scholarly journals Meeting visual quality objectives with operational radial-strip partial cutting in coastal British Columbia: A post-harvest assessment

2004 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-223
Author(s):  
Stephen Sheppard ◽  
Paul Picard ◽  
Robert G D’Eon
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Visual Quality ◽  
Sensitive Area ◽  
Partial Cutting ◽  
Aesthetic Quality ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Partial Harvesting ◽  
Coastal British Columbia ◽  
Radial Strip ◽  
Forest Managers

The spectacular aesthetic quality of British Columbia's coastal forests has long been an issue for forest managers who must often meet government-imposed visual quality objectives. The result of such objectives within traditional clearcutting silvicultural systems has often been large reductions in otherwise allowable timber removals. In this document we present the results of a post-harvest analysis of an operational trial using radial-strip partial harvesting in a highly visually sensitive area of coastal British Columbia. The analysis confirmed that this innovative form of partial harvesting successfully met visual quality requirements, while concurrently permitting significantly more timber extraction, in an operationally feasible manner, than would have been available under a traditional clearcutting system. We attribute the visual success of this harvest method in a highly visually sensitive area primarily to: (1) the radial pattern of linear clearings where it is not possible to see more than a few cleared strips from any one vantage point; (2) the avoidance of a regular series of parallel geometric clearings; (3) the narrow clearing width, which maximises bare ground screening; (4) feathered edges, which avoided highly contrasting edges of the strips; and (5) green tree retention across age classes. Faller and management experience with this method is expected to result in higher productivity and lower costs in the future. This harvesting technique appears to present a viable alternative to clearcutting for forest managers working in visually sensitive areas. Future work should focus on understanding and determining impacts on other factors such as ecological values and silvicultural goals. Key words: aesthetics, partial-cutting, simulation, VIA, visual impact assessment, VQO, visual quality objective

Optimal skyline corridor spacing for partial cutting in second-growth stands of coastal British Columbia

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 368-375
Author(s):  
Andrew F. Howard ◽  
Dag Rutherford ◽  
G. Glen Young
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Significant Cost ◽  
Partial Cutting ◽  
Mathematical Basis ◽  
Optimal Distance ◽  
Second Growth ◽  
Optimal Spacing ◽  
Coastal British Columbia

This paper presents the findings of a study on the economically optimal spacing of skyline corridors in partial cuts in second-growth stands of British Columbia. The mathematical basis for optimal spacing of corridors is presented for rectangular settings when trees are felled in a herring-bone pattern to facilitate yarding. The model is used in a case study where optimal spacing is compared with actual spacing for two yarding systems observed in the field. The results indicate that significant cost savings are possible from spacing skyline corridors at the optimal distance compared with conventional spacing used by the logging contractors.

Damage to residual trees from cable yarding when partial cutting second-growth stands in coastal British Columbia

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 1392-1396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew F. Howard
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Partial Cutting ◽  
Western Redcedar ◽  
Second Growth ◽  
Cable Yarding ◽  
Cable Systems ◽  
Residual Tree ◽  
Stand Damage ◽  
Stand Conditions ◽  
Coastal British Columbia

Damage to residual trees associated with a specific combination of stand conditions, silvicultural treatment, and harvesting system must be known if this information is to guide foresters in the design of prescriptions for individual stands planned for partial cutting. A study was made of residual tree damage in two stands of second growth in coastal British Columbia that were partially cut and the timber was yarded with cable systems. Damage to residual trees was found to be high at both sites. The percentage of trees damaged decreased with increasing distance from the skyline corridor, and bigger trees were less likely to be damaged than small ones. Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco) was shown to be the least susceptible to damage, followed by western hemlock (Tsugaheterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) and finally western redcedar (Thujaplicata Donn ex D. Don). Wider spacing of skyline corridors is suggested as one means for reducing stand damage.

scholarly journals Terrestrial lichen response to partial cutting in lodgepole pine forests on caribou winter range in west-central British Columbia

Rangifer ◽  
2011 ◽  
pp. 119-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaela J. Waterhouse ◽  
Harold M. Armleder ◽  
Amanda F. L. Nemec
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Group Selection ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Woody Debris ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Woodland Caribou ◽  
Partial Cutting ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
West Central ◽  
The Impact

In west-central British Columbia, terrestrial lichens located in older, lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) forests are important winter forage for woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou). Clearcut harvesting effectively removes winter forage habitat for decades, so management approaches based on partial cutting were designed to maintain continuous lichen-bearing habitat for caribou. This study tested a group selection system, based on removal of 33% of the forest every 80 years in small openings (15 m diameter), and two irregular shelterwood treatments (whole-tree and stem-only harvesting methods) where 50% of the stand area is cut every 70 years in 20 to 30 m diameter openings. The abundance of common terrestrial lichens among the partial cutting and no-harvest treatments was compared across five replicate blocks, pre-harvest (1995) and post-harvest (1998, 2000 and 2004). The initial loss of preferred forage lichens (Cladonia, Cladina, Cetraria and Stereocaulon) was similar among harvesting treatments, but there was greater reduction in these lichens in the openings than in the residual forest. After eight years, forage lichens in the group selection treatment recovered to pre-harvest amounts, while lichen in the shelterwood treatments steadily increased from 49 to 57% in 1998 to about 70% of pre-harvest amounts in 2004. Although not part of the randomized block design, there was substantially less lichen in three adjacent clearcut blocks than in the partial cuts. Regression analysis pre- and post-harvest indicated that increased cover of trees, shrubs, herbs, woody debris and logging slash corresponded with decreased forage lichen abundance. In the short-term, forestry activities that minimize inputs of woody debris, control herb and shrub development, and moderate the changes in light and temperatures associated with canopy removal will lessen the impact on lichen. Implementation of stand level prescriptions is only one aspect of caribou habitat management. A comprehensive approach should consider all factors and their interactions to maintain a viable population of woodland caribou in west-central British Columbia.

Influence of the time and rate of liquid-manure application on yield and nitrogen utilization of silage corn in south coastal British Columbia

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Zebarth ◽  
J. W. Paul ◽  
O. Schmidt ◽  
R. McDougall
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Dairy Manure ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
N Recovery ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Residual Soil ◽  
Soil Nitrate ◽  
Liquid Manure ◽  
Manure Application ◽  
Coastal British Columbia

Manure-N availability must be known in order to design application practices that maximize the nutrient value of the manure while minimizing adverse environmental impacts. This study determined the effect of time and rate of liquid manure application on silage corn yield and N utilization, and residual soil nitrate at harvest, in south coastal British Columbia. Liquid dairy or liquid hog manure was applied at target rates of 0, 175, 350 or 525 kg N ha−1, with or without addition of 100 kg N ha−1 as inorganic fertilizer, at two sites in each of 2 yr. Time of liquid-dairy-manure application was also tested at two sites in each of 2 yr with N-application treatments of: 600 kg N ha−1 as manure applied in spring; 600 kg N ha−1 as manure applied in fall; 300 kg N ha−1 as manure applied in each of spring and fall; 200 kg N ha−1 applied as inorganic fertilizer in spring; 300 kg N ha−1 as manure plus 100 kg N ha−1 as inorganic fertilizer applied in spring; and a control that received no applied N. Fall-applied manure did not increase corn yield or N uptake in the following growing season. At all sites, maximum yield was attained using manure only. Selection of proper spring application rates for manure and inorganic fertilizer were found to be equally important in minimizing residual soil nitrate at harvest. Apparent recovery of applied N in the crop ranged from 0 to 33% for manure and from 18 to 93% for inorganic fertilizer. Key words: N recovery, manure management

STRUCTURE, STRATIGRAPHY, AND PALEONTOLOGY OF AN UPPER TRIASSIC SECTION ON THE WEST COAST OF BRITISH COLUMBIA

1965 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 442-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Carlisle ◽  
Takeo Susuki
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Pillow Lava ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Upper Triassic ◽  
Coast Range ◽  
Thermal Alteration ◽  
The West ◽  
Coastal British Columbia ◽  
Sedimentary Unit

The highly deformed section at Open Bay is one of the few good exposures of a thick sedimentary unit within the prebatholithic rocks along coastal British Columbia. It provides new structural information relating to emplacement of a part of the Coast Range batholith and it contains an important Upper Triassic fauna unusually well represented. Structural and paleontological analyses are mutually supporting and are purposely combined in one paper.Thirteen ammonite genera from 14 localities clearly substantiate McLearn's tentative assignment to the Tropites subbullatus zone (Upper Karnian) and suggest a restriction to the T. dilleri subzone as defined in northern California.Contrary to an earlier view, the beds are lithologically similar across the whole bay except for variations in the intensity of deformation and thermal alteration. Their contact with slightly older relatively undeformed flows is apparently a zone of dislocation. Stratigraphic thicknesses cannot be measured with confidence, and subdivision into "Marble Bay Formation" and "Open Bay Group" cannot be accepted. Open Bay Formation is redefined to include all the folded marble and interbedded pillow lava at Open Bay. Lithologic and biostratigraphic correlation is suggested with the lower middle part of the Quatsino Formation on Iron River, 24 miles to the southwest. Basalt flows and pillowed volcanics west of Open Bay are correlated with the Texada Formation within the Karmutsen Group.The predominant folding is shown to precede, accompany, and follow intrusion of numerous andesitic pods and to precede emplacement of quartz diorite of the batholith. Structural asymmetry is shown to have originated through gentle cross-folding and emplacement of minor intrusives during deformation.

“Boil them Hearts”

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-74
Author(s):  
Jason Redden
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Scholarly Literature ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Theoretical Inquiry ◽  
Critical Exploration ◽  
Coastal British Columbia ◽  
Academic Study

This paper addresses the academic conversation on Protestant missions to the Indigenous peoples of coastal British Columbia during the second half of the nineteenth century through a consideration of the role of revivalist piety in the conversion of some of the better known Indigenous Methodist evangelists identified in the scholarly literature. The paper introduces the work of existing scholars critically illuminating the reasons (religious convergence and/or the want of symbolic and material resources) typically given for Indigenous, namely, Ts’msyen, conversion. It also introduces Methodist revivalist piety and its instantiation in British Columbia. And, finally, it offers a critical exploration of revivalist piety and its role in conversion as set within a broader theoretical inquiry into the academic study of ritual and religion.

Some Morphological Differences Between the Subspecies of Cutthroat Trout, Salmo clarkii clarkii and Salmo clarkii lewisi, in British Columbia

1959 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 903-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. U. Qadri
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Complete Separation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Natural Distribution ◽  
Spot Number ◽  
Coastal Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Coastal British Columbia

Coastal cutthroat trout, S. c. clarkii Richardson, occupy most lakes and streams of coastal British Columbia, including the adjacent islands. Yellowstone cutthroat, S. c. lewisi (Girard), occupy southeastern British Columbia; their range is separated from that of the coastal subspecies by a zone lacking cutthroat trout. A map showing all natural distribution records in the province is presented. From 60 to 146 specimens were examined for distinguishing characters. Spots below the lateral line are more numerous towards the anterior end in S. c. clarkii, but more numerous towards the posterior end in S. c. lewisi. A plot of spot number in selected areas of the body provides almost complete separation of individuals of the two subspecies. Significant differences also occur in certain scale counts and in body and peduncle depth, although these characters overlap considerably between the subspecies. No difference was found in vertebral count.

An examination of controls on debris flow mobility: Evidence from coastal British Columbia

Geomorphology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 114 (4) ◽  
pp. 601-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.H. Guthrie ◽  
A. Hockin ◽  
L. Colquhoun ◽  
T. Nagy ◽  
S.G. Evans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Debris Flow ◽  
Flow Mobility ◽  
Coastal British Columbia

scholarly journals Does the Cascade Wolf Survive?

Oryx ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-190
Author(s):  
Robert Pisano
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Domestic Dogs ◽  
Coastal Forests ◽  
Complete Protection ◽  
Wolf Management ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Coastal British Columbia ◽  
Special Protection

The Cascade wolf Cants lupus fuscus is extinct in the USA. But it may survive in Canada, in the coastal forests of British Columbia, the northernmost part of its original range. But British Columbia gives this highly endangered subspecies no special protection. Over-hunting and hybridisation with neighbouring wolf subspecies and domestic dogs are the chief threats. The author reviews wolf management in coastal British Columbia and suggests changes that would improve the Cascade wolf's prospects, including complete protection of all wolves on wilderness islands where it may survive.

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