scholarly journals The influence of Hypholoma fasciculare and Phlebiopsis gigantea on the growth of Heterobasidion annosum in vitro

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-154
Author(s):  
Piotr Łakomy ◽  
Joanna Zieniewicz ◽  
Tomasz Świdkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Heterobasidion Annosum ◽  
Root Pathogen ◽  
Phlebiopsis Gigantea ◽  
Pathogen Strains ◽  
Hypholoma Fasciculare

The influence of two saprotrophes — isolates of <i>Hypholoma fasciculare</i> and <i>Phlebiopsis gigantea</i> on the growth of thirty three root pathogen strains — <i>Heterobasidion annosum</i> was analysed. Two methods were used. The different reaction in paired cultures among saprotrophe and pathogen isolates suggest, that one isolate of <i>H. annosum</i> is not enough to study the interaction between this pathogen and saprophytes in vitro irrespective of the method used.

scholarly journals In vitro interactions between Armillaria species and potential biocontrol fungi

2009 ◽  
pp. 129-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nenad Keca
Keyword(s):  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Penicillium Sp ◽  
Phlebiopsis Gigantea ◽  
Armillaria Species ◽  
In Vitro Interactions ◽  
Biocontrol Fungi ◽  
Hypholoma Fasciculare

Interaction between Armillaria species and seven other fungi were tested in vitro. Tree antagonistic (Trichoderma viride, Trichotecium roseum and Penicillium sp.) and four decaying (Hypholoma fasciculare? Hypholoma capnoides, Phlebiopsis gigantea, and Pleurotus ostreatus) fungi were chosen for this study. The best results were noted for Trichoderma viride, because fungus was able to kill both mycelia and rhizomorphs of Armillaria species, while Hypholoma spp. inhibited both growth of Armillaria colonies and rhizomorph production.

Physiological specialization of Heterobasidion annosum on conifer hosts

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (8) ◽  
pp. 2396-2400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Hsiang ◽  
R. L. Edmonds
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Tsuga Heterophylla ◽  
Heterobasidion Annosum ◽  
Conifer Species ◽  
Woody Tissue ◽  
Great Range ◽  
Conifer Trees

Eight conifer hosts belonging to five conifer species were inoculated in vitro with conidial suspensions of eight isolates of Heterobasidion annosum from Washington and California. The conifer trees were represented in inoculation tests by 1 cm diameter branch disks of 0.7 cm thickness. The ability of H. annosum to colonize dying woody tissue was assessed in terms of the number of conidiophores produced on the disks, measured 2 to 3 weeks after inoculation. Analysis of variance showed that there was a great range in conidiophore production with most of this variation attributable to host differences rather than to differences between the pathogen isolates. A second analysis involving four Tsuga heterophylla trees and five isolates showed similar results. In both the interspecific analysis with eight trees and the intraspecific analysis with four T. heterophylla trees, there were significant differential interactions between the isolates and the trees. This indicated that physiological specialization exists in this natural disease system at both the host-interspecific and host-intraspecific levels.

Effects of leaching on fungal growth and decay of western redcedar

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 578-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell J. Chedgy ◽  
Young Woon Lim ◽  
Colette Breuil
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Heterobasidion Annosum ◽  
Thuja Plicata ◽  
Western Redcedar ◽  
Coniophora Puteana ◽  
Soil Block ◽  
Block Test ◽  
Thuja Plicata Donn

We tested the effect of leaching on the concentration of western redcedar (WRC; Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don) heartwood extractives that are known to exhibit antimicrobial activity and correlated this with fungal growth and decay. We assessed the extractive tolerance of the following fungal species: Acanthophysium lividocaeruleum , Coniophora puteana , Heterobasidion annosum , Pachnocybe ferruginea , Phellinus sulphurascens , and Phellinus weirii by measuring their growth rate (mm/day) on media with or without WRC leachate. These data were correlated with the ability of the fungal species to grow on and decay leached versus nonleached WRC. We used an ergosterol assay to estimate growth and a standard soil-block test to assess decay. We estimated that leaching reduced the concentration of 5 major extractives: (–)-plicatic acid, β-thujaplicin, γ-thujaplicin, β-thujaplicinol, and thujic acid by ~80%. Phellinus sulphurascens exhibited the lowest extractive-tolerance in vitro, grew poorly on and caused minimal decay in nonleached WRC, but it grew well on and decayed pine and leached WRC. Coniophora puteana, H. annosum, and P. weirii displayed moderate to high tolerance to leachate, grew on and caused decay in nonleached as well as leached WRC, but their growth and decay were always greatest on leached WRC and pine, suggesting that leaching enhances decay by these fungi. Acanthophysium lividocaeruleum and Pachnocybe ferruginea exhibited high extractive-tolerance. Whereas A. lividocaeruleum clearly caused decay on all types of wood, no decay was observed with Pachnocybe ferruginea, which grew very slowly in the different wood species, and it may or may not be able to decay wood.

scholarly journals Resistance behaviour of Septoria tritici to some fungicides in the territory of the Czech Republic

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludvik Tvaružek ◽  
P. Horáková ◽  
L. Ji
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Septoria Tritici ◽  
Resistance Development ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Colony Diameter ◽  
Dmi Fungicides ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Pathogen Strains

Reduction of colony diameter using two DMI-fungicides and one strobilurine fungicide was evaluated in the <i>Septoria tritici</i> population. In an <i>in vitro</i> assay, 57 strains of <i>S. tritici</i> originating from different parts of the Czech Republic were grown on agar plates containing different concentrations of fungicides. The mean EC<sub>50</sub> values of strains were analysed for flusilazole (Capitain), metconazole (Caramba) and one strobilurine fungicide: azoxystrobin (Amistar). ED 50 values for metconazole were low. There were highly significant correlation in reaction of pathogen strains to metconazole and flusilazole. Some isolates showed significant higher level of resistance to azoxystrobin. The data will be used in a continuing survey of resistance development in the <i>S. tritici</i> population originating from the territory of the Czech Republic.

scholarly journals Screening of Allium Tester Lines in Vitro with Pyrenochaeta terrestris Filtrates

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew C. Ludwig ◽  
John F. Hubstenberger ◽  
Gregory C. Phillips ◽  
G. Morris Southward
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
In Vitro Screening ◽  
Root Pathogen ◽  
Field Nursery ◽  
Pyrenochaeta Terrestris ◽  
Root Resistance

Callus cultures were established from intraspecific lines of Allium cepa L., interspecific F1 progeny of A. cepa crossed to A. fistulosum L. and to A. galanthum L., advanced generations of A. fistulosum x A. cepa backcrossed to A. cepa, and lines of A. fistulosum and A. galanthum. These genotypes had been identified as susceptible, resistant, or partially resistant tester lines based on prior seedling and field nursery screenings using the pink-root pathogen Pyrenochaeta terrestris (Hansen) Gorenz, Walker and Larson. Tester line calli were challenged in vitro with culture filtrates of the fungal pathogen and were assessed by visible damage ratings expressed as the percentage of pigmentation in response to the filtrate. The degrees of callus sensitivity to the filtrate observed in vitro corresponded well with the in vivo tester line classifications. These results eliminated the possible confounding influence of using various species of Allium for in vitro screening. Our results indicated the suitability of the in vitro screening approach for the possible identification of useful segregants or somaclonal variants possessing pink-root resistance. However, in vivo pathogenicity may involve mechanisms in addition to sensitivity to the putative toxins present in the filtrate.

scholarly journals Relative In Vitro Wood Decay Resistance of Sapwood from Landscape Trees of Southern Temperate Regions

HortScience ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela Baietto ◽  
A. Dan Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Wood Decay ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Decay Resistance ◽  
Decay Rates ◽  
Heterobasidion Annosum ◽  
Decay Fungi ◽  
Wood Decay Fungi ◽  
Landscape Trees

The development of wood decay caused by 12 major root-rot and trunk-rot fungi was investigated in vitro with sapwood extracted from nine ornamental and landscape hardwood and conifer species native to southern temperate regions of North America, Europe, and the lower Mississippi Delta. Wood decay rates based on dry weight loss for 108 host tree–wood decay fungi combinations were compared at 21 °C over 1-year and 2-year incubation periods in the absence of tree-resistance mechanisms. Strains of Armillaria mellea, Ganoderma lucidum, and Heterobasidion annosum exhibited the highest decay potential in most tree species tested. The order of fungi causing the greatest decay varied over time as a result of temporal changes in decay-rate curves. Relative wood durability or resistance to decay generally was greater in gymnosperm than in angiosperm wood types. Quercus nuttallii, Fraxinus pennsylvanica, and Quercus lyrata sustained the highest levels of decay by all fungi. Northern white cedar (Thuja occidentalis) sapwood was most resistant to decay by all rot-fungi tested, sustaining only limited weight loss after 1 and 2 years of decay, although sapwood of Pinus taeda, Liquidambar styraciflua, and Platanus occidentalis had relatively low levels of decay after 2 years. These results in combination with data from portable decay-detection devices provide useful information for the management of tree breakages or failures resulting from wood decay fungi in hazardous landscape trees. Some potential landscaping applications for tree evaluations, risk assessments, and selections for tree-replacement plantings are discussed.

scholarly journals Growth and Antagonism of <i>Trichoderma</i> spp. and Conifer Pathogen <i>Heterobasidion annosum</i> s.l. <i>in Vitro</i> at Different Temperatures

2012 ◽  
Vol 02 (03) ◽  
pp. 295-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vizma Nikolajeva ◽  
Zaiga Petrina ◽  
Livija Vulfa ◽  
Laura Alksne ◽  
Daina Eze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heterobasidion Annosum ◽  
Different Temperatures
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