scholarly journals An Engineering Point of View on the Use of the Hydrogels for Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Applications

10.5772/64299 ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaetano Lamberti ◽  
Anna Angela Barba ◽  
Sara Cascone ◽  
Annalisa Dalmoro ◽  
Diego Caccavo
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Point Of View

scholarly journals Design of Additively Manufactured Structures for Biomedical Applications: A Review of the Additive Manufacturing Processes Applied to the Biomedical Sector

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flaviana Calignano ◽  
Manuela Galati ◽  
Luca Iuliano ◽  
Paolo Minetola
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Disruptive Technology ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
Successful Case ◽  
Design Perspective ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques ◽  
Am Processes

Additive manufacturing (AM) is a disruptive technology as it pushes the frontier of manufacturing towards a new design perspective, such as the ability to shape geometries that cannot be formed with any other traditional technique. AM has today shown successful applications in several fields such as the biomedical sector in which it provides a relatively fast and effective way to solve even complex medical cases. From this point of view, the purpose of this paper is to illustrate AM technologies currently used in the medical field and their benefits along with contemporary. The review highlights differences in processes, materials, and design of additive manufacturing techniques used in biomedical applications. Successful case studies are presented to emphasise the potentiality of AM processes. The presented review supports improvements in materials and design for future researches in biomedical surgeries using instruments and implants made by AM.

HYBRID NANOFLUID FLOWS THROUGH A VERTICAL DISEASED CORONARY ARTERY WITH HEAT TRANSFER

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150012
Author(s):  
M. A. EL KOT ◽  
Y. ABD ELMABOUD
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Volume Concentration ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Hybrid Nanofluid ◽  
Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Catheter Tube ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
Shed Light

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are now widely used because of their synthesis compatibility and less toxicity in several biomedical applications such as cancer treatment. From the fluid mechanics point of view, we examine the behavior of a mixture of gold and Titanium Oxide nanoparticles, which suspended in the blood as a base fluid in the diseased coronary artery. The main goal of this paper is to examine and shed light on the hybrid nanofluid flows through a vertical diseased artery in the presence of the catheter tube with heat transfer. The mathematical model is established and then solved with the Laplace and the finite Hankel transforms. The inverse of the transformed functions has been calculated numerically. The velocity, the pressure, the impedance and the heat transfer are discussed graphically. It is noteworthy to mention that the mixture of the nanoparticles dispersed in the blood needs high pressure to push it. The impedance of blood is proportional to the overall volume concentration of the nanoparticles and Reynolds number.

scholarly journals New Developments in Medical Applications of Hybrid Hydrogels Containing Natural Polymers

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 1539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelia Vasile ◽  
Daniela Pamfil ◽  
Elena Stoleru ◽  
Mihaela Baican
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Synthetic Polymers ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Organic Hybrid ◽  
Hybrid Hydrogels ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Polymeric Hydrogels

New trends in biomedical applications of the hybrid polymeric hydrogels, obtained by combining natural polymers with synthetic ones, have been reviewed. Homopolysaccharides, heteropolysaccharides, as well as polypeptides, proteins and nucleic acids, are presented from the point of view of their ability to form hydrogels with synthetic polymers, the preparation procedures for polymeric organic hybrid hydrogels, general physico-chemical properties and main biomedical applications (i.e., tissue engineering, wound dressing, drug delivery, etc.).

scholarly journals Eu3 + doped hydroxyapatite as a fluorescent material for biomedical applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-57
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Fluorescent Microscopy ◽  
Luminescent Properties ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Fluorescent Material ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Biocompatibility Test ◽  
Mineralogical Phase

The present study is based on obtaining a contrast agent but improved with a mineralogical phase for hard tissue medical imaging. In this sense, Eu3 + is used for the contrast agent part, because of the luminescent properties and for the action part on bone regeneration the hydroxyapatite is used. The obtained mix focuses on the promotion of information regarding the development of new bone tissue, which is evidenced by the luminescent Eu3 +. Using a simple method of synthesis, it was obtained a luminescent europium-doped nanohydroxyapatite which was characterized by physico-chemical and biological point of view. With the SEM, TEM and XRD equipment’s the morphological and structural properties were analyzed. Also, to evaluate the luminescent features of the obtained material it was subjected to the UV-Vis and photoluminescence (PL) spectra. Because of the fact that the material has application in medical investigation and not only, it was performed a biocompatibility test (MTT assay) and fluorescent microscopy. The results can be a promising start due to its characteristics, in such manner the Eu3 + doped hydroxyapatite can be used as a fluorescent material for biomedical applications [1].

scholarly journals Extrusion-Based 3D Printing of Microfluidic Devices for Chemical and Biomedical Applications: A Topical Review

Micromachines ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Pranzo ◽  
Piero Larizza ◽  
Daniel Filippini ◽  
Gianluca Percoco
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Microfluidic Devices ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
The World ◽  
Low Costs ◽  
Machine Structure

One of the most widespread additive manufacturing (AM) technologies is fused deposition modelling (FDM), also known as fused filament fabrication (FFF) or extrusion-based AM. The main reasons for its success are low costs, very simple machine structure, and a wide variety of available materials. However, one of the main limitations of the process is its accuracy and finishing. In spite of this, FDM is finding more and more applications, including in the world of micro-components. In this world, one of the most interesting topics is represented by microfluidic reactors for chemical and biomedical applications. The present review focusses on this research topic from a process point of view, describing at first the platforms and materials and then deepening the most relevant applications.

Ti-Mo-Zr-Ta Alloy for Biomedical Applications: Microstructures and Mechanical Properties

2017 ◽  
Vol 750 ◽  
pp. 184-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mădălina Simona Bălţatu ◽  
Petrică Vizureanu ◽  
Marcelin Benchea ◽  
Mirabela Georgiana Minciună ◽  
Dragoş Cristian Achiţei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Medical Application ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Hardness Tests ◽  
Indentation And Hardness ◽  
Low Modulus ◽  
Microstructures And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Micro Indentation

Titanium alloys are widely used as biomaterials for their excellent properties. In the last years, low modulus β-type Ti-based alloys are being developed. The aim of this paper is developing of an original Ti-based alloy improved with non-toxic elements, characterized from point of view of microstructures and mechanical properties: micro-indentation and hardness tests. Results shown that TiMoZrTa have a small elastic modulus closer to the bone with possible medical application.

scholarly journals Simultaneous Coercivity and Size Determination of Magnetic Nanoparticles

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (14) ◽  
pp. 3882
Author(s):  
Annelies Coene ◽  
Jonathan Leliaert
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Magnetic Characterization ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Characterization Technique ◽  
Measurement Signal ◽  
Particle Imaging

Magnetic nanoparticles are increasingly employed in biomedical applications such as disease detection and tumor treatment. To ensure a safe and efficient operation of these applications, a noninvasive and accurate characterization of the particles is required. In this work, a magnetic characterization technique is presented in which the particles are excited by specific pulsed time-varying magnetic fields. This way, we can selectively excite nanoparticles of a given size so that the resulting measurement gives direct information on the size distribution without the need for any a priori assumptions or complex postprocessing procedures to decompose the measurement signal. This contrasts state-of-the-art magnetic characterization techniques. The possibility to selectively excite certain particle types opens up perspectives in “multicolor” particle imaging, where different particle types need to be imaged independently within one sample. Moreover, the presented methodology allows one to simultaneously determine the size-dependent coercivity of the particles. This is not only a valuable structure–property relation from a fundamental point of view, it is also practically relevant to optimize applications like magnetic particle hyperthermia. We numerically demonstrate that the novel characterization technique can accurately reconstruct several particle size distributions and is able to retrieve the coercivity–size relation of the particles. The developed technique advances current magnetic nanoparticle characterization possibilities and opens up exciting pathways for biomedical applications and particle imaging procedures.

scholarly journals An overview of the effects of thermal processing on bioactive glasses

2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Bellucci ◽  
V. Cannillo ◽  
A. Sola
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Processing ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Glass Composition ◽  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Porous Scaffolds ◽  
Bioactive Glasses ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Highly Porous

Bioglass? 45S5 is widely used in biomedical applications due to its ability to bond to bone and even to soft tissues. The sintering ability of Bioglass? powders is a key factor from a technological point of view, since its govern the production of advanced devices, ranging from highly porous scaffolds to functionalized coatings. Unfortunately this particular glass composition is prone to crystallize at the temperature required for sintering and this may impair the bioactivity of the original glass. For these reasons, a prerequisite to tailor the fabrication of Bioglass?-derived implants is to understand the interaction between sintering, crystallization and bioactivity. In this work the structural transformations which occur during the heat treatment of Bioglass? are reviewed and a special attention is paid to the sintering and crystallization processes. Moreover the bioactivity of the final glass-ceramics is discussed and some alternative glass formulations are reported.

scholarly journals Electrochemical Non-Enzymatic Detection of Glucose Based on 3D Electroformed Copper on Ni Foam Nanostructures

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2752
Author(s):  
Gheorghe Melinte ◽  
Andreea Cernat ◽  
Aurora Petica ◽  
Oana Lazar ◽  
Marius Enachescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Ni Foam ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Analytical Properties ◽  
Golden Standard ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Enzymatic Detection ◽  
Stability Issues

Despite the fact that the electrochemical biosensors based on glucose oxidase represent the golden standard for the management of diabetes, the elaboration of nonenzymatic sensors became extensively studied as an out-of-the-box concept that aims to simplify the existing approach. An important point of view is represented by the low price of the sensing device that has positive effects for both end-users and healthcare systems. The enzyme-free sensors based on low-cost materials such as transition metals have similar analytical properties to the commercial ones while eliminating the issues associated with the presence of the enzyme, such as the stability issues and limited shelf-life. The development of nanoporous nanomaterials for biomedical applications and electrocatalysis was referred to as an alternative to the conventional methods due to their enlarged area, electrical properties, ease of functionalization and not least to their low cost. Herein, we report the development of an electrochemical nonenzymatic sensor for glucose based on 3D copper nanostructures with Ni foams as promotor of the enhanced nanoporous morphology. The sensors were successfully tested in the presence of the designated target, even in the presence of common interference agents found in biological samples.

scholarly journals Ultrasensitive Magnetic Field Sensors for Biomedical Applications

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry Murzin ◽  
Desmond J. Mapps ◽  
Kateryna Levada ◽  
Victor Belyaev ◽  
Alexander Omelyanchik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Quantum Interference ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Nitrogen Vacancy ◽  
Physical Point ◽  
Atomic Lattice ◽  
Magnetic Field Sensors

The development of magnetic field sensors for biomedical applications primarily focuses on equivalent magnetic noise reduction or overall design improvement in order to make them smaller and cheaper while keeping the required values of a limit of detection. One of the cutting-edge topics today is the use of magnetic field sensors for applications such as magnetocardiography, magnetotomography, magnetomyography, magnetoneurography, or their application in point-of-care devices. This introductory review focuses on modern magnetic field sensors suitable for biomedicine applications from a physical point of view and provides an overview of recent studies in this field. Types of magnetic field sensors include direct current superconducting quantum interference devices, search coil, fluxgate, magnetoelectric, giant magneto-impedance, anisotropic/giant/tunneling magnetoresistance, optically pumped, cavity optomechanical, Hall effect, magnetoelastic, spin wave interferometry, and those based on the behavior of nitrogen-vacancy centers in the atomic lattice of diamond.

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