Child Soldiers in Africa

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-134
Author(s):  
Martin N. Yina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Child Soldiers ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
Safe Environment ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Globalized World ◽  
The Impact

Modem warfare has a devastating effect on the well-being of children, especially those described as child soldiers. These children are taken out of their safe environment, their rights are violated, and they are subjected by warlords to all forms of suffering that not befit any stage of their life. Their experiences distort their personal development and disrupt family and community life. This essay explores the impact of war on children in a globalized world with particular focus on Sierra Leone and Uganda, two countries in Africa with prolonged wars. Efforts by various organizations and agencies to rehabilitate and reintegrate these children are commendable, but more preventive measures entailing political, economic, andl cultural changes are needed that provide young people with productive opportunities. Contemporary means of communication sensitive to indigenous cultures are also needed to complement folk media and empower people to demobilize and reintegrate child soldiers as well as prevent child soldiering.

scholarly journals Preventive medicine is a cornerstone of health promotion

2018 ◽  
pp. 5-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
NV Polunina ◽  
YuP Pivovarov ◽  
OYu Milushkina
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Preventive Healthcare ◽  
Safe Environment ◽  
Social Interventions ◽  
Healthy Nutrition ◽  
Child Morbidity ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
The Impact

Preventive healthcare encompasses a broad range of medical and social interventions aimed at protecting and promoting public health, averting diseases or reducing the risk of their development. Preventive measures seek to create conducive working conditions and good resting environment, promote physical exercise, healthy nutrition, personal hygiene and sanitation, and eventually improve the well-being of the population. This article reviews a number of research works into the impact of various factors on the health of adults and children. Based on their findings, we propose measures for reducing the effects of harmful factors and incorporating positive factors in our daily life. The model of preventive healthcare adopted in Russia is aimed at preventing adult and child morbidity, increasing life expectancy, promoting positive attitude to health, and creating safe environment.

Development of an Equity, Diversity, Inclusion, and Anti-racism Pledge as the Foundation for Action in an Academic Department of Neurology

Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 97 (15) ◽  
pp. 729-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillian L. Gordon Perue ◽  
Susan E. Fox-Rosellini ◽  
Nicole B. Sur ◽  
Erika Marulanda-Londono ◽  
Jason Margolesky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequality ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Systemic Racism ◽  
National Conversation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Grand Rounds

Recent racial inequities as illustrated by the health disparities in COVID-19 infections and deaths, the recent killings of Black men and women by law enforcement, and the widening socioeconomic inequality and have brought systemic racism into a national conversation. These unprecedented times may have deleterious consequences, increasing stress, and trauma for many members of the neurology workforce. The Equity, Diversity, Inclusion and Anti-Racism Committee within our Department of Neurology provides infrastructure and guidance to foster a culture of belonging and addresses the well-being of faculty, staff, and trainees. Here, we present the creation and implementation of our Equity, Diversity, Inclusion, and Anti-Racism (EDIA) Pledge, which was central to our committee's response to these unprecedented times. We outline the process of developing this unique EDIA Pledge and provide a roadmap for approaching these important topics through a Continuing Medical Education Neurology Grand Rounds aimed at fostering a diverse, inclusive, equitable, and antiracist work environment. Through the lived experiences of 4 faculty members, we identify the impact of bias and microaggressions and encourage allyship and personal development for cultural intelligence. We hope that these efforts will inspire neurology departments and other academic institutions across the globe to make a similar pledge.

THE IMPACT OF EDUCATION ON WOMEN'S PREFERENCES FOR GENDER EQUALITY: EVIDENCE FROM SIERRA LEONE

2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Cannonier ◽  
Naci Mocan
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Well Being ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Age At First Birth ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
Women’S Preferences ◽  
Primary School Age ◽  
The Impact

Abstract:We use data from Sierra Leone where a substantial education program provided increased access to education for primary-school age children but did not benefit children who were older. We exploit the variation in access to the program generated by date of birth and the variation in resources between various districts of the country. We find that an increase in schooling, triggered by the program, has an impact on women's attitudes toward matters that impact women's health and on attitudes regarding violence against women. An increase in education reduces the number of desired children by women and increases their propensity to use modern contraception and to be tested for AIDS. While education makes women more intolerant of practices that conflict with their well-being, increased education has no impact on men's attitudes toward women's well-being. Thus, it is unclear whether the change in attitudes would translate into behavioral changes. Consistent with this finding, education (on this margin) has no impact on women's propensity to get married, their age at first marriage or age at first birth.

Introduction

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camille Deprez ◽  
Judith Pernin
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Documentary Film ◽  
Technological Changes ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
Digital Revolution ◽  
The Past ◽  
Impact Of Technology ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Impact

This introductory chapter sets out the book's purpose, namely to draw attention to the similarities between heterogeneous documentary practices and forms by offering in-depth analyses of significant independent documentary works in the post-1990 era. It examines recent cases where independence is at stake, either in the discourse developed by documentary practitioners themselves or in the supposed systems within which documentary images are produced. Hence, the purpose of this collective volume is to adjust an ever-changing term to the concrete modifications of documentary film practices, as well as to the new constraints and opportunities that have appeared in this field over the past twenty-five years. The technological changes taking place in the 1990s and 2000s have played a significant role in reshaping documentary film practices. However, the consequences of the digital revolution still need to be addressed without overestimating the impact of technology on other political, economic, social, and cultural changes.

scholarly journals Evaluating Quality of Life in Families With Williams Syndrome Patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
ESTHER MORALEDA ◽  
Mario Arana ◽  
Patricia López
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Williams Syndrome ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Williams Syndrome is a developmental disorder characterized by a variable intellectual disability. People with Williams Syndrome need the intervention of several clinical and educational specialists throughout their life. However, little is known about the impact produced by this disability in their immediate environment, especially in families. The purpose was to know the level of quality of life described by families with Williams Syndrome.Methods: The sample was made up of 33 families belong to Spanish Williams Syndrome Association who were evaluated using the Kidslife Scale. Theirs children and adolescents were between 4 and 20 years old. Eight main quality of life dimensions were evaluated: emotional well-being, physical well-being, material well-being, personal development, interpersonal relations, social inclusion, self-determination and rightsResults: The obtained data indicated that the degree and presence of intellectual disability themselves did not homogeneously influence people’s quality of life, but many variables could alter their quality of life to a greater or lesser extent. There are no significant differences between quality of life areas but significant differences appeared for level of dependence in the self-determination subarea (p<.05). Conclusions: These results led us to analyse the social and emotional implications for families and their environment.

scholarly journals Conservation, valuation and sustainable development issues of the Argan Tree Biosphere Reserve in Morocco

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
Tudal E.M. Sinsin ◽  
Fouad Mounir ◽  
Ahmed El Aboudi
Keyword(s):  
Local Population ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
Argan Oil ◽  
Argan Tree ◽  
The World ◽  
Change Dynamic ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Conservation And Management

AbstractThe argan tree is a multi-purpose tree (fruit tree, medicinal, cosmetic, and pastoral plant) found in the semi-arid and arid regions of North Africa. It is under strong human pressure such as the impact of population growth, crop expansion, overgrazing, and wood and fruit exploitation that are also the main causes of desertification in the rest of the world. Over the years, interest in this beneficial tree and demand for its products have increased: especially with the increase in the price of argan oil, which is now one of the most expensive and much in demand oils in the world. This increase has led to many socio-political, economic and cultural changes at the national, regional and local levels, especially in farming behaviour and the habits of the local population. This bibliographic research was therefore conducted in order to analyse the various changes and their consequences on the planning, conservation, and management methods implemented in the argan tree area and their effects on the habits of the local population in order to ensure the sustainability of the Argan Tree Biosphere Reserve in Morocco. Indeed, the aims of this study were, firstly, to analyse the change dynamic of argan forest area in the ABR; and secondly, to investigate the impact of various socio-political, economic and cultural changes resulting from increased prices of argan oil on planning, conservation, and management methods of argan tree ecosystem and on the habits of the local population.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and social services in Spain

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0241538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocío Muñoz-Moreno ◽  
Alfonso Chaves-Montero ◽  
Aleix Morilla-Luchena ◽  
Octavio Vázquez-Aguado
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Vulnerable Population ◽  
The State ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Impact

During the state of alarm declared in Spain by COVID-19 due to the pandemic, the country's authorities declared Social Services and their workers to be essential, considering that the activity of these professionals with the vulnerable population was crucial and that services should continue to be provided to guarantee the well-being of users in this exceptionally serious situation. This article analyzes the impact that the COVID-19 and the state of alarm has had on Spanish social service professionals. An ad hoc questionnaire was used, administered on-line, individually, voluntarily and anonymously to 560 professionals working in social services, both in the public and private sectors, based throughout Spain. This questionnaire has five different parts: socio-demographic profiling, impact that the health crisis has had on the practice of professional functions, degree of knowledge of the measures imposed to guarantee the protection and safety of professionals and users, impact that it has had on the professional and personal development of social services professionals and, the fifth and last part, degree of adaptation of the measures aimed at the care of the vulnerable population. These results are discussed based on the situation in which professionals working in this sector find themselves in the face of the changes they are experiencing in the development of their work, and we are able to determine the profile of the workers who have felt most affected by the situation, with the consequent and foreseeable mental and emotional affectation that this implies. These professionals tend to value more negatively the set of measures developed to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 on Spanish social services.

scholarly journals The Influence of the Professional Orientation of Students of Different Gender on Their Ideas of Happiness

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 51-71
Author(s):  
Olena STROYANOVSKA ◽  
◽  
Liubov DOLYNSKA ◽  
Nataliia SHEVCHENKO ◽  
Nataliia ANDRIIASHYNA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Spiritual Needs ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Professional Orientation ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Political Economic

In the conditions of unstable political, economic and social development of society the problem of quality of life, well-being, satisfaction of each citizen of the country acquires special importance. Research has shown that happiness is determined by various factors (age, marital, social and financial status, physiological status, social relations, personal characteristics), its level changes throughout life and can be corrected by certain psychological methods of influence. The purpose of our study was to study the state of development of the problem of happiness and study the content of the ideas of young people about happiness, their characteristics depending on gender and professional orientation. In order to study the peculiarities of the young generation's ideas about happiness, we studied 250 third-year students aged 20 to 22 years of various specialties. The researched questionnaire was asked to answer the questions, the analysis of which helped to make generalized conclusions about their ideas about happiness. The most of students rate their level of happiness as high or medium. But their level of happiness is much higher than their level of success, which can lead to a contradiction between the desire for success and happiness. This state of affairs requires correction of the content of ideas about happiness in adolescence by providing educational information about awareness of success as a process of self-realization and a component of happiness, the desire for integrated satisfaction of both material and spiritual needs for full personal development.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF SPORTS ON PARALYMPIC ATHLETES’ PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Oleg Kokun ◽  
Ingrida Baranauskienė ◽  
Oleksandr Shamych
Keyword(s):  
Students With Disabilities ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
The Impact

One of the most effective ways of integrating people with disabilities into society and ensuring their comprehensive personal development is to engage people with disabilities into Paralympic Games. Such engagement creates the necessary conditions to socialize people with disabilities, to adapt their physical and mental states to existing living conditions, to ease negative manifestations of their psycho-emotional states, to promote their self-realization. The article presents the results of the research determining the impact of sports on Paralympic athletes’ personal development. The comparison of the indicators of psychological well-being and hardiness of Paralympic athletes with normative values, the indicators shown by students without disabilities and students with disabilities has confirmed proven clear positive influence of sports on Paralympic athletes’ personal development. In particular, Paralympic athletes achieve an optimal level of psychological well-being and a significant increase in all psychological hardiness components.

scholarly journals EXPRESS: Across Time, Across Space and Intersecting in Complex Ways: A Framework for Assessing Impacts of Environmental Disruptions on Nature-Dependent Prosumers

2020 ◽  
pp. 074391562097656
Author(s):  
Laurel Steinfield ◽  
Srinivas Venugopal ◽  
Samuelson Appau ◽  
Andres Barrios ◽  
Charlene Dadzie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Research Perspective ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Marketing Systems ◽  
Subsistence Markets ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Global Systems ◽  
The Impact

Environmental disruptions, such as extreme weather events or poisoning of natural resources, are increasing in frequency and intensity. These critical global problems demand market- and policy-based solutions. Adopting a transformative consumer research perspective, this article examines the effects of environmental disruptions on the livelihoods of a very vulnerable group: nature dependent prosumers (NDPs). NDPs often live in subsistence markets, but the impact of environmental disruptions on their lives can have repercussions throughout local and global systems. This article thus offers practitioners and researchers a framework– the ‘cross-scale intersectionality matrix’ (CSIM)— to better understand the differing impacts of environmental disruptions and envisage effective solutions. The CSIM reveals how environmental disruptions impact marketing systems’ exchanges of production and consumption: i) across multiple spatiotemporal scales, resulting in cross-scale impacts (per eco-systems theory); and ii) in diverse ways for groups/individuals experiencing intersectional power asymmetries such as geo-political/economic power, classism/ableism and sexism (per intersectionality theory). Building on insights from the CSIM framework, this paper proposes improvements to research, and policy and market-based solutions intended to enhance the well-being of NDPs.

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