scholarly journals Influence of Food Allowance on Nutrient Utilization of Oat (Avena sativa) Hay by Goats and Feeding Value of Leftovers from High Levels of Offer in Sheep

1999 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 723-727
Author(s):  
N. Dutta ◽  
K. Sharma ◽  
Q. Z. Hasan ◽  
N. N. Pathak
Keyword(s):  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Influence Of Food ◽  
Feeding Value

scholarly journals Preparation of Wastelage with Poultry Droppings and Oat Forage (Avena sativa) as a Feed for Cattle

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-237
Author(s):  
H Khatun ◽  
RI Khan ◽  
M Moniruzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Plastic Container ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract ◽  
Feeding Value ◽  
Organic Matter Digestibility ◽  
Poultry Droppings

In this experiment, wastelage was prepared by ensiling Oat forage (Avena sativa) with fresh caged layer excreta (CLE) at varying proportions to investigate the feeding values of wastelage for cattle and protect environment from poultry droppings. Oat forage was mixed with 0, 20, 40 and 60% CLE and 5% molasses in each treatment on dry matter (DM) basis and ensiled in air tight plastic container under room temperature. After 56 days, ensiled mixtures were opened. All the wastelages had desirable aroma, yellowish green color, soft texture and were mould free. The pH, DM, crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), ether extra ct (EE), ash, nitrogen free extract (NFE), in vitro organic matter digestibility and metabolizable energy were significantly influenced by levels of CLE. The percentages of DM, CP and Ash (37.34, 18.95 and 14.45, respectively) were highest in wastelage with 60% CLE (p<0.05) followed by 40 and 20% CLE. The pH, CF and NFE were decreased linearly (p<0.05) from 4.5 to 3.90, 19.91 to 17.81% and 52.34 to 44.71%, respectively as the level of CLE increased from 0 to 60%. In all treatments, the EE content was not significantly influenced by the different level of CLE. The in vitro organic matter digestibility and metabolizable energy also increased significantly (p<0.05) with the increase of CLE and maximum value (65.5% and 9.10 MJ/kg DM, respectively) was obtained in wastelage with 40% CLE, which was statistically identical with 60% CLE. The results suggest that ensiling Oat forage with up to 60% CLE improve the feeding value of wastelage.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v6i1.22072 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 6(1): 233-237 2013

Effect of food allowance on diet selectivity and intake of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) stover leaves by sheep

1994 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Fernández-Rivera ◽  
A. Midou ◽  
H. Marichatou
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre ◽  
Influence Of Food ◽  
Feeding Value ◽  
Effect Of Food ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Degradable Protein

AbstractThe influence of food allowance or level of food excess on diet selectivity and intake by sheep given pearl millet stover leaves, and the potential feeding value of the food leftovers (not eaten) (L) were studied. Animals were given food at four levels of L (100, 300, 500 and 700 g dry matter (DM) per day). All sheep received different food allowances (A, g DM per day) and had different L/A and A/M (g DM per kg M) ratios. An additional treatment consisted of feeding the leftovers from the two highest levels of food excess to six rams to have 300 g DM of L per day. A diet supplement was given to provide sufficient rumen degradable protein and sulphur to sustain microbial activity. Variances of organic matter (OM) digestibility (OMD, g/kg) and intake (g/kg M0·75) of both DM (DMI) and digestible OM (DOMI) of the original millet leaves were analysed using L, L/A, A/M and A/M0·75as independent variables. Variation accounted for was highest when OMD was analysed as a function of L/A (R2= 0·34) and when DMI was analysed as a function of A/M (R2= 0·79) or A/M0·75(R2= 0·80). The response in OMD to varying L/A was best described by the equation OMD = 457 (s.e. 16) + 157 (s.e. 48) L/A. As L/A or A/M increased, L had a lower concentration of acid-detergent fibre and a higher in sacco OM disappearance. As A/M increased, DOMI and L/A increased following a diminishing return pattern. However, when A/M fell below 31·1 (s.e. 0·9) g DM per kg M, DOMI decreased linearly. No differences (P> 0·33) were observed for OMD between the original food (505 (s.e. 8) g/kg) and the re-fed leftovers (489 (s.e. 15) g/kg), but DOMI was lower with the latter (22•4 (s.e. 0·4) v. 20·3 (s.e. 0·8) g/kg M0˙75,P< 0·03). Results suggest that DOMI of millet stover should be determined at L/A much higher than the traditionally recommended (0·15), and support the hypothesis that farmers could benefit from feeding millet stover at high allowances to animals of high economic value and give the leftovers to less valuable or less selective stock.

The feeding value of grain screenings for ruminants: Chemical composition and nutrient utilization

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 673-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Marx ◽  
J. J. McKinnon ◽  
A. F. Mustafa ◽  
D. A. Christensen ◽  
V. J. Racz
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Feeding Value ◽  
Ruminal Degradability ◽  
Voluntary Intake ◽  
Different Levels

The objectives of this study were to determine the chemical and nutrient utilization characteristics of grain screening pellets (GSP) for ruminants. One ruminally fistulated cow was used to determine ruminal nutrient degradability characteristics of GSP relative to barley grain. Twenty-one growing lambs were used to determine voluntary intake and total tract nutrient digestibility coefficients for GSP relative to regular and thin barley. Seven diets were formulated with different levels of GSP, and thin or regular barley at ratios of 100:0; 75:25; 50:50; 25:75. On a dry matter (DM) basis, GSP contained 337 ± 17.4 g kg−1 neutral detergent fiber (NDF), 209 ± 21.1 g kg−1 acid detergent fiber (ADF), 151 ± 11.1 g kg−1 crude protein (CP), and 262 ± 61.5 g kg−1 starch. Ruminal degradability of DM and NDF of GSP was lower (P < 0.05) while that for CP was higher (P < 0.05) than barley grain. Effective ruminal degradability of starch for GSP and barley exceeded 900 g kg−1. Results of the sheep trial showed that as the level of GSP increased, voluntary intake increased (P < 0.05) and total tract digestibility coefficients of DM, NDF, and gross energy (GE) decreased (P < 0.05). The digestibility coefficients of DM, NDF, and GE for GSP were 666 g kg−1, 294 g kg−1, and 698 J kJ−1, respectively. The digestible energy (DE) content of GSP (13.8 MJ kg−1) was similar to that of thin barley and 11% lower (P < 0.5) than that of regular barley. It was concluded that while GSP exhibited reduced ruminal and total tract nutrient utilization relative to regular barley, this feed product is a good source of energy and protein for growing ruminants. Key words: Grain screening pellets, barley, thin barley, nutrient utilization

SEM Cold Stage Techniques for the Observation of Vegetative and Floral Apices of Oat (Avena sativa L.) Plants

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 590-591
Author(s):  
B. K. Kirchoff ◽  
L.F. Allard ◽  
W.C. Bigelow
Keyword(s):  
Critical Point ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Substantial Improvement ◽  
Fresh Tissue ◽  
Cold Stage ◽  
Critical Point Drying ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Cell Collapse ◽  
Conductive Paint ◽  
Carbon Based

In attempting to use the SEM to investigate the transition from the vegetative to the floral state in oat (Avena sativa L.) it was discovered that the procedures of fixation and critical point drying (CPD), and fresh tissue examination of the specimens gave unsatisfactory results. In most cases, by using these techniques, cells of the tissue were collapsed or otherwise visibly distorted. Figure 1 shows the results of fixation with 4.5% formaldehyde-gluteraldehyde followed by CPD. Almost all cellular detail has been obscured by the resulting shrinkage distortions. The larger cracks seen on the left of the picture may be due to dissection damage, rather than CPD. The results of observation of fresh tissue are seen in Fig. 2. Although there is a substantial improvement over CPD, some cell collapse still occurs.Due to these difficulties, it was decided to experiment with cold stage techniques. The specimens to be observed were dissected out and attached to the sample stub using a carbon based conductive paint in acetone.

PPARα and PPARβ/δ Activation by Oat (Avena sativa) Oil Stimulates Keratinocyte Differentiation and Ceramide Synthesis

Planta Medica ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 79 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Chon ◽  
R Earland ◽  
A Pappas ◽  
KA Reynertson ◽  
MD Southall
Keyword(s):  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Keratinocyte Differentiation ◽  
Ceramide Synthesis
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