Toxocara pteropodisin Free-Ranging Indian Flying Foxes (Pteropus medius) in Sri Lanka

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 414-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjana C. Karawita ◽  
Chelsea G. Himsworth ◽  
R. P. V. Jayanthe Rajapakse ◽  
Trent K. Bollinger ◽  
Panduka de S. Gunawardena
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Flying Foxes ◽  
Free Ranging

scholarly journals Urban Sprawl, Food Subsidies and Power Lines: An Ecological Trap for Large Frugivorous Bats in Sri Lanka?

Diversity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
José L. Tella ◽  
Dailos Hernández-Brito ◽  
Guillermo Blanco ◽  
Fernando Hiraldo
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Ecological Trap ◽  
Power Lines ◽  
Foraging Habitat ◽  
Urban Habitats ◽  
Flying Foxes ◽  
Food Subsidies ◽  
Urbanized Areas

Electrocution is one of the less known anthropogenic impacts likely affecting the bat population. We surveyed 925 km of overhead distribution power lines that supply energy to spreading urbanized areas in Sri Lanka, recording 300 electrocuted Indian flying foxes (Pteropus giganteus). Electrocutions were recorded up to 58 km from the nearest known colony, and all of them were in urbanized areas and very close ( X ¯ = 4.8 m) to the exotic fruiting trees cultivated in gardens. Predictable anthropogenic food subsidies, in the form of cultivated fruits and flowers, seem to attract flying foxes to urban habitats, which in turn become ecological traps given their high electrocution risk. However, electrocution rates greatly varied among the 352 power lines surveyed (0.00–24.6 indiv./km), being highest in power lines with four wires oriented vertically ( X ¯ = 0.92 indiv./km) and almost zero in power lines with wires oriented horizontally. Therefore, the latter design should be applied to projected new power lines and old vertically oriented lines in electrocution hotspots should be substituted. Given that flying foxes are key seed dispersers and pollinators, their foraging habitat selection change toward urban habitats together with high electrocution risk not only may contribute to their population decline but also put their ecosystem services at risk.

Use of a Portable Analyzer for Venous Blood Gas and Biochemistry Analysis in Free-Ranging Indian Flying Foxes (Pteropus giganteus) in Myanmar

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer C. Kishbaugh ◽  
Marc T. Valitutto ◽  
Ohnmar Aung ◽  
Kyaw Yan Naing Tun ◽  
Lee-Ann C. Hayek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Venous Blood ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Flying Foxes ◽  
Portable Analyzer ◽  
Venous Blood Gas ◽  
Free Ranging

scholarly journals Testosterone is associated with harem maintenance ability in free-ranging grey-headed flying-foxes, Pteropus poliocephalus

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 758-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan M. Klose ◽  
Justin A. Welbergen ◽  
Elisabeth K. V. Kalko
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Flying Foxes ◽  
Mating Period ◽  
Social Challenges ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Harem Size ◽  
Pteropus Poliocephalus ◽  
Original Size ◽  
Complex Forms ◽  
Free Ranging

Males of many vertebrate species aggressively defend their reproductive interests by monopolizing females, and the ‘challenge hypothesis’ predicts that testosterone levels in reproductive contexts rise to facilitate males' competitive behaviours necessary for meeting social challenges. The hypothesis is successful in explaining patterns of testosterone secretion in many avian species, but remains comparatively unexplored in mammals. ‘Circulating plasma testosterone levels (T)’ were studied in relation to harem maintenance in grey-headed flying-foxes, Pteropus poliocephalus . In this species, harems provide mating opportunities and so a male's ability to maintain a harem is likely to correlate with his fitness. We hypothesized that if T reflect a male's ability to withstand challenges from competitors, then T should be linked to successful harem maintenance. To test this, we temporarily removed males from their territories prior to and during the short mating period, recording their harem sizes both before removal and after reintroduction. Most males successfully reclaimed their territory and a harem, but during the mating period, males with higher T had harems closer to their original size, and males with lower T suffered reduction in harem size. Our findings highlight the role of T in harem maintenance in a major mammalian taxon with complex forms of social organization.

scholarly journals Tourism-induced disturbance of wildlife in protected areas: A case study of free ranging elephants in Sri Lanka

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 625-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eranga Ranaweerage ◽  
Ashoka D.G. Ranjeewa ◽  
Koun Sugimoto
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Free Ranging

scholarly journals A Behavioural Study of Free Ranging Ceylon Spotted Deer (Axis axis ceylonensis) in Trincomalee, Sri Lanka

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Kalpphana Gowrithasan ◽  
Ahamed Muhaideen Riyas Ahamed ◽  
Meena Dharmaretnam
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Activity Pattern ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Behavioural Study ◽  
Axis Axis ◽  
Spotted Deer ◽  
Time Zones ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
Published Research

Axis axis ceylonensis (Ceylon spotted deer) is a sub species endemic to Sri Lanka. Ecological observations in wild populations of this subspecies have been reported but there is no published research on its behaviour. We report here a behavioural study on a free ranging population of A. a. ceylonensis inhabiting a temple surroundings in Trincomalee, Sri Lanka. Behaviour was quantified by focal sampling on sex age groups in three time zones: 6:30 to 7:30, 12:30-13:30, and 17:00 to 18:00 hours. The deer were more active in the hour after dawn and an hour before dusk. The main activities were feeding and play, the latter common in juveniles. There was a preference to graze on grasses and browse on Ficus sp. leaves. Resting was highest in the afternoon across all groups. This bimodal activity pattern is similar to that of both wild Ceylon and Indian A. axis subspecies despite the absence of predators in the study area. The bimodal activity may be related to thermoregulatory functions while grazing in open grass areas.

HEMATOLOGY, PLASMA BIOCHEMISTRY, AND URINALYSIS OF FREE-RANGING GREY-HEADED FLYING FOXES (PTEROPUS POLIOCEPHALUS) IN AUSTRALIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 591-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Edson ◽  
Hume Field ◽  
Lee McMichael ◽  
David Mayer ◽  
John Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Biochemistry ◽  
Flying Foxes ◽  
Pteropus Poliocephalus ◽  
Free Ranging

scholarly journals Morphometrics of a wild Asian elephant exhibiting disproportionate dwarfism

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shermin de Silva ◽  
Udaya S Weerathunga ◽  
Tennekoon Pushpakumara
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Asian Elephant ◽  
Average Height ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Absolute Height ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Free Ranging

Dwarfism is a condition characterized by shorter stature, at times accompanied by differential skeletal growth proportions relative to the species-typical physical conformation. Causes vary and well-documented in humans as well as certain mammalian species in captive or laboratory conditions, but rarely observed in the wild. Here we report on a single case of apparent dwarfism in a free-ranging adult male Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) in Sri Lanka, comparing physical dimensions to those of other males in the same population, males in other populations, and records in previous literature. The subject was found to have a shoulder height of approximately 195cm, is shorter than the average height of typical mature males, with a body length of 218cm. This ratio of body length to height deviates from what is typically observed, which is approximately 1:1. In absolute height the subject was similar to the attributes of a captive elephant documented in 1955 in Sri Lanka, also said to be a dwarf, however the two specimens differed in the relative proportions of height vs. body length. The subject also exhibits a slight elongation of the skull. We discuss how this phenotype compares to cases of dwarfism in other non-human animals.

Detection, Identification, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Campylobacter spp. and Salmonella spp. from Free-Ranging Nonhuman Primates in Sri Lanka

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Tegner ◽  
N. P. Sunil-Chandra ◽  
W. R. P. L. I. Wijesooriya ◽  
B. Vijitha Perera ◽  
Ingrid Hansson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Nonhuman Primates ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
Campylobacter Spp
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