scholarly journals Profile analysis of hepatic porcine and murine brain tissue slices obtained with a vibratome

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgio Mattei ◽  
Irene Cristiani ◽  
Chiara Magliaro ◽  
Arti Ahluwalia
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Brain Slices ◽  
Slice Thickness ◽  
Tissue Stiffness ◽  
Quantitative Investigation ◽  
Step Size ◽  
Tissue Slices ◽  
Porcine Liver ◽  
Murine Brain

This study is aimed at characterizing soft tissue slices using a vibratome. In particular, the effect of two sectioning parameters (i.e. step size and sectioning speed) on resultant slice thickness was investigated for fresh porcine liver as well as for paraformaldehyde-fixed (PFA-fixed) and fresh murine brain. A simple framework for embedding, sectioning and imaging the slices was established to derive their thickness, which was evaluated through a purposely developed graphical user interface. Sectioning speed and step size had little effect on the thickness of fresh liver slices. Conversely, the thickness of PFA-fixed murine brain slices was found to be dependent on the step size, but not on the sectioning speed. In view of these results, fresh brain tissue was sliced varying the step size only, which was found to have a significant effect on resultant slice thickness. Although precision-cut slices (i.e. with regular thickness) were obtained for all the tissues, slice accuracy (defined as the match between the nominal step size chosen and the actual slice thickness obtained) was found to increase with tissue stiffness from fresh liver to PFA-fixed brain. This quantitative investigation can be very helpful for establishing the most suitable slicing setup for a given tissue.

scholarly journals Profile analysis of hepatic porcine and murine brain tissue slices obtained with a vibratome

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgio Mattei ◽  
Irene Cristiani ◽  
Chiara Magliaro ◽  
Arti Ahluwalia
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Brain Slices ◽  
Slice Thickness ◽  
Tissue Stiffness ◽  
Quantitative Investigation ◽  
Step Size ◽  
Tissue Slices ◽  
Porcine Liver ◽  
Murine Brain

This study is aimed at characterizing soft tissue slices using a vibratome. In particular, the effect of two sectioning parameters (i.e. step size and sectioning speed) on resultant slice thickness was investigated for fresh porcine liver as well as for paraformaldehyde-fixed (PFA-fixed) and fresh murine brain. A simple framework for embedding, sectioning and imaging the slices was established to derive their thickness, which was evaluated through a purposely developed graphical user interface. Sectioning speed and step size had little effect on the thickness of fresh liver slices. Conversely, the thickness of PFA-fixed murine brain slices was found to be dependent on the step size, but not on the sectioning speed. In view of these results, fresh brain tissue was sliced varying the step size only, which was found to have a significant effect on resultant slice thickness. Although precision-cut slices (i.e. with regular thickness) were obtained for all the tissues, slice accuracy (defined as the match between the nominal step size chosen and the actual slice thickness obtained) was found to increase with tissue stiffness from fresh liver to PFA-fixed brain. This quantitative investigation can be very helpful for establishing the most suitable slicing setup for a given tissue.

scholarly journals Profile analysis of hepatic porcine and murine brain tissue slices obtained with a vibratome

PeerJ ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. e932 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Mattei ◽  
I Cristiani ◽  
C Magliaro ◽  
A Ahluwalia
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Tissue Slices ◽  
Murine Brain

Sample collection and amino acids analysis of extracellular fluid of mouse brain slices with low flow push–pull perfusion

The Analyst ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 140 (19) ◽  
pp. 6563-6570 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Ojeda-Torres ◽  
L. Williams ◽  
D. E. Featherstone ◽  
S. A. Shippy
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Mouse Brain ◽  
Brain Slices ◽  
Extracellular Fluid ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Tissue Slices ◽  
Extracellular Glutamate

Low flow push–pull perfusion is used to measure extracellular glutamate levels from mouse brain tissue slices.

Shock Induced Deformation and Damage in Rat Brain Slices

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiwoon Kwon ◽  
Sung J. Lee ◽  
Ghatu Subhash ◽  
Michael King ◽  
Malisa Sarntinoranont
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tissue ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Shock Loading ◽  
Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar ◽  
Brain Slices ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Hopkinson Pressure Bar ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Tissue Slices ◽  
High Rate Loading

Shock-induced traumatic brain injury (TBI) and post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have received increasing attention because many soldiers returning from Iraq and Afghanistan suffer from these disorders. The shock loading duration is typically on the order of few hundred microseconds and hence the strain rate of deformation is very high. Therefore, in the current study, high-rate loading experiments were conducted on brain tissue slices which mimic loading durations encountered in shock loading [1]. The polymer split Hopkinson pressure bar (PSHPB) was used to generate high rate loading as a high speed digital camera captured the deformation of brain tissue. To further clarify initial injury events, post-test damage was assessed through histological studies. This experimental model provides the opportunity for time-resolved visualization of actual tissue deformation thus allowing improved ability to isolate damage-sensitive tissue regions.

The microanatomical environment of the subthalamic nucleus

2007 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 198-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Rijkers ◽  
Yasin Temel ◽  
Veerle Visser-Vandewalle ◽  
Linda Vanormelingen ◽  
Marjan Vandersteen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mr Imaging ◽  
3D Reconstruction ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Subthalamic Nucleus ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
High Frequency Stimulation ◽  
Slice Thickness ◽  
Tissue Slices ◽  
Optimal Analysis ◽  
Frequency Stimulation

✓High-frequency stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is a widely performed method to treat advanced Parkinson disease. Due to the limitations of current imaging techniques, the 3D microanatomy of the STN and its surrounding structures in the mesencephalon are not well known. Using images they obtained using a 9.4-tesla magnetic resonance (MR) imaging unit, the authors developed a 3D reconstruction of the STN and its immediate surroundings. During the postmortem investigation of a human brain, a sample of tissue in the area around the STN was isolated. This brain tissue was scanned in the three orthogonal planes at 1-mm slice thickness. The images generated were compared with photographs of conventionally stained brain tissue slices in different neuroanatomical books, and a 3D reconstruction was made. High-field MR imaging is an appropriate method for visualizing the microanatomy of the STN and its surroundings. The images allow an optimal analysis of the microenvironment of the STN in the three orthogonal planes and can be used for 3D reconstructions of this area with possible clinical applications in the future.

Imaging brain tissue slices with terahertz near‐field microscopy

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. e2741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoshuai Geng ◽  
Guangbin Dai ◽  
Dandan Li ◽  
Shengling Zhou ◽  
Zaoxia Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Tissue Slices

scholarly journals Multicellular ‘hotspots’ harbour high-grade potential in lower-grade gliomas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alastair J Kirby ◽  
José P Lavrador ◽  
Istvan Bodi ◽  
Francesco Vergani ◽  
Ranjeev Bhangoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Aminolevulinic Acid ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Brain Slices ◽  
Glioma Cells ◽  
Malignant Progression ◽  
Lower Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Human Brain Tissue

Abstract Background Lower-grade gliomas may be indolent for many years before developing malignant behaviour. The reasons mechanisms underlying malignant progression remain unclear. Methods We collected blocks of live human brain tissue donated by people undergoing glioma resection. The tissue blocks extended through the peritumoral cortex and into the glioma. The living human brain tissue was cut into ex vivo brain slices and bathed in 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA). High-grade glioma cells avidly take up 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) and accumulate high levels of the fluorescent metabolite, Protoporphyrin IX (PpIX). We exploited the PpIX fluorescence emitted by higher-grade glioma cells to investigate the earliest stages of malignant progression in lower-grade gliomas. Results We found sparsely-distributed ‘hot-spots’ of PpIX-positive cells in living lower-grade glioma tissue. Glioma cells and endothelial cells formed part of the PpIX hotspots. Glioma cells in PpIX hotspots were IDH1 mutant and expressed nestin suggesting they had acquired stem-like properties. Spatial analysis with 5-ALA conjugated quantum dots indicated that these glioma cells replicated adjacent to blood vessels. PpIX hotspots formed in the absence of angiogenesis. Conclusion Our data show that PpIX hotspots represent microdomains of cells with high-grade potential within lower-grade gliomas and identify locations where malignant progression could start.

Cells in human postmortem brain tissue slices remain alive for several weeks in culture

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald W. H. Verwer ◽  
Wim T. J. M. C. Hermens ◽  
Paul A. Dijkhuizen ◽  
Olivier Ter Brake ◽  
Robert E. Baker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Postmortem Brain ◽  
Tissue Slices ◽  
Human Postmortem Brain ◽  
Postmortem Brain Tissue

scholarly journals Encephalitis with radial perivascular emphasis

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. e670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Wickel ◽  
Ha-Yeun Chung ◽  
Klaus Kirchhof ◽  
David Boeckler ◽  
Stefan Merkelbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Staining Pattern ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Brain Slices ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Gadolinium Enhancement ◽  
Negative Patient ◽  
Csf Analysis ◽  
Similar Disease ◽  
High Doses

ObjectiveAutoimmune steroid-responsive meningoencephalomyelitis with linear perivascular gadolinium enhancement in brain MRI is regarded as glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) astrocytopathy characterized by anti-GFAP antibodies (ABs). We questioned whether anti-GFAP ABs are necessarily associated with this syndrome.MethodsTwo patients with a strikingly similar disease course suggestive of autoimmune GFAP astrocytopathy are reported. Clinical examination, MRI, laboratory, and CSF analysis were performed. Neuropathologic examination of brain tissue was obtained from one patient. Serum and CSF were additionally tested using mouse brain slices, microglia-astrocyte cocultures, and a GFAP-specific cell-based assay.ResultsBoth patients presented with subacute influenza-like symptoms and developed severe neurocognitive and neurologic deficits and impaired consciousness. MRIs of both patients revealed radial perivascular gadolinium enhancement extending from the lateral ventricles to the white matter suggestive of autoimmune GFAP astrocytopathy. Both patients responded well to high doses of methylprednisolone. Only one patient had anti-GFAP ABs with a typical staining pattern of astrocytes, whereas serum and CSF of the other patient were negative and showed neither reactivity to brain tissue nor to vital or permeabilized astrocytes. Neuropathologic examination of the anti-GFAP AB-negative patient revealed infiltration of macrophages and T cells around blood vessels and activation of microglia without obvious features of clasmatodendrosis.ConclusionsThe GFAP-AB negative patient had both a striking (para)clinical similarity and an immediate response to immunotherapy. This supports the hypothesis that the clinical spectrum of steroid-responsive meningoencephalomyelitis suggestive of autoimmune GFAP astrocytopathy may be broader and may comprise also seronegative cases.

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