scholarly journals Electrolyte ions and glutathione enzymes as stress markers in Argania spinosa subjected to drought stress and recovery

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chakhchar Abdelghani ◽  
Lamaoui Mouna ◽  
Aissam Salama ◽  
Ferradous Abderrahim ◽  
Wahbi Said ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Argania Spinosa ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
As Stress ◽  
Glutathione Enzymes

PEG-induced Drought Stress in Plants: A Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 6173-6178
Author(s):  
Shreyas Rajeswar ◽  
Narasimhan S
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Effective Model ◽  
Crop Losses ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Induced Stress ◽  
Peg Treatment ◽  
Significant Factors

Drought is one of the most commonly faced significant factors that impede plant productivity and growth. Especially in the context of agriculture, crop productivity and sustainable farming are most adversely affected by water shortage conditions caused by drought. Plants have several adaptations to respond to such conditions, both physiological as well as metabolic. An understanding of these adaptations is essential to develop a biotechnological solution to the problem of drought-related crop losses across the globe. This review addresses the various changes that plants undergo when subjected PEG (Polyethylene glycol). Various drought stress markers are associated with PEG induced stress are expressed in the biochemistry, physiology, photosynthesis and metabolism of the plant. Therefore PEG treatment in plants are considered as an effective model for drought stress investigation.

Immunoglobulins as Stress Markers?

1984 ◽  
pp. 681-690
Author(s):  
H. Ursin ◽  
R. Mykletun ◽  
E. Isaksen ◽  
R. Murison ◽  
R. Vaernes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Markers ◽  
As Stress

Systemic effects on leaf glutathione metabolism and defence protein expression caused by esca infection in grapevines

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe Valtaud ◽  
Christine H. Foyer ◽  
Pierrette Fleurat-Lessard ◽  
Andrée Bourbouloux
Keyword(s):  
Glutathione Depletion ◽  
Glutathione Metabolism ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Systemic Effects ◽  
Total Glutathione ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Esca Disease ◽  
Glutamylcysteine Synthetase ◽  
As Stress ◽  
Defence Proteins

Esca is a devastating disease of Vitis vinifera L., caused by fungal pathogen(s) inhabiting the wood. The pathogens induce symptoms in the foliage, which are associated with structural and biochemical changes in leaves. The present study was undertaken to examine the effects of the disease on leaf glutathione metabolism in field-grown plants. The glutathione pool decreased and defence proteins such as PR-proteins and chitinases were expressed in the leaves before the appearance of visible symptoms in esca-infected canes. Glutathione depletion was increased as the disease developed in the leaves. The ratio of glutathione disulfide (GSSG) to the total glutathione pool was slightly decreased in leaves without visible symptoms, but it was significantly increased as the disease progressed. The abundance of γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (γ-ECS) transcripts and of γ-ECS protein was greatly decreased in leaves exhibiting esca symptoms. Although glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase transcripts were largely unchanged by the spread of the esca disease, leaf glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities, the amounts of mRNAs encoding GSTU1 and GSTF2 and the abundance of the GSTU1 and GSTF2 proteins were highest at the early stages of infection and then decreased as visible symptoms appeared in the leaves. The GSTF2 protein, which was more abundant than GSTU1, was found in the nucleus and in the cytoplasm, whereas the GSTU1 protein was found largely in the plastids. These data demonstrate that the fungi involved in the esca disease induce pronounced systemic effects in the leaves before the appearance of visible damage. We conclude that the expression of GSTs, the extent of glutathione accumulation and the ratio of GSSG to total glutathione are early indicators of the presence of the esca disease in grapevine canes and thus these parameters can be used as stress markers in field-grown vines.

scholarly journals Differential physiological and antioxidative responses to drought stress and recovery among four contrasting Argania spinosa ecotypes

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelghani Chakhchar ◽  
Mouna Lamaoui ◽  
Salama Aissam ◽  
Abderrahim Ferradous ◽  
Said Wahbi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Argania Spinosa ◽  
Antioxidative Responses

scholarly journals Root system response in Argania spinosa plants under drought stress and recovery

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. e1489669 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Chakhchar ◽  
N. Chaguer ◽  
A. Ferradous ◽  
A. Filali-Maltouf ◽  
C. El Modafar
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Root System ◽  
System Response ◽  
Argania Spinosa

scholarly journals Calcium Mitigates Arsenic Toxicity in Rice Seedlings by Reducing Arsenic Uptake and Modulating the Antioxidant Defense and Glyoxalase Systems and Stress Markers

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anisur Rahman ◽  
Mohammad Golam Mostofa ◽  
Md. Mahabub Alam ◽  
Kamrun Nahar ◽  
Mirza Hasanuzzaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Calcium Supplementation ◽  
Monodehydroascorbate Reductase ◽  
Rice Seedlings ◽  
Arsenic Uptake ◽  
Glyoxalase Ii ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
As Stress ◽  
Hydroponically Grown

The effect of exogenous calcium (Ca) on hydroponically grown rice seedlings was studied under arsenic (As) stress by investigating the antioxidant and glyoxalase systems. Fourteen-day-old rice (Oryza sativaL. cv. BRRI dhan29) seedlings were exposed to 0.5 and 1 mM Na2HAsO4alone and in combination with 10 mM CaCl2(Ca) for 5 days. Both levels of As caused growth inhibition, chlorosis, reduced leaf RWC, and increased As accumulation in the rice seedlings. Both doses of As in growth medium induced oxidative stress through overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by disrupting the antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems. Exogenous application of Ca along with both levels of As significantly decreased As accumulation and restored plant growth and water loss. Calcium supplementation in the As-exposed rice seedlings reduced ROS production, increased ascorbate (AsA) content, and increased the activities of monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and the glyoxalase I (Gly I) and glyoxalase II (Gly II) enzymes compared with seedlings exposed to As only. These results suggest that Ca supplementation improves rice seedlings tolerance to As-induced oxidative stress by reducing As uptake, enhancing their antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems, and also improving growth and physiological condition.

scholarly journals Expression Profiling of Flavonoid Biosynthesis Genes and Secondary Metabolites Accumulation in Populus under Drought Stress

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (18) ◽  
pp. 5546
Author(s):  
Umair Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Junaid Rao ◽  
Cheng Qi ◽  
Qi Xie ◽  
Hamza Armghan Noushahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Hybrid Poplar ◽  
Flavonoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Comprehensive Information ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
As Stress

Flavonoids are key secondary metabolites that are biologically active and perform diverse functions in plants such as stress defense against abiotic and biotic stress. In addition to its importance, no comprehensive information has been available about the secondary metabolic response of Populus tree, especially the genes that encode key enzymes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis under drought stress. In this study, the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis revealed that the expression of flavonoid biosynthesis genes (PtPAL, Pt4-CL, PtCHS, PtFLS-1, PtF3H, PtDFR, and PtANS) gradually increased in the leaves of hybrid poplar (P. tremula × P. alba), corresponding to the drought stress duration. In addition, the activity and capacity of antioxidants have also increased, which is positively correlated with the increment of phenolic, flavonoid, anthocyanin, and carotenoid compounds under drought stress. As the drought stress prolonged, the level of reactive oxygen species such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and singlet oxygen (O2−) too increased. The concentration of phytohormone salicylic acid (SA) also increased significantly in the stressed poplar leaves. Our research concluded that drought stress significantly induced the expression of flavonoid biosynthesis genes in hybrid poplar plants and enhanced the accumulation of phenolic and flavonoid compounds with resilient antioxidant activity.

Metabolomics Response to Drought Stress in Argania Spinosa L. Skeels Ecotypes

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karim RABEH ◽  
Laila SBABOU ◽  
Farid RACHIDI ◽  
Abderrahim Ferradous ◽  
Ghizlan laghmari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Argania Spinosa

Climate change due to heat and drought stress can alter the physiology of Maratheftiko local Cyprian grapevine variety

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 715-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonios Chrysargyris ◽  
Panayiota Xylia ◽  
Omiros Antoniou ◽  
Nikos Tzortzakis
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Stress Exposure ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
P Content ◽  
Moderate Drought ◽  
Leaf Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Abstract The effect of climate change (CC) on viticulture in Europe is of great concern and several international and indigenous grapevine cultivars have been examined for their adaptation to CC. In this study we focused on the short-term effects of light and moderate drought stress (DS) as well as heat stress (HS) on physiological and biochemical stress markers in Maratheftiko cultivar. We showed that leaf photosynthetic rate was decreased with DS and HS after 8 and 20 days. The leaf stomatal conductance was decreased in the case of DS after 8 days, while no differences could be found due to HS. Total phenols and flavonoids content and antioxidant capacity (FRAP and ABTS) were increased and seemed to be dependent on the relevant DS, HS and the period of stress exposure. Chlorophyll fluorescence was decreased in 50% volumetric water content (VWC) after 8 days of DS compared with the 100% VWC (control treatment). Leaf K and P content increased in moderate (50% VWC) irrigation stress and HS. Leaf hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidation increased after 8 days of DS, and this resulted in the increase of antioxidant enzymes activity. Overall, Maratheftiko performance against environmental stresses is related more to short-term DS than HS.

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