scholarly journals Monitoring Harmful Microalgae by Using a Molecular Biological Technique

Food Quality ◽  
10.5772/34251 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomotaka Shiraishi ◽  
Ryoma Kamikawa ◽  
Yoshihiko Sako ◽  
Ichiro Imai
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Biological Technique ◽  
Biological Technique ◽  
Harmful Microalgae

scholarly journals High prevalence of unusual genotypes of Toxoplasma gondii infection in pork meat samples from Erechim, Southern Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
RN Belfort ◽  
Veronique Nussenblatt ◽  
Luiz Rizzo ◽  
Cristina Muccioli ◽  
Claudio Silveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Restriction Analysis ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Molecular Biological Technique ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Biological Technique ◽  
Infectious Uveitis ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection ◽  
Meat Samples

Toxoplasmosis is the most common cause of infectious uveitis in Brazil, with a higher frequency in the South of the country. We have collected samples from porcine tongue and diaphragm obtained in both large and small abattoirs and used molecular biological technique to determine the prevalence of infection and RFLP analysis to type the parasites. Seventeen out of 50 (34%) samples from the diaphragm and 33 out of 50 (66%) samples from the tongue demonstrated a positive PCR reaction for T. gondii and restriction analysis of four of the positive samples revealed that all had a type I genotype at SAG2. However, when other unlinked loci were analyzed, these strains had a type III genotype at markers BTUB, SAG3, and GRA6. One of the strains (8T) had a type II allele at SAG3, indicating it has a combination of alleles normally seen in the clonal lineages. Our sampling indicates a high prevalence of infection and suggests that unusual genotypes of T. gondii are found in Brazil even among domesticated pigs.

scholarly journals Methane production pathway in biogas reservoirs via molecular biological technique

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofang WEI ◽  
Jishun QIN ◽  
Yanhua SHUAI ◽  
Keyu LIU ◽  
Yijing LUO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methane Production ◽  
Molecular Biological Technique ◽  
Biological Technique

Determination of the microbial diversity of anaerobic-aerobic activated sludge by a novel molecular biological technique

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 417-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Tso Liu ◽  
Terence L. Marsh ◽  
Larry J. Forney
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
16S Rdna ◽  
Microbial Population ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
Molecular Biological Technique ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Dramatic Difference ◽  
Biological Technique ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length

Sequential anaerobic-aerobic batch reactors were maintained on acetate/peptone and two different P/total organic carbon ratios that select for microbial communities enriched for either glycogen-accumulating organisms (GAO) or polyphosphate-accumulating organism (PAO). The community profiles of the eubacterial population and gram-positive high G-C bacteria (HGC) were characterized and compared by determining the terminal restriction fragment length polymorphisms (T-RFLP) of 16S rDNA. The HhaI+RsaI digested 5′ T-RFLP patterns of the eubacterial 16S rDNA amplified from the GAO- and PAO-enriched communities were made up with 12 and 14 rank-abundant fragments (i.e., ribotypes), respectively. Among those ribotypes detected in the GAO-enriched community, only seven were found in the PAO-enriched community. The HGC group could only account for no more than 6% and 17% of the eubacterial 16S rDNA amplified from the GAO- and PAO-enriched communities, respectively. Within the HGC community, at least 16 and 10 rank-abundant ribotypes were observed in the MspI digested T-RFLP patterns of GAO- and PAO-enriched communities, respectively. Among those HGC ribotypes observed in both communities, only five were in common. These indicate that the enrichment processes leading to the establishment of GAO- and PAO-specific communities caused the dramatic difference and complexity in the microbial population.

scholarly journals A Selective Medium for Vibrio anguillarum from Cultured Fish and Rapid Identification by Molecular Biological Technique.

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-120
Author(s):  
Hideki Kobayashi ◽  
Tetsuo Morozumi ◽  
Tamae Asawa ◽  
Masahito Miyake ◽  
Kenji Mitani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Anguillarum ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Selective Medium ◽  
Molecular Biological Technique ◽  
Cultured Fish ◽  
Biological Technique

Multilocus DNA fingerprints in seven species of salmonids

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 600-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel D. Heath ◽  
Robert H. Devlin ◽  
Thomas J. Hilbish ◽  
George K. Iwama
Keyword(s):  
Dna Fingerprinting ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
Signal Strength ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Dna Fingerprint ◽  
Dna Fingerprints ◽  
Molecular Biological Technique ◽  
Evolutionary Studies ◽  
Biological Technique

DNA fingerprinting is a molecular biological technique that is widely used for identifying parentage and relatedness in plants and animals. To identify new DNA fingerprinting probes for use with salmonids, Southern blots of genomic DNA from chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) were hybridized at low stringencies with 12 different oligonucleotides designed from published core sequences of variable number of tendem repeats. Seven of the 12 oligonucleotides produced highly variable fingerprint-like patterns; however, only 3 of these had clear, distinct bands. The estimated heterozygosity for one population of chinook salmon using the three oligonucleotides as probes ranged from 0.64 to 0.77. Those three oligonucleotides were further hybridized with DNA from two unrelated individuals from six other species of salmonids. A single-locus DNA fingerprint probe originally developed for chinook salmon was also hybridized with DNA from the other six species at moderate stringency. There were differences in the complexity and signal strength of the resulting banding pattern between species for a given probe. Estimates of variability (heterozygosity and band sharing) for the three oligonucleotide probes and OtSL1 were high, indicating that the probes were potentially useful genetic markers. The availability of these additional DNA fingerprint probes should assist in ecological and evolutionary studies in salmonids, as well as in efforts to estimate genetic diversity of populations.

Role of Heart Rate Reduction in the Management of Myocarditis

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Guang-Yi ◽  
Ge Li-Sha ◽  
Li Yue-Chun
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Nitrosative Stress ◽  
Ventricular Remodeling ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Viral Myocarditis ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Heart Rate Reduction ◽  
Rate Reduction ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Biological Technique

The morbidity of myocarditis demonstrates an upward tendency by years, is commonly defined as the inflammation of myocytes and is caused by multiple factors. With the development of the molecular biological technique, great breakthroughs in the diagnosis and understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms of myocarditis have recently been achieved. Several questions remain unresolved, however, including standard treatment approaches to myocarditis, which remain controversial and ambiguous. Heart rate, as an independent risk factor, has been shown to be related to cardiac disease. Recent studies also show that the autonomic nervous system is involved in immunomodulatory myocarditis processes. Heart rate reduction treatment is recommended in myocarditis based on a number of animal experiments and clinical trials. It is possible that heart rate-lowering treatments can help to attenuate the inflammatory response and myocyte injury and reverse ventricular remodeling. However, how to execute the protective effects of heart rate reduction on myocarditis is still not clear. In this review, we discuss the pathogenesis and pathophysiological process of viral myocarditis and propose heart rate lowering as a therapeutic target for myocarditis, especially in light of the third-generation β-blockade carvedilol and funny channel blocker ivabradine. We also highlight some additional beneficial effects of such heart rate reduction agents, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidation, anti-nitrosative stress, anti-fibrosis and antiapoptosis properties.

scholarly journals Cell Cycle, Division Rate, and Feeding of the Heterotroph Phalacroma rotundatum in a Chilean Fjord

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 451
Author(s):  
Patricio A. Díaz ◽  
Iván Pérez-Santos ◽  
Gonzalo Álvarez ◽  
Michael Araya ◽  
Francisco Álvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Austral Summer ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Local Characteristic ◽  
Reference List ◽  
Shellfish Poisoning ◽  
Division Rate ◽  
Bottom Waters ◽  
Harmful Microalgae ◽  
And Behavior

Phalacroma rotundatum is a rare cosmopolitan heterotrophic dinoflagellate. This species, included in the IOC-UNESCO Taxonomic Reference List of Harmful Microalgae, may be a diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) toxin vector, but little is known about its ecophysiology and behavior. A vertical net haul collected during the austral summer of 2018 in Reloncaví Sound (Chilean Patagonia) revealed an unusually abundant population of P. rotundatum and prompted intensive 24 h sampling on 16–17 January to study the cell cycle and feeding behavior of this species. Hydrographic measurements from a buoy revealed the local characteristic estuarine circulation, with a brackish surface layer (salinity 26–28) separated from saltier, colder bottom waters by a pycnocline at a depth modulated by the tidal regime. A high proportion of P. rotundatum cells were packed with digestive vacuoles (peak of 70% at 14:00), and phased cell division (µ = 0.46 d−1) occurred 3 h after sunrise. The division time (TD) was 2 h. This is the first cell cycle study of P. rotundatum. The results here disagree with those of previous field studies that considered asynchronous division in some Dinophysis species to be related to heterotrophic feeding. They also question the very specific prey requirements, Tiarina fusus, reported for P. rotundatum in northern Europe.

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