scholarly journals Evidence of facultative parthenogenesis in three Neotropical pitviper species of the Bothrops atrox group

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e10097
Author(s):  
Sergio D. Cubides-Cubillos ◽  
José S.L. Patané ◽  
Karina Maria Pereira da Silva ◽  
Selma Maria Almeida-Santos ◽  
Denise S. Polydoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Microsatellites Dna ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Facultative Parthenogenesis ◽  
Bothrops Atrox

We examined four suspected cases of facultative parthenogenesis in three species of a neotropical lineage of pitvipers of the Bothrops atrox group. Reproduction without mating was observed in captive females of B. atrox, B. moojeni and B. leucurus housed alone for seven years (the two former species) and nine years (the latter one). In addition to the observation of captivity data, we investigated molecularly this phenomenon using heterologous microsatellites. DNA was extracted from the mothers’ scales or liver, from embryo and newborn fragments, and yolked ova. Four of the microsatellites showed good amplification using Polymerase Chain Reaction and informative band segregation patterns among each mother and respective offspring. Captivity information, litter characteristics (comparison of the number of newborns, embryos and yolked ova) and molecular data altogether agreed with facultative parthenogenesis predictions in at least three out of the four mothers studied: B. atrox (ID#933) was heterozygous for three out of the four markers, and the sons S1 and S2 were homozygous; B. moojeni (BUT86) was heterozygous for two out of four markers, offspring S1, S3, E2, and E4, and O1 to O6 were homozygous; and B. leucurus (MJJS503) was heterozygous for three out of four markers, and son E1 and O1 were homozygous. B. moojeni (BUT44) was homozygous for all loci analyzed in the mother and offspring, which although not informative is also consistent with parthenogenesis. This study represents the first molecular confirmation of different pitviper species undergoing facultative parthenogenesis among Neotropical endemic snakes.

Genetics of Head and Neck Cancer: Advances in Molecular Research

1995 ◽  
Vol 112 (5) ◽  
pp. P101-P102
Author(s):  
Michael S. Benninger ◽  
Daniel Van Dyke ◽  
Carol Bradford ◽  
Thomas Carey
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Microsatellite Repeat ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Molecular Assessment ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Educational objectives: To be familiar with cytogenetic and molecular data on early, advanced, recurrent metastatic head and neck cancers, and to understand common methodologies for genetic and molecular assessment including fluorescence in situ hybridization, microsatellite repeat polymorphisms, and polymerase chain reaction, as well as the role of human papilloma virus in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).

scholarly journals Morphometric analysis and sequence related amplified polymorphism determine genetic diversity in Salvia species

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 12153
Author(s):  
Abdul SHAKOOR ◽  
Fang ZHAO ◽  
Gul ZAIB ◽  
Wuyang LI ◽  
Xincan LAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Isolation By Distance ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Genetic Affinity ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Species Characteristics ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

Salvia species is a member of the Lamiaceae family, and it also possesses medicinal and horticulture values. The genetic diversity was assessed through sequence-related amplified polymorphism. To uncover genetic diversity and species characteristics in Salvia species were studied through a combination of morphological and molecular data. One hundred forty-five individuals related to 30 Salvia were collected in 18 provinces. A total of 157 (Number of total loci) (NTL) DNA bands were produced through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from 30 Salvia species. These bands were produced with the combinations of 10 selective primers. The total number of amplified fragments ranged from 10 to 20. The predicted unbiased heterozygosity (H) varied between 0.11 (Salvia urmiensis) and 0.31 (Salvia limbata). High Shannon’s information index was detected in Salvia limbata. The genetic similarities between 30 species are estimated from 0.46 to 0.91. Clustering results showed two major clusters. According to the SRAP (Sequence-related amplified polymorphism) markers analysis, Salvia hydrangea and Salvia sharifii had the lowest similarity. Salvia bracteata and Salvia suffruticosa were genetically dissimilar to each other. This study also detected a significant signature of isolation by distance. Present results showed that sequence-related amplified polymorphism has the potential to decipher genetic affinity between Salvia species. Current results have implications in biodiversity and conservation programs. Besides this, present results could pave the way for selecting suitable ecotypes for forage and pasture purposes in Iran.

scholarly journals Purificación y amplificación de ADN genómico en escamas de la serpiente Bothrops atrox “jergón” (Ofidia: Viperidae)

2019 ◽  
pp. 234-237
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Dna Purification ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Electrophoretic Method ◽  
Apartado Postal ◽  
Dna Purity ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Bothrops Atrox

Purificación y amplificación de ADN genómico en escamas de la serpiente Bothrops atrox “jergón” (Ofidia: Viperidae) Genomic DNA purification and amplification from scales to snake Bothrops atrox “lancehead” (Ofidia: Viperidae) Rommel Rojas, Roberson Ramirez, Marianela Cobos y Juan Castro Centro de Investigaciones de Recursos Naturales-CIRNAUniversidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana-UNAP. Apartado postal 496S Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33017/RevECIPeru2011.0052/ RESUMEN Los estudios moleculares exigen la creación de nuevos protocolos que permitan obtener un ADN de alta calidad en la mayor cantidad de especies posibles y garantizar el conocimiento de la diversidad genética, por tal motivo el objetivo del presente trabajo fue purificar y amplificar de ADN genómico de las escamas de la serpiente Bothrops atrox “jergón”. Las escamas fueron recolectadas en el campo utilizando la técnica de revelamiento por encuentros casuales [1], para la purificación del ADN genómico se modificó el protocolo de [2], verificándose su pureza por el método electroforético utilizando agarosa 2% y su calidad y concentración por el método espectrofotométrico, la amplificación fue realizada por la reacción en cadena de polimerasaPCR utilizando iniciadores aleatorios. Los resultados muestran la obtención de ADN en excelente estado con un alto ratio de calidad (2) y concentración (585.85 µg/mL), asimismo se logró la amplificación del ADN, demostrándose que el protocolo utilizado es útil para estudios moleculares y genéticos. Se concluye mencionado que el método empleado es efectivo para obtener ADN de buena calidad en escamas de serpientes. Descriptores: Serpiente, escama, ADN, reacción en cadena de polimerasa-PCR. ABSTRACT Molecular research demand the creation of new protocols and permit the obtain a high quality DNA in the most quantity of species and know the genetic diversity, for that objective of the present research was obtained the purification and amplification of scales DNA in the snake Bothrops atrox. the scales were recollected in the field using the visual encounter survey [5] The For the purification of the DNA was modification the protocol [4], the DNA purity was verifiable for the electrophoretic method and it quality and concentration for spectrophotometry, the amplification was carried for Polymerase chain reaction-PCR using random primers. The results show the successful DNA purification, showing an acceptable quality ratio (2) and concentration (585.85 µg/mL), at the same time was made the amplification of DNA for PCR. We conclude indicating the useful of this technique for the purification of high quality DNA from snake´s scales for molecular and genetic research. Keywords: snake, scale, DNA, polymerase chain reaction-PCR.

High performance Nanogold™-in situ hybridzation and its use in the detection of hybridized and PCR-amplified microscopical preparations

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 896-897
Author(s):  
G. W. Hacker ◽  
I. Zehbe ◽  
J. Hainfeld ◽  
A.-H. Graf ◽  
C. Hauser-Kronberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Direct Methods ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Protein Encoding ◽  
Polymerase Chain

In situ hybridization (ISH) with biotin-labeled probes is increasingly used in histology, histopathology and molecular biology, to detect genetic nucleic acid sequences of interest, such as viruses, genetic alterations and peptide-/protein-encoding messenger RNA (mRNA). In situ polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (PCR in situ hybridization = PISH) and the new in situ self-sustained sequence replication-based amplification (3SR) method even allow the detection of single copies of DNA or RNA in cytological and histological material. However, there is a number of considerable problems with the in situ PCR methods available today: False positives due to mis-priming of DNA breakdown products contained in several types of cells causing non-specific incorporation of label in direct methods, and re-diffusion artefacts of amplicons into previously negative cells have been observed. To avoid these problems, super-sensitive ISH procedures can be used, and it is well known that the sensitivity and outcome of these methods partially depend on the detection system used.

1504: Molecular Diagnosis and Staging of Prostate Cancer Using Clusterin in Real Time Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR)

2006 ◽  
Vol 175 (4S) ◽  
pp. 485-486
Author(s):  
Sabarinath B. Nair ◽  
Christodoulos Pipinikas ◽  
Roger Kirby ◽  
Nick Carter ◽  
Christiane Fenske
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Molecular Diagnosis ◽  
Reverse Transcription ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Detection of the Glanzmann's Thrombasthenia Mutations in Arab and Iraqi-Jewish Patients by Polymerase Chain Reaction and Restriction Analysis of Blood or Urine Samples

1991 ◽  
Vol 66 (04) ◽  
pp. 500-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Peretz ◽  
U Seligsohn ◽  
E Zwang ◽  
B S Coller ◽  
P J Newman
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Base Pair ◽  
Restriction Analysis ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Glanzmann’S Thrombasthenia ◽  
Glanzmann's Thrombasthenia ◽  
Base Pair Deletion ◽  
Polymerase Chain

SummarySevere Glanzmann's thrombasthenia is relatively frequent in Iraqi-Jews and Arabs residing in Israel. We have recently described the mutations responsible for the disease in Iraqi-Jews – an 11 base pair deletion in exon 12 of the glycoprotein IIIa gene, and in Arabs – a 13 base pair deletion at the AG acceptor splice site of exon 4 on the glycoprotein IIb gene. In this communication we show that the Iraqi-Jewish mutation can be identified directly by polymerase chain reaction and gel electrophoresis. With specially designed oligonucleotide primers encompassing the mutation site, an 80 base pair segment amplified in healthy controls was clearly distinguished from the 69 base pair segment produced in patients. Patients from 11 unrelated Iraqi-Jewish families had the same mutation. The Arab mutation was identified by first amplifying a DNA segment consisting of 312 base pairs in controls and of 299 base pairs in patients, and then digestion by a restriction enzyme Stu-1, which recognizes a site that is absent in the mutant gene. In controls the 312 bp segment was digested into 235 and 77 bp fragments, while in patients there was no change in the size of the amplified 299 bp segment. The mutation was found in patients from 3 out of 5 unrelated Arab families. Both Iraqi-Jewish and Arab mutations were detectable in DNA extracted from blood and urine samples. The described simple methods of identifying the mutations should be useful for detection of the numerous potential carriers among the affected kindreds and for prenatal diagnosis using DNA extracted from chorionic villi samples.

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