scholarly journals Different Approaches to Develop More Sustainable Concrete Alternatives

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Pradena ◽  
Andrés César
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
Concrete Durability ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Domestic Waste ◽  
Concrete Material ◽  
Sustainable Concrete

As important as it is, sustainability related with the concrete material is more than reducing the amount of cement in concrete mixes. In effect, there can be other types of contributions to a sustainable development using this fundamental material. The purpose of this book chapter is to analyse some of these approaches, in particular, concrete durability, reducing the amount of required concrete (and then cement) through innovative structural design, and reducing the amount of aggregates used in the concrete material. More specifically, examples and results obtained in Chile with biological self-healing concrete, thinner concrete pavements and concrete with industrial and domestic waste as partial aggregate replacement are included in the chapter. Due to its importance, the geo-dependency of the concrete material is addressed as well.

Can Soy Methyl Esters Improve Concrete Pavement Joint Durability?

2012 ◽  
Vol 2290 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Golias ◽  
Javier Castro ◽  
Alva Peled ◽  
Tommy Nantung ◽  
Bernard Tao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Chemical Degradation ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Concrete Durability ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Fluid Saturation ◽  
Soy Methyl Ester ◽  
Term Performance

Although many concrete pavements provide excellent long-term performance, some pavements (primarily in the Midwest) have shown premature deterioration at the joints. This premature deterioration is a concern because such deterioration can shorten the life of pavements that are otherwise functioning well. Previous work has hypothesized that these joints may be susceptible to preferential fluid saturation, which can lead to freeze–thaw damage or chemical degradation. This work examines the use of soy methyl ester–polystyrene (SME-PS) blends as a method to reduce the rate of fluid ingress into the pore system of the concrete and thereby make the concrete more resistant to deterioration. SME-PS is derived from soybeans and has demonstrated an ability to reduce fluid absorption in concrete when used as a topical treatment. A series of experiments was developed to evaluate the effectiveness of various dosage rates of SME-PS for increasing concrete durability at pavement joints. The experiments show that SME-PS reduces fluid ingress, salt ingress, and the potential for freeze–thaw damage. As a result of the positive experimental results, the Indiana Department of Transportation is conducting field trials that use SME-PS on concrete pavements that are beginning to show signs of premature deterioration with the expectation that SME-PS will extend the life of the joints and thereby reduce maintenance cost and extend the life of concrete pavements.

Mix Design and Structural Design for Concrete Pavements

2017 ◽  
pp. 455-514
Author(s):  
Rajib B. Mallick ◽  
Tahar El-Korchi
Keyword(s):  
Structural Design ◽  
Mix Design ◽  
Concrete Pavements

Two Ways of Closing Cracks on Asphalt Concrete Pavements: Microcapsules and Induction Heating

2009 ◽  
Vol 417-418 ◽  
pp. 573-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvaro Garcia ◽  
Erik Schlangen ◽  
Martin Van de Ven
Keyword(s):  
Induction Heating ◽  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Healing Rate ◽  
Local Heating ◽  
The Other ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Accumulated Damage ◽  
Conductive Particles ◽  
Induction Energy

It is well known that asphalt concrete is a self healing material: immediately after both faces of a crack are in contact, the diffusion of molecules from one face to the other starts. If there are no more loads, this process takes place until the crack has completely disappeared and the material has recovered its original resistance [1]. To increase this healing rate two methods are proposed. The first one is a passive self-healing mechanism. Embedded encapsulated chemicals are used in the binder. When microcracks start appearing in the binder due to the combination of ageing and accumulated damage, they break the capsules and the chemicals enter the binder by diffusion. These chemicals repair the material, decreasing the stiffness and increasing the healing rates of bitumen. The second approach makes use of an active self healing mechanism. Local heating inside the material is used to repair the binder and to improve the properties again. This is realized by adding conductive particles to the binder and using induction energy to increase the temperature. These methods are a fairly new concept in the asphalt industry.

scholarly journals Sustainable Development Strategy Of Domestic Waste Infrastructure In The City Of Surakarta

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 05003
Author(s):  
Arya Rezagama ◽  
Purwono ◽  
Verika Damayanti
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Institutional Development ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Waste Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Domestic Waste ◽  
Traditional System

Shifting from traditional system to large, centralised infrastructure domestic waste is widely complex challenge. Most of fhe sanitary system on household in Surakarta use on site septictank, 17% sewerage system reached and16,0% stll open defecations. Sanitation development sustained aims to develop policy and strategies waste management domestic Surakarta in the long term (20 years). The projection use quantitative method and institutional condition approach by SWOT analysis. Surakarta City get priority sanitation urban planning from Indonesian government in Presiden Joko Widodo era. The domestic waste management systems that is Surakarta divided into system on-site and system off site. Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP) mojosongo, WWTP pucangsawit and WWTP Semanggi will be developed to treat 30% domestic waste of Surakarta Residence. While on-site system will are served 70% residence by service programs Regular Cleaning Septictank. The toughest challenge is how to increase community participation in waste management and improve the company”s financial condition. Sanitation sustainable development is going to happen if supported by facility development also good, institutional development, the arrangement that oversees, and the public participation.

scholarly journals Laboratory Characterization of The Load Transfer-Crack Width Relation for Innovative Short Concrete Slabs Pavements

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 232-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Pradena ◽  
Lambert Houben ◽  
Andrés César
Keyword(s):  
Structural Design ◽  
Crack Width ◽  
Load Transfer ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Design Methods ◽  
Transfer Efficiency ◽  
Concrete Slabs ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Load Transfer Efficiency ◽  
Reduced Scale

Aggregate interlock is the dominant load transfer mechanism in non-dowelled Jointed Plain Concrete Pavements, as the innovative short concrete slabs. Although the Load Transfer Efficiency of this pavement innovation is based on that mechanism, the structural design methods do not relate the Load Transfer Efficiency by aggregate interlock with its direct cause, which is the Crack Width under the joints. The objective of the present article is to characterise in the laboratory the Load Transfer Efficiency−Crack Width relation for innovative short slabs Jointed Plain Concrete Pavements. Additionally, as an alternative to large-scale laboratory tests to study the Load Transfer Efficiency, a practical test on a reduced scale is proposed. The results confirmed that short slabs Jointed Plain Concrete Pavements with high-quality aggregates are able to provide adequate Load Transfer Efficiency (above 70%) without dowels bars. Based on the laboratory results, complemented with previous field data, a Load Transfer Efficiency−Crack Width curve is proposed and made available for structural design methods of short slabs Jointed Plain Concrete Pavements. Finally, the laboratory test on a reduced scale is useful to develop specific Load Transfer Efficiency−Crack Width relations using standard equipment available in traditional concrete laboratories.

scholarly journals Bio-Influenced Self-Healing Mechanism in Concrete and Its Testing: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 5161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert A. Griño ◽  
Ma. Klarissa M. Daly ◽  
Jason Maximino C. Ongpeng
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Latent Dirichlet Allocation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Concrete Material ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Load Combination ◽  
Micro Cracks ◽  
To Come ◽  
Concrete Matrix

The micro-cracks in concrete structures are inevitable due to deterioration throughout their service life through various load combination factors. For that reason, there is a need to repair and maintain the concrete in order to prevent the cracks from propagating, which can decrease the service life of the structure. Using bacteria is one of the possible solutions to repair and heal the cracks. Recent research has shown that, in order to achieve the extended service life of a concrete material, a bio-influenced material, such as bacteria, can be used in order to induce the autonomous self-healing of cracks in concrete. Many researchers are still exploring the potential of bacteria for improving the durability and strength of concrete. However, an inclusive literature review revealed that a self-healing mechanism using bacteria can still be improved. There is an imperative need to conduct a comprehensive review about the recent development of and studies into the self-healing mechanism of concrete, in particular with the behavior of bacteria and its effect on the macro, micro and nanostructure of the concrete matrix. This review article can reveal the potential research gap, predict the emerging research topics and define all existing problems or challenges about the bio-influenced self-healing mechanism in concrete. The latest articles are summarized and analyzed using the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) in Matlab software in order to come up with a possible area of development and future research into bio-concrete. Microencapsulated technology and acoustic emission could be the emerging methods for evaluating the performance of the bacteria and detecting real time cracks inside the concrete matrix in the future. However, there are still existing problems and challenges regarding the adoption of bacteria in the field of construction industry.

scholarly journals Investigation of Particle-Related Clogging of Sustainable Concrete Pavements

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aryssa Marcaida ◽  
Tan Nguyen ◽  
Jaehun Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Permeability Coefficient ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Permeability Reduction ◽  
Permeable Pavement ◽  
Sustainable Concrete ◽  
Discharge Velocity ◽  
Severe Reduction ◽  
Sand Particles ◽  
Surface Permeability

Permeable pavement has been considered an effective low impact development (LID) strategy in attempts to mitigate the environmental impacts of natural surface depletion brought about by urbanization. A concern associated with the pavement’s hydraulic performance is its sensitivity to clogging. This study aims to investigate the permeability reduction due to particle-related clogging of pervious concrete (PC), a type of sustainable pavement surface. Permeability tests revealed that the flow within PC samples shows turbulence, and a nonlinear relationship between discharge velocity and hydraulic gradient is necessary to measure the permeability coefficient. Permeability loss due to particle-clogging is influenced by the size of both PC aggregates and clogging particles. Clogging with graded sand particles causes more severe reduction compared to single-sized sands.

Self-Healing Microbial Concrete - A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 990 ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
Sasan Farhadi ◽  
Shervin Ziadloo
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Concrete Structure ◽  
Concrete Durability ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Bacillus Pasteurii ◽  
Structure Degradation ◽  
Healing Agent

The cracks naturally exist in concrete and make it weak to the deleterious environment, ending with structure degradation. According to this fact, concrete requires to be improved and remediated. Self-healing methods are considered as a helpful way to mitigate the propagation and development of the cracks in the concrete. Bio-mineralization methods can heal the concrete by using bacteria suchlike Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus pasteurii, which can seal the cracks by CaCO3 precipitation. The literature represents the MICP method of using bacteria in concrete, which can improve the concrete durability by increasing the compressive strength. Furthermore, the different kinds of bacteria used in the concrete structure and the methods of employing as a self-healing agent review. Moreover, it illustrates B. Pasteurii and B. Sphaericus has more efficient results between other bacteria due to increasing the compressive strength and lifespan of the concrete.

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