scholarly journals Effect of crop rotation with grain pearl millet on Pratylenchus penetrans and subsequent potato yields in Quebec

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Dauphinais ◽  
Guy Bélair ◽  
Yvon Fournier ◽  
Om P. Dangi
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Pratylenchus Penetrans ◽  
Potato Yields

Abstract A field study was conducted in Quebec to determine the effect of crop rotation with grain pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) on Pratylenchus penetrans populations and the subsequent yields of two potato cultivars (Solanum tuberosum) when compared with rye and continuous potato with and without fumigation. Pearl millet had a suppressive effect on P. penetrans populations compared with rye but not as much as continuous potato with fumigation. In 2002, total potato yields of cv. Superior and cv. Hilite Russet were negatively correlated with P. penetrans densities at harvest. Total yields of potato cv. Superior were increased by 123 and 229% following pearl millet and fumigation, respectively, compared with rye. Total yields of potato cv. Hilite Russet increased by 26 and 17% following pearl millet and fumigation. Grain pearl millet CGPM H-1 reduced P. penetrans densities and improved potato yields in Quebec.

scholarly journals Pearl Millet for the Management of Pratylenchus penetrans in Flue-Cured Tobacco in Quebec

Plant Disease ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 88 (9) ◽  
pp. 989-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Bélair ◽  
Nathalie Dauphinais ◽  
Yvon Fournier ◽  
Om P. Dangi
Keyword(s):  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Viable Alternative ◽  
Pratylenchus Penetrans ◽  
Tobacco Production ◽  
Standard Application ◽  
Rotation Crop ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Metham Sodium

Two 1-year rotation experiments were conducted from 1998 to 2000 to assess the impact of forage and grain pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) on Pratylenchus penetrans populations in a tobacco field (Nicotiana tabacum cv. Delgold) in Quebec. Performance of these crops was compared with rye, the standard rotation crop. Rye plots were doubled to include a fumigated standard (application of metham sodium at 67.4 liters/ha on a band). Forage pearl millet increased tobacco yields by an average of 103% compared with nonfumigated rye. In 2000, leaf dry weights of tobacco following grain pearl millet CGPM H5 and CGPM H6 was increased by 70 and 73%, respectively, when compared with nonfumigated rye and were not significantly different from the fumigated plots following rye. Forage and grain pearl millet should be considered as a viable alternative to fumigation for controlling P. penetrans infestation in flue-cured tobacco production in Quebec.

scholarly journals Rotation and nitrogen fertilizer effects on pearl millet, cowpea and groundnut yield and soil chemical properties in a sandy soil in the semi-arid tropics, West Africa

2000 ◽  
Vol 134 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. BATIONO ◽  
B. R. NTARE
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Arachis Hypogea

A 5-year study was conducted from 1988 to 1992 at three sites in Niger to determine the effects of crop rotation of a cereal and legumes and nitrogen fertilizer on chemical properties of the soil (0–20 cm) and yield of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.BR.), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.), and groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.). Four N levels and rotation treatments including continuous fallow were investigated. Soil samples taken from the top 20 cm depth at the end of the experiment from treatments without nitrogen application which included continuous fallow, fallow–millet rotation, groundnut–millet rotation, cowpea–millet rotation, and continuous millet were analysed for soil pH, organic carbon, total nitrogen and exchangeable bases. Fertilizer N significantly increased yield of pearl millet, cowpea and groundnut. Continuous monocropping of pearl millet resulted in lower yields across N levels compared to legume–millet rotations. Legume yields were also consistently lower in monoculture than when rotated with millet. There was a decline in organic matter under continuous millet, cowpea–millet rotation and groundnut–millet rotation. The fallow–millet rotation supplied more mineral N than the legume–millet rotations. Nitrogen availability was greater in cowpea–millet rotation than continuous millet. Crop rotation was more productive than the continuous monoculture but did not differ in maintaining soil organic matter. The legume–millet rotation at 30 kg/ha N appears to be the most viable for millet production. Research should focus on understanding the effect of legume/cereal intercrops and rotations on soil productivity.

scholarly journals Reproduction of Pratylenchus penetrans on various rotation crops in Quebec

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Bélair ◽  
Y. Fournier ◽  
N. Dauphinais ◽  
O.P. Dangi
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Foxtail Millet ◽  
Initial Population ◽  
Reproduction Rate ◽  
Pratylenchus Penetrans ◽  
Root Lesion Nematode ◽  
Lesion Nematode ◽  
Rotation Crops ◽  
Rotation Crop

The reproduction of the root-lesion nematode Pratylenchus penetrans was assessed on 12 rotation crops under greenhouse conditions. Brown mustard (Brassica juncea) was the best host and increased the initial population by 17.2 times. Soybean (Glycine max), Japanese millet (Echinochloa frumentacea), rape (B. napus), buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum), white mustard (B. hirta), and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) were also very efficient in multiplying the nematode and were not significantly different from rye (Secale cereale), a standard host crop. Foxtail millet (Setaria italica), oats (Avena sativa), corn (Zea mays), and bromegrass (Bromus inermis) increased the initial population by 5.8, 5.7, 4.5, and 3.2 times respectively, but significantly less than rye. Forage pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) was the poorest host with a reproduction rate of 0.4. These results indicate that most commonly recommended rotation crops are suitable for the build up of P. penetrans populations in the soil with the exception of forage pearl millet. This annual crop has a great potential as a rotation crop for controlling the root-lesion nematode in Quebec.

EFFECT OF ALDICARB, ALDOXYCARB AND OXAMYL ON POTATO TUBER YIELDS AND ROOT LESION NEMATODES

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 611-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. KIMPINSKI ◽  
J. B. SANDERSON
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Potato Tuber ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Russet Burbank ◽  
First Year ◽  
Pratylenchus Penetrans ◽  
Lesion Nematodes ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Root Lesion Nematodes

In a 3-yr field study at Upton, Prince Edward Island, aldicarb at 1.12 and 2.24 kg a.i. ha−1 and oxamyl at 2.24 kg a.i. ha−1 were applied in the furrow with seed potatoes. Nematicide treatments increased tuber yields of Superior by 15.5% (4.6 t ha−1) and yields of Russet Burbank by 9.3% (3.4 t ha−1). Shepody did not respond to nematicide treatments. The effect of aldicarb on average yields of all three cultivars did not differ from that of oxamyl, nor did yields at the higher rate of aldicarb differ from those at the lower rate. In a two-year field study at Harrington, Prince Edward Island, aldicarb and aldoxycarb applied at a rate of 2.24 kg a.i. ha−1 increased yields of Superior by similar amounts of about 40% (9.4 t ha−1). Oxamyl applied at the same rate in the second year had the same impact on yields as aldicarb or aldoxycarb. Nematicide treatments reduced the numbers of root lesion nematodes (primarily Pratylenchus penetrans) in roots and soil at Upton. Both rates of aldicarb had a similar impact, but oxamyl was less effective than the aldicarb treatments in reducing nematode numbers in roots. At Harrington, aldicarb controlled nematode populations more efficiently than aldoxycarb in soil in the first year and in roots in the second year. Aldoxycarb and oxamyl reduced nematode populations to a similar degree.Key words: Aldicarb, aldoxycarb, oxamyl, Pratylenchus penetrans, Solanum tuberosum

scholarly journals Rotation crop effects on Pratylenchus penetrans and subsequent crop yields

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 543-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. B. Jagdale ◽  
B. Ball-Coelho ◽  
J. Potter ◽  
J. Brandle ◽  
R. C. Roy
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Soil Nematode ◽  
Pratylenchus Penetrans

Root damage from Pratylenchus penetrans causes economic losses in many crops. Rotation with poor or non-hosts is a control method that can reduce the use of fumigant nematicides. Short-term experiments were conducted to identify potential non-host sorghum and millet hybrids. In a field experiment, forage pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L. 'CFPM 101'), grain pearl millet ('CGPMH-1'), grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. 'CGSH-7') and rye (Secale cereale L. common) were grown in rotation with tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. 'Delfield'), a known intolerant host. One rye treatment was fumigated prior to tobacco planting in 1998. P. penetrans numbers were lower in forage and grain pearl millet plots than in grain sorghum or rye plots in the year of planting. In the subsequent tobacco crop year, root nematode counts in plots where forage and grain pearl millet were grown were similar to counts in fumigated rye plots and lower than counts in plots where non-fumigated rye and grain sorghum were grown. Tobacco leaf yield was negatively correlated with soil nematode counts from November 1997 to July 1998 (r = −0.48, P = 0.0001), as well as with root counts from July 1998 to September 1998 (r = −0.40, P = 0.0015). This is the first report of P. penetrans suppression by P. glaucum in the field. Further investigation of nematode suppression by pearl millet lines and development of this potentially sustainable farming system is warranted. Key words: Pratylenchus penetrans, Pennisetum glaucum, Secale cereale, Sorghum bicolor, biological control, cropping system

scholarly journals Constraints to Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum) Production and Farmers’ Approaches to Striga hermonthica Management in Burkina Faso

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8460
Author(s):  
Armel Rouamba ◽  
Hussein Shimelis ◽  
Inoussa Drabo ◽  
Mark Laing ◽  
Prakash Gangashetty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Striga Hermonthica ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Central Plateau ◽  
South Central

Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) is a staple food crop in Burkina Faso that is widely grown in the Sahelian and Sudano-Sahelian zones, characterised by poor soil conditions and erratic rainfall, and high temperatures. The objective of this study was to document farmers’ perceptions of the prevailing constraints affecting pearl millet production and related approaches to manage the parasitic weeds S. hermonthica. The study was conducted in the Sahel, Sudano-Sahelian zones in the North, North Central, West Central, Central Plateau, and South Central of Burkina Faso. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire and focus group discussions involving 492 participant farmers. Recurrent drought, S. hermonthica infestation, shortage of labour, lack of fertilisers, lack of cash, and the use of low-yielding varieties were the main challenges hindering pearl millet production in the study areas. The majority of the respondents (40%) ranked S. hermonthica infestation as the primary constraint affecting pearl millet production. Respondent farmers reported yield losses of up to 80% due to S. hermonthica infestation. 61.4% of the respondents in the study areas had achieved a mean pearl millet yields of <1 t/ha. Poor access and the high cost of introduced seed, and a lack of farmers preferred traits in the existing introduced pearl millet varieties were the main reasons for their low adoption, as reported by 32% of respondents. S. hermonthica management options in pearl millet production fields included moisture conservation using terraces, manual hoeing, hand weeding, use of microplots locally referred to as ‘zaï’, crop rotation and mulching. These management techniques were ineffective because they do not suppress the below ground S. hermonthica seed, and they are difficult to implement. Integrated management practices employing breeding for S. hermonthica resistant varieties with the aforementioned control measures could offer a sustainable solution for S. hermonthica management and improved pearl millet productivity in Burkina Faso.

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