scholarly journals The Immobilized Lipases in Biodiesel Production

10.5772/25246 ◽  
2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita Stoytcheva ◽  
Gisela Montero ◽  
Lydia Toscano ◽  
Velizar Gochev ◽  
Benjamin Valdez
Keyword(s):  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Immobilized Lipases

scholarly journals Ultrasound affects the selectivity and activity of immobilized lipases applied to fatty acid ethyl ester synthesis

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e46582 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Carlos Quilles Junior ◽  
Ana Lucia Ferrarezi ◽  
Janaina Pires Borges ◽  
Jessika Souza Rossi ◽  
Daniela Alonso Bocchini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Ethyl Ester ◽  
Acid Ethyl Ester ◽  
Fatty Acid Ethyl Ester ◽  
Ethyl Linoleate ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Novozym 435 ◽  
Thermomyces Lanuginosus ◽  
Ethyl Palmitate ◽  
Immobilized Lipases

Hydrophobic carriers can be used to improve the activity, stability and other properties of enzymes. Physical agents, like ultrasound, may also contribute to improving the dispersion and collision of the reagent molecules, decreasing the reaction time and intensifying the catalytic process. However, its effect on the enzyme activity and reaction selectivity is still not entirely understood. Here, enzyme modulation of immobilized lipases was studied under pulsed ultrasound irradiation in fatty acid ethyl ester (FAEE) synthesis for biodiesel production. Novozym 435® and two commercial lipases from Thermomyces lanuginosus and Rhizomucor miehei, immobilized on Octadecyl-Sepabeads were used as a biocatalyst in the transesterification reaction of vegetable oils and ethanol. The use of ultrasound associated with catalysis by the Novozym 435 increased the production of FAEE by about three times (from 8.9 to 26.4%) using soybean oil and changes were observed in the profile of the products. From the sonicated reaction, ethyl-palmitate production decreased from 23.4 to 11.7%, while the ethyl-linoleate content rose from 47.5 to 59.2%. On the other hand, the T. lanuginosus lipase was less affected by sonication with the overall production of FAEE increasing from 17.2 to 24.1%, with ethyl-palmitate and ethyl-linoleate content changing from 16.2 to 17.5% and 55.0 to 47.8%, respectively. Although the changes in the production yield are not too high, the main idea here was to show that ultrasound modulates the lipase activity as well as its respective selectivity. Thus, ultrasound, is responsible for changing the ethyl ester production, which can be applied to many other biochemical processes to improve or modulate their synthesis yield.

scholarly journals Co-Immobilization of Rhizopus oryzae and Candida rugosa Lipases onto mMWCNTs@4-arm-PEG-NH2—A Novel Magnetic Nanotube–Polyethylene Glycol Amine Composite—And Its Applications for Biodiesel Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (21) ◽  
pp. 11956
Author(s):  
Saadiah A. Abdulmalek ◽  
Kai Li ◽  
Jianhua Wang ◽  
Michael Kidane Ghide ◽  
Yunjun Yan
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Rhizopus Oryzae ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Candida Rugosa ◽  
Enzymatic Reaction ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Synergy Effect ◽  
Immobilized Lipases ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted

This article describes the successful synthesis of a novel nanocomposite of superparamagnetic multi-walled nanotubes with a four-arm polyethylene glycol amine polymer (mMWCNTs@4-arm-PEG-NH2). This composite was then employed as a support for the covalent co-immobilization of Rhizopus oryzae and Candida rugosa lipases under appropriate conditions. The co-immobilized lipases (CIL-mMWCNTs@4-arm-PEG-NH2) exhibited maximum specific activity of 99.626U/mg protein, which was 34.5-fold superior to that of free ROL, and its thermal stability was greatly improved. Most significantly, CIL-mMWCNTs@4-arm-PEG-NH2 was used to prepare biodiesel from waste cooking oil under ultrasound conditions, and within 120 min, the biodiesel conversion rate reached 97.64%. This was due to the synergy effect between ROL and CRL and the ultrasound-assisted enzymatic process, resulting in an increased biodiesel yield in a short reaction time. Moreover, after ten reuse cycles, the co-immobilized lipases still retained a biodiesel yield of over 78.55%, exhibiting excellent operational stability that is attractive for practical applications. Consequently, the combined use of a novel designed carrier, the co-immobilized lipases with synergy effect, and the ultrasound-assisted enzymatic reaction exhibited potential prospects for future applications in biodiesel production and various industrial applications.

scholarly journals Improved biodiesel from palm oil using lipase immobilized calcium alginate and Irvingia gabonensis matrices

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarafadeen Olateju Kareem ◽  
Esther Imole Falokun ◽  
Saka Adebayo Balogun ◽  
Oluwaseyi A. Akinloye ◽  
Sunday Osaizua Omeike
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Calcium Alginate ◽  
Kinematic Viscosity ◽  
Immobilized Lipase ◽  
Flash Point ◽  
Fuel Properties ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Immobilized Lipases ◽  
Irvingia Gabonensis ◽  
Free Lipase

Abstract Background Lipase is an important microbial enzyme and biocatalyst in biodiesel production. The study investigated fuel properties of biodiesel produced from palm oil (PO) using lipase immobilized on Irvingia gabonensis and calcium alginate. Results Biodiesel yield from PO using free and immobilized lipases was highest at 35 °C and pH 7, with product yield using calcium alginate-immobilized lipase, CAIL (94.42, 96.9%) higher than using Irvingia gabonensis-immobilized lipase, IGIL (92.54, 95.8%). Biodiesel produced using immobilized lipases had similar pour point, cloud point, and kinematic viscosity, and they possessed improved fuel properties compared to free lipase biodiesel in terms of densities at 15 °C and flash point. Pour points, flash point, and kinematic viscosity of biodiesel produced using CAIL and IGIL met American and European Standards but density at 15 °C and cloud points are below both standards. CAIL and IGIL biodiesel had similar fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) compounds and consisted more of unsaturated fatty acids (hexadecanoate, 9-octadecenoate, octadecanoate, dodecanoate, and 9,12-octadeca-dienoate) than obtained in biodiesel from free lipase. IGIL and CAIL were re-used in 8 and 12 cycles respectively, with > 90% biodiesel yield achieved in four and 11 cycles. Conclusions The study showed that lipase immobilized on Irvingia gabenensis and calcium alginate and used in biodiesel production retained high enzyme activity and biodiesel yield in repeated cycles.

scholarly journals Biodiesel production from waste oils by immobilized lipases transesterification

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. S153
Author(s):  
E. Ricca ◽  
M.G. De Paola ◽  
V. Calabrò ◽  
S. Curcio ◽  
G. Iorio
Keyword(s):  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Immobilized Lipases ◽  
Waste Oils

scholarly journals Biodiesel production from microalgae by enzymatic transesterification

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Abhishek Guldhe
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Enzymatic Conversion ◽  
Microalgal Biomass ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Immobilized Lipases ◽  
Microalgal Lipids

Main focus of this study is to investigate the enzymatic-conversion of microalgal lipids to biodiesel. However, preceding steps before conversion such as drying of microalgal biomass and extraction of lipids were also studied. Downstream processing of microalgae has several challenges and there is very little literature available in this area. S. obliquus was grown in the pilot scale open pond cultivation system for biomass production. Different techniques were studied for biomass drying and extraction of lipids from harvested microalgal biomass. Effect of these drying and extraction techniques on lipid yield and quality was assessed. Energy consumption and economic evaluation was also studied. Enzymatic conversion of microalgal lipids by extracellular and whole cell lipase application was investigated. For both applications, free and immobilized lipases from different sources were screened and selected based on biodiesel conversion. Process parameters were optimized using chosen extracellular and whole cell lipases; also step-wise methanol addition was studied to improve the biodiesel conversion. Immobilized lipase was studied for its reuse. Final biodiesel was characterized for its fuel properties and compared with the specifications given by international standards. Enzymatic conversion of microalgal lipids was compared with the conventional homogeneous acid-catalyzed conversion. Enzymatic conversion and chemical conversion were techno-economically investigated based on process cost, energy consumption and processing steps. Freeze drying was the most efficient technique, however at large scale economical sun drying could also be selected as possible drying step. Microwave assisted lipid extraction performed better compared to sonication technique. Immobilized P. fluorescens lipase in extracellular application and A. niger lipase in whole cell application showed superior biodiesel conversion. The extracellular immobilized P. fluorescens lipase showed better biodiesel conversion and yields than the immobilized A. niger whole cell lipase. Both the enzyme catalysts showed lower biodiesel conversion compared to conventional chemical catalyst and higher processing cost. However, techno-economic analysis showed that, the reuse potential of immobilized lipases can significantly improve the economics. Fewer purification steps, less wastewater generation and minimal energy input are the benefits of enzymatic route of biodiesel conversion. Microalgae as a feedstock and lipase as a catalyst for conversion makes overall biodiesel production process environmentally-friendly. Data from this study has academic as well as industrial significance. Conclusions from this study form the basis for greener and sustainable scaling-up of microalgal biodiesel production process.

Immobilized lipases for biodiesel production: Current and future greening opportunities

2020 ◽  
Vol 134 ◽  
pp. 110355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Quayson ◽  
Jerome Amoah ◽  
Shinji Hama ◽  
Akihiko Kondo ◽  
Chiaki Ogino
Keyword(s):  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Immobilized Lipases

Production and use of immobilized lipases in/on nanomaterials: A review from the waste to biodiesel production

2020 ◽  
Vol 152 ◽  
pp. 207-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Zhong ◽  
Yuxiao Feng ◽  
Gaoyang Wang ◽  
Ziyuan Wang ◽  
Muhammad Bilal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Immobilized Lipases

scholarly journals Developments in the Use of Lipase Transesterification for Biodiesel Production from Animal Fat Waste

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 5085
Author(s):  
Fidel Toldrá-Reig ◽  
Leticia Mora ◽  
Fidel Toldrá
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Magnetic Nanomaterials ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Support Materials ◽  
Animal Fat ◽  
Immobilized Lipases ◽  
Operational Variables ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Alkaline Catalysis

Biodiesel constitutes an attractive source of energy because it is renewable, biodegradable, and non-polluting. Up to 20% biodiesel can be blended with fossil diesel and is being produced and used in many countries. Animal fat waste represents nearly 6% of total feedstock used to produce biodiesel through alkaline catalysis transesterification after its pretreatment. Lipase transesterification has some advantages such as the need of mild conditions, absence of pretreatment, no soap formation, simple downstream purification process and generation of high quality biodiesel. A few companies are using liquid lipase formulations and, in some cases, immobilized lipases for industrial biodiesel production, but the efficiency of the process can be further improved. Recent developments on immobilization support materials such as nanoparticles and magnetic nanomaterials have demonstrated high efficiency and potential for industrial applications. This manuscript reviews the latest advances on lipase transesterification and key operational variables for an efficient biodiesel production from animal fat waste.

Biodiesel production from non-edible oils: A review

2020 ◽  
pp. 149-159
Author(s):  
Jatinder Kataria ◽  
Saroj Kumar Mohapatra ◽  
Amit Pal
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Control Measure ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Animal Fats ◽  
The World

The limited fossil reserves, spiraling price and environmental impact due to usage of fossil fuels leads the world wide researchers’ interest in using alternative renewable and environment safe fuels that can meet the energy demand. Biodiesel is an emerging renewable alternative fuel to conventional diesel which can be produced from both edible and non-edible oils, animal fats, algae etc. The society is in dire need of using renewable fuels as an immediate control measure to mitigate the pollution level. In this work an attempt is made to review the requisite and access the capability of the biodiesel in improving the environmental degradation.

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