scholarly journals Using homogenization, sonication and thermo-sonication to inactivate fungi

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Campaniello ◽  
Antonio Bevilacqua ◽  
Milena Sinigaglia ◽  
Maria Rosaria Corbo
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
High Pressure Homogenization ◽  
Antifungal Effect ◽  
Other Hand

Ultrasound (US), Thermo-sonication (TS) and High Pressure Homogenization (HPH) were studied as tools to inactivate the spores ofPenicilliumspp. andMucorspp. inoculated in distilled water. For US, the power ranged from 40% to 100%, pulse from 2 to 10 s, and duration of the treatment from 2 to 10 min. TS was performed combining US (40–80% of power, for 8 min and pulse of 2 s) with a thermal treatment (50, 55 and 60°C at 4, 8 and 12 min). Homogenization was done at 30–150 MPa for 1, 2 and 3 times. Power was the most important factors to determine the antifungal effect of US and TS towards the conidia ofPenicilliumspp.; on the other hand, in US treatmentsMucorspp. was also affected by pulse and time. HPH exerted a significant antifungal effect only if the highest pressures were applied for 2–3 times.

On the general circulation of the atmosphere in middle and higher latitudes.

1905 ◽  
Vol 74 (497-506) ◽  
pp. 20-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Napier Shaw
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
The Other ◽  
British Isles ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Other Hand

In the course of an investigation into the trajectories, or actual paths of air, by means of synoptic charts, which is still in progress,* it became apparent that the paths of air taking part in cyclonic dis­turbances near the British Isles when traced backward did not always originate in anti-cylonic areas, but followed a track skirting the neighbouring high-pressure areas and traversing sometimes a very large part of a belt of the earth in a direction more or less parallel to a line of latitude, and, on the other hand, air moving in the neighbour­hood of a cyclonic depression did not invariably seek the nearest baro­metric minimum, but sometimes passed on, leaving the circulation of the depression on the left hand.

Suitability of high pressure-homogenized milk for the production of probiotic fermented milk containing Lactobacillus paracasei and Lactobacillus acidophilus

2009 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Patrignani ◽  
Patricia Burns ◽  
Diana Serrazanetti ◽  
Gabriel Vinderola ◽  
Jorge Reinheimer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
Fermented Milk ◽  
Food Preservation ◽  
Starter Cultures ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
High Pressure Homogenization ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Texture Parameters

High pressure homogenization (HPH) is one of the most promising alternatives to traditional thermal treatment for food preservation and diversification. In order to evaluate its potential for the production of fermented milks carrying probiotic bacteria, four types of fermented milks were manufactured from HPH treated and heat treated (HT) milk with and without added probiotics. Microbiological, physicochemical and organoleptic analyses were carried out during the refrigerated period (35 d at 4°C). HPH application to milk did not modify the viability of the probiotic cultures but did increase the cell loads of the starter cultures (ca. 1 log order) compared with traditional products. The coagula from HPH-milk was significantly more compacted (P<0·05) (higher firmness) than that obtained with HT-milk, and it had the highest values of consistency, cohesiveness and viscosity indexes compared with fermented milks produced without HPH treatment. All the samples received high sensory analysis scores for each descriptor considered. HPH treatment of milk can potentially diversify the market for probiotic fermented milks, especially in terms of texture parameters.

scholarly journals Spectroscopy Study of Honey Pineapple Peels Extracted in Different Solvents

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-35
Author(s):  
Yehezkiel Steven Kurniawan ◽  
Edi Setiyono ◽  
Marcelinus Alfasisurya Setya Adhiwibawa ◽  
Krisfian Tata Aneka Priyangga ◽  
Leny Yuliati
Keyword(s):  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
The Other ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Spectroscopy Study ◽  
Absorption Signal ◽  
Other Hand

In the present work, we investigated the extract of honey pineapple peels in distilled water, ethanol, and acetone solvents. The spectroscopy study of each extract was performed using a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer, an ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer, and a spectrofluorometer. The FTIR spectrum of the distilled water extract indicated that the distilled water extract may contain alcohol or carboxylic acid compounds. Meanwhile, the ethanolic extract may contain alcohol or carboxylic acid, or ether compounds. On the other hand, the acetone extract may contain alcohol or ether or aromatic or aliphatic compounds. The UV-Vis spectrum of the honey pineapple peels extracted in the distilled water, ethanol, and acetone showed a broad absorption signal at UV region (< 300 nm), four absorption signals at UV region (232-368 nm), and four absorption signals at UV region (231-368 nm) with a weak absorption signal at the visible region at 559 nm, respectively. The distilled water and acetone extracts gave fluorescence signals, however, the ethanolic extract showed no fluorescence intensity. From the FTIR, UV-Vis, and fluorescence spectra characterization, the extracted natural pigments from the honey pineapple peels in distilled water, ethanol, and acetone solvents were identified. The distilled water extract may contain polar flavonoid or steroid compounds while the ethanolic extract may contain polar carotenoid pigments. On the other hand, the acetone extract may contain carotenoid and chlorophyll pigments as shown by an emission signal at 670 nm.

scholarly journals Distribution of Aldoxime Dehydratase in Microorganisms

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 2290-2296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuo Kato ◽  
Ryoko Ooi ◽  
Yasuhisa Asano
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Pressure Liquid Chromatography ◽  
The Other ◽  
Intact Cells ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Aldoxime Dehydratase

ABSTRACT The distribution of phenylacetaldoxime-degrading and pyridine-3-aldoxime-degrading ability was examined with intact cells of 975 microorganisms, including 45 genera of bacteria, 11 genera of actinomyces, 22 genera of yeasts, and 37 genera of fungi, by monitoring the decrease of the aldoximes by high-pressure liquid chromatography. The abilities were found to be widely distributed in bacteria, actinomyces, fungi, and some yeasts: 98 and 107 strains degraded phenylacetaldoxime and pyridine-3-aldoxime, respectively. All of the active strains exhibited not only the aldoxime-dehydration activity to form nitrile but also nitrile-hydrolyzing activity. On the other hand, all of 19 nitrile-degrading microorganisms (13 species, 7 genera) were found to exhibit aldoxime dehydration activity. It is shown that aldoxime dehydratase and nitrile-hydrolyzing activities are widely distributed among 188 aldoxime and 19 nitrile degraders and that the enzymes were induced by aldoximes or nitriles.

Plasticity Measurements in the Rubber Industry

1933 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-260
Author(s):  
J. Behre
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Elastic Recovery ◽  
The Other ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Dead Weight ◽  
Rubber Mixture ◽  
Rubber Industry ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Narrow Opening

Abstract With the growing realization of its importance in factory operations, the plasticity of raw rubber and rubber stocks is being studied more and more. As far as can be seen from the literature, four methods for measuring plasticity are known up to the present time. The most commonly used apparatus is probably that developed by Williams, which depends upon measuring the change in the thickness of rubber under a load. The same principle is followed in the recently published method of Karrer, except that in this case the elastic recovery is also measured. The other two methods, which were used first by Marzetti and by Griffith, depend on the other hand upon a wholly different principle. Here the rubber or the rubber mixture is extruded through a narrow opening under high pressure and the quantity extruded is measured. Griffith used a dead weight whereas Marzetti used compressed air to produce the pressure. For several years the author has worked with an apparatus constructed according to the Marzetti principle, and the present paper deals with experiments with this apparatus.

COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF IMMUNOGENIC PROPERTIES OF TRYPANOSOMA BRUCEI INACTIVATED WITH β-PROPIOLACTONE AND WITH SOME OTHER INACTIVATING AGENTS

1967 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 743-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Soltys
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Brucei ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Passive Immunity ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Homologous Strain ◽  
Protective Antibodies ◽  
Immunogenic Properties ◽  
Young Mice

Success in immunizing animals with dead trypanosomes depends on both the method of inactivating trypanosomes and the strain used for immunization. Comparative studies with various inactivating agents showed that β-propio-lactone and formalin are superior to phenol, heat at 56 °C, and lysis in distilled water. A vaccine containing Trypanosoma brucei with frequent passages through mice and not exposed to antibodies could elicit in animals protective antibodies and resistance to a challenge with a homologous strain. Passive immunity was shown in young mice born of vaccinated mothers. On the other hand, no active or passive immunity was demonstrated when animals were immunized with a vaccine prepared from a variant of T. brucei after passage through rabbits or sheep.

scholarly journals Influence of Moderate High-Pressure Homogenization on Quality of Bioactive Compounds of Functional Food Supplements

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Encarna Aguayo ◽  
Martha Patricia Tarazona-Díaz ◽  
Ascensión Martínez-Sánchez ◽  
Antonio García-González
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Food Supplement ◽  
Food Supplements ◽  
High Pressure Homogenization

Current interest in health has led to an increase in demand for functional food supplements as well as in industry concern for maintaining the bioactive compounds of such foods via the application of new technologies. In this study, we evaluated the effect of moderate high-pressure homogenization (HPH) treatments (80 and 120 MPa) versus thermal treatment (80°C, atmospheric pressure) on the functional bioactive compounds from four different functional supplements stored under accelerated conditions (40°C  ±  2°C and 75%  ±  5% relative humidity) for 6 months. HPH proved to be a better alternative than thermal treatment for functional supplements containing heat-sensitive compounds such as vitamin C, vitamin A, and unsaturated fatty acids (10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid). The proanthocyanidin, cynarin, chlorogenic, and iron contents, however, were not initially affected by HPH treatments. The storage time caused important reductions in the majority of the compounds studied (mainly in vitamins C, B12, and A), although the lowest decrease was found in the HPH samples. The food matrix had an important effect on the final functional composition and required the optimization of HPH treatments for each functional food supplement. HPH is a recommended alternative to thermal treatment for functional food supplements, in particular when they are rich in thermolabile bioactive compounds.

THE NATURE OF BULB NEMATODE (DITYLENCHUS DIPSACI) POPULATIONS IN "SUPREME", "PRINCE ALBERT", AND "IMPERATOR" IRIS BULBS, AND THEIR CONTROL BY THERMAL TREATMENT

1938 ◽  
Vol 16c (6) ◽  
pp. 230-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Hastings ◽  
J. E. Bosher
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Unit Volume ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Nematode Population ◽  
The Other ◽  
Basal Plate ◽  
Rapid Multiplication ◽  
Heat Resistant ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Ditylenchus Dipsaci

"Supreme" and "Prince Albert", representing a Dutch tingitana hybrid and an English iris, are much more susceptible to nematode infestation than "Imperator", a Dutch iris, as judged by the number of nematodes per unit volume of invaded tissue, viz.: 596, 108, and 13 respectively. Infestation in "Prince Albert" tends to be confined to the basal plate. Rapid multiplication of the nematodes within the bulb tissue occurs in "Supreme" and "Prince Albert." On the other hand, little multiplication occurs within "Imperator" bulb tissue.The populations within iris bulb tissue consist largely of young larvae in contrast with a high pre-adult population in narcissi. The low population of the heat-resistant pre-adults accounts for the fact that the nematode population in "Supreme" bulbs can be destroyed by a 60-minute immersion at 110° F., whereas a three-hour immersion is required to destroy the nematodes in narcissi.

scholarly journals The nature and artificial production of consonant sounds

1924 ◽  
Vol 106 (736) ◽  
pp. 150-174 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Air Pressure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Partial Closure ◽  
Rapid Release ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Artificial Larynx ◽  
Sudden Release ◽  
Consonant Sounds

In a previous paper experiments were described in which the writer’s English vowel sounds were reproduced by means of double resonators tuned to give the two principal audible resonances heard when whispering or breathing the vowel in question. It was found that various consonant sounds could be produced by manipulating these models, as had been previously done by Kratzenstein, de Kempelen, Willis, and Wheatstone, in the case of a single resonator, but that all models did not behave similarly. Complete closure (by hand) and sudden release, under air pressure, of the ei (hay), a (calm), D (not), ou (no), and u (who) models, gave b at low pressure and p at high pressure. Partial closure (allowing a small leakage sufficient to enable the artificial larynx to operate) followed by rapid release, gave m . On the other hand, the same manipulation of the models i (eat), I (it), e (men), A (up), gave a sound like that of w in we, wit, wen, etc.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document