For a number of years, the Association of Professors of Public Instruction (APMEP) has studied the problems posed by the evolution of the sciences, especially that aspect of education which concerns instruction in mathematics. Through the auspices of its Commission on Research and Reform, which has taken the initiative to bring things together, contacts have been made with professors of other disciplines, with researchers, with psychologists, and with engineers. The action of the APMEP is not unknown to the membership of the Ministerial Commission for Mathematics Instruction, headed by Professor Lichnerowicz, whose first report, published in March 1967, marked an important change in subsequent procedures.