scholarly journals Remission from Alcohol Use Disorder among Males in the Lundby Cohort during 1947–1997

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Cecilia Mattisson ◽  
Mats Bogren ◽  
Vibeke Horstmann ◽  
Leif Öjesjö ◽  
Louise Brådvik
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Remission Rate ◽  
Delirium Tremens ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
White Collar ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Blue Collar ◽  
Major Health Problem

Background. Alcohol use disorders are a major health problem, often with a chronic course. Studies on remission from alcohol use disorders are sparse. Objective. The aim of this study was to analyse the rate of remission from AUD and the possible influence of other mental disorders and sociodemographic factors on the remission in the Lundby Cohort. Method. Remission from AUD was studied for 312 male subjects in the Lundby Cohort, which was followed for 50 years. Cox regression analyses were used to study the possible influence of sociodemographic variables and other mental disorders on AUD remission. Results. In all, 64/312 (21%) subjects achieved remission during the study period. The presence of a severe mental disorder, such as delirium tremens and organic disorders, was related to remission. Blue-collar workers had higher rates of remission than white-collar workers. There was indication that treatment improved the prognosis. Conclusions. The overall remission rate was low, but treatment may improve the prognosis. Severe mental disorders, such as delirium tremens and organic disorders as well as being blue-collar rather than white-collar worker, were related to remission.

scholarly journals The role of mental disorders in the risk and speed of transition to alcohol use disorders among community youth

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 1073-1085 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Behrendt ◽  
K. Beesdo-Baum ◽  
P. Zimmermann ◽  
M. Höfler ◽  
A. Perkonigg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Social Phobia ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Externalizing Disorders ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Rapid Transition ◽  
Dsm Iv

BackgroundAmong adolescents and young adults with DSM-IV alcohol use disorders (AUDs), there are inter-individual differences in the speed of transition from initial alcohol use (AU) to AUD. AUDs are highly co-morbid with other mental disorders. The factors associated with rapid transition from first AU to AUD remain unknown and the role of mental disorders in rapid transitions is unclear. Given this background we examined (1) whether prior anxiety, mood, externalizing and non-alcohol substance use disorders are related to the risk and speed of transition from first AU to DSM-IV alcohol abuse (AA) and alcohol dependence (AD) and (2) whether early age of onset of prior mental disorders (PMDs) is a promoter of rapid transition.MethodA total of 3021 community subjects (97.7% lifetime AU) aged 14–24 years at baseline were followed up prospectively for up to 10 years. AU and mental disorders were assessed with the DSM-IV/M-CIDI.ResultsAmong subjects with lifetime AU, several PMDs, such as specific phobia, bipolar disorder and nicotine dependence, were associated with an increased risk of AUD independent of externalizing disorders. Associations of PMDs with the speed of transition to AUDs were mostly weak and inconsistent. Only social phobia and externalizing disorders were associated with faster transitions to AD even after adjustment for other PMDs. Earlier age of onset of PMD was not associated with rapid transition.ConclusionsMental disorders are associated with the risk of AUD. With the possible exception of social phobia and externalizing disorders, they do not promote rapid transition, even if they occur particularly early. Future research needs to identify factors relevant to rapid transition to AUD.

Mental Health of Protective Services Workers: Results From the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher N. Kaufmann ◽  
Lainie Rutkow ◽  
Adam P. Spira ◽  
Ramin Mojtabai
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Protective Services ◽  
Potentially Traumatic Events ◽  
Epidemiologic Survey

AbstractObjectivesTo determine the prevalence of mental disorders in a nationally representative sample of protective services workers (PSWs), compare it to that of adults in other occupations, and determine if an association exists between trauma exposure and 3-year incident psychiatric disorders in PSWs.MethodsData from the longitudinal US National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions waves 1 (fielded 2001-2002) and 2 (fielded 2004-2005) were used to compare the prevalence of mental disorders at baseline in a representative sample of PSWs to that of adults in other occupations. Among PSWs, we also explored the association between recent exposure to potentially traumatic events and the development of mood, anxiety, and alcohol-use disorders over a 3-year follow-up period.ResultsAt baseline, PSWs had a lifetime prevalence of mental and alcohol-use disorders similar to that of adults in other occupations. However, PSWs experienced a greater variety of potentially traumatic events between baseline and follow-up. Exposure to a greater number of different trauma types was associated with increased odds of incident mood (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.87, 95% CI = 1.09-3.22, P = .024), and alcohol-use disorders (AOR = 1.84, 95% CI = 1.16-2.91, P = .011). These associations were particularly strong among early career PSWs who joined the profession between waves 1 and 2 (AOR = 2.30, 95% CI = 1.26-4.19, P = .008, for mood disorders; AOR = 2.44, 95% CI = 1.30-4.58, P = .007, for alcohol-use disorders).ConclusionsWhile PSWs do not appear to have a higher prevalence of mental health problems than workers in other occupations, they are more likely to experience multiple types of potentially traumatic events. PSWs who are exposed to multiple types of potentially traumatic events are at increased risk of developing new mental disorders, particularly in the early stages of their careers. Developing curricula in coping skills and providing timely interventions for early career PSWs may help reduce future psychiatric morbidity in these workers. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2013;7:36-45)

scholarly journals Peptic Ulcer and Mental Disorders Among Adults in the Community: The Role of Nicotine and Alcohol Use Disorders

2009 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renee D. Goodwin ◽  
Katherine M. Keyes ◽  
Murray B. Stein ◽  
Nicholas J. Talley
Keyword(s):  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders

scholarly journals Mortality in people with depressive, anxiety and alcohol use disorders in Finland

2012 ◽  
Vol 200 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niina Markkula ◽  
Tommi Härkänen ◽  
Jonna Perälä ◽  
Krista Partti ◽  
Sebastián Peña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Somatic Health

BackgroundMental disorders are associated with increased mortality, but population-based surveys with reliable diagnostic procedures controlling for somatic health status are scarce.AimsTo assess excess mortality associated with depressive, anxiety and alcohol use disorders and the principal causes of death.MethodIn a nationally representative sample of Finns aged 30–70 years, psychiatric disorders were diagnosed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. After an 8-year follow-up period, vital status and cause of death of each participant was obtained from national registers.ResultsAfter adjusting for sociodemographic factors, health status and smoking, depressive (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.97) and alcohol use disorders (HR = 1.72) were statistically significantly associated with mortality. Risk of unnatural death was increased among individuals diagnosed with anxiety disorders or alcohol dependence.ConclusionsIndividuals with depressive and alcohol use disorders have an increased mortality risk comparable with many chronic somatic conditions, that is only partly attributable to differences in sociodemographic, somatic health status and hazardous health behaviour.

scholarly journals Repetitive negative thinking: transdiagnostic correlate and risk factor for mental disorders? A proof-of-concept study in German soldiers before and after deployment to Afghanistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrin V. Hummel ◽  
Sebastian Trautmann ◽  
John Venz ◽  
Sarah Thomas ◽  
Judith Schäfer
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Repetitive Negative Thinking ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Comorbid Disorder ◽  
Negative Thinking

Abstract Background and objectives Disorder-specific forms of Repetitive Negative Thinking (RNT) are associated with multiple diagnostic categories, indicating a transdiagnostic nature. Few studies examined content-independent RNT processes across groups of diagnosed mental disorders. Moreover, theory describes RNT processes as critically involved in the etiology of mental disorders, empirical evidence however is scarce. We first tested the transdiagnostic nature by examining levels of RNT across groups of internalizing and externalizing mental disorders compared to healthy individuals and explored RNT levels in a comorbid disorder-group. Second, we examined whether RNT predicts incident psychopathology. Methods In a sample of German soldiers (n = 425) scheduled for deployment in Afghanistan, we compared RNT levels between diagnosed groups with alcohol use disorders, anxiety disorders and healthy individuals cross-sectionally. Exploratory analyses were conducted comparing a comorbid disorder-group to healthy individuals and to both single-disorder-groups. Longitudinally, we examined the predictive value of pre-deployment RNT levels for incident psychopathology after deployment (n = 167). RNT was measured using the Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire (PTQ), DSM-IV diagnoses were assessed using the standardized Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). Results Cross-sectional comparisons revealed that soldiers with alcohol use disorders and anxiety disorders showed significantly higher degrees of RNT compared to healthy soldiers. RNT levels in those with comorbid disorders were significantly higher compared to healthy soldiers but also compared to both single-disorder-groups. Longitudinal analyses revealed that higher levels of RNT prior to deployment were associated with a higher risk to have any incidental mental disorder after deployment. This however is only attributable to individuals with a PTQ score above a cut-off of 15. Conclusions Findings provide evidence for RNT as a transdiagnostic correlate and a vulnerability factor for the development of mental disorders.

Alcohol Use and Alcohol Use Disorders

2010 ◽  
pp. 405-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth J. Sher ◽  
Andrew K. Littlefield ◽  
Julia A. Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Substance Dependence ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
The United States ◽  
Externalizing Disorders ◽  
Normal Personality ◽  
Considerable Controversy ◽  
Adult Roles

Alcohol use disorders (AUDs), alcohol abuse, and alcohol dependence, are among the most prevalent mental disorders in the United States and elsewhere. Considerable controversy exists concerning the optimal way of classifying these disorders and the boundaries between normal and abnormal drinking. Although AUDs can occur over much of the life span, from an epidemiological perspective, it is largely a disorder of adolescence and young adulthood. Many who experience AUDs are “mature out” of them as they age and acquire adult roles and, perhaps, as a function of normal personality. However, a significant minority of individuals fail to mature out, and some individuals develop AUDs later in adulthood. A number of etiological pathways are associated with developing an AUD; foremost among them, a pathway shared with other externalizing disorders such as conduct disorder, adult antisociality, and other substance dependence. However, pathways associated with internalizing disorders and with individual differences in alcohol effects also exist. All of these pathways likely involve major genetic and environmental determinants. Given the etiological pathways that have been documented, it is not surprising that AUDs are often comorbid with other mental disorders. A number of effective approaches to the prevention and treatment of AUDs have been developed. Additionally, basic research is setting the stage for further advances in both behavior and drug treatments of AUDs.

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