD with and without comorbid AUD was associated with greater rates of sleep disturbance and shorter sleep duration than AUD alone. The clinical and demographic factors associated with sleep disturbance did not differ in these diagnostic categories, indicating possible similar underlying risk factors. Support (if any) NA

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