scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF NITROGEN FERTILIZATION ON HEIGHT GROWTH OF DOUGLAS FIR ON A POOR SITE

1963 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Knight
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Poor Site

Results of ten different nitrogen fertilizer treatments on seven-year-old, planted, open-grown Douglas fir on a low-quality site are presented. Annual height growth and foliar observations were used to indicate response. Results show an increase in height growth from fertilizer applications, except one, when compared to the control. The response to the four-ounce ammonium sulfate treatment suggests this amount to be optimum in this trial. Generally the greatest response was in the larger trees. Four of the fertilizer treatments caused needle defoliation. Two treatments killed trees.

Effects of urea and ammonium nitrate fertilizer on growth of a young thinned and unthinned Douglas-fir stand

1984 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 952-955 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Barclay ◽  
H. Brix
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Stem Volume ◽  
Volume Response ◽  
Nitrate Fertilizer

The effects of two sources of nitrogen fertilizer applied at rates of 224 and 448 kg N/ha on growth of a thinned and unthinned 24-year-old Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco) stand were studied. Ammonium nitrate yielded higher growth of diameter and volume than did urea over a 9-year period, particularly with thinning. Height growth was not affected by nitrogen source. The efficiency of nitrogen fertilization in terms of stem volume response per kilogram of nitrogen applied was greatest with ammonium nitrate in thinned plots. Tree mortality increased substantially with level of fertilization for both sources, and decreased markedly with thinning.

scholarly journals High Nitrogen Fertilization Modulates Morpho-Physiological Responses, Yield, and Water Productivity of Lowland Rice under Deficit Irrigation

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1291
Author(s):  
Nasr M. Abdou ◽  
Mohamed A. Abdel-Razek ◽  
Shimaa A. Abd El-Mageed ◽  
Wael M. Semida ◽  
Ahmed A. A. Leilah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Lowland Rice ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers

Sustainability of rice production under flooding conditions has been challenged by water shortage and food demand. Applying higher nitrogen fertilization could be a practical solution to alleviate the deleterious effects of water stress on lowland rice (Oryza sativa L.) in semi-arid conditions. For this purpose, field experiments were conducted during the summer of 2017 and 2018 seasons. These trials were conducted as split-split based on randomized complete blocks design with soil moisture regimes at three levels (120, 100 and 80% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc), nitrogen fertilizers at two levels (N1—165 and N2—200 kg N ha−1) and three lowland Egyptian rice varieties [V1 (Giza178), V2 (Giza177) and V3 (Sakha104)] using three replications. For all varieties, growth (plant height, tillers No, effective tillers no), water status ((relative water content RWC, and membrane stability index, MSI), physiological responses (chlorophyll fluorescence, Relative chlorophyll content (SPAD), and yield were significantly increased with higher addition of nitrogen fertilizer under all water regimes. Variety V1 produced the highest grain yield compared to other varieties and the increases were 38% and 15% compared with V2 and V3, respectively. Increasing nitrogen up to 200 kg N ha−1 (N2) resulted in an increase in grain and straw yields by 12.7 and 18.2%, respectively, compared with N1. The highest irrigation water productivity (IWP) was recorded under I2 (0.89 kg m−3) compared to (0.83 kg m−3) and (0.82 kg m−3) for I1 and I3, respectively. Therefore, the new applied agro-management practice (deficit irrigation and higher nitrogen fertilizer) effectively saved irrigation water input by 50–60% when compared with the traditional cultivation method (flooding system). Hence, the new proposed innovative method for rice cultivation could be a promising strategy for enhancing the sustainability of rice production under water shortage conditions.

Effects of mechanical stimulus, shade, and nitrogen fertilization on morphology and bending resistance in Douglas-fir seedlings

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 1602-1609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Mechanical Stimulus ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Height Increment ◽  
Stem Form ◽  
Diameter Increment ◽  
Reduced Height ◽  
Bending Resistance ◽  
Volume Increment ◽  
Bending Stresses

Three-year-old coastal Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) seedlings were planted in a factorial experiment with three levels of shading (0, 30, and 60%), three levels of mechanical stimulus (staked, freestanding, and bent), and two levels of nitrogen fertilization (0 and 200 kg/ha) to investigate the separate and combined effects of these factors on morphology and bending resistance. Fertilization increased branch angle and increased the sensitivity of branch and leader extension to bending stresses but did not affect volume increment, stem form, or bending resistance. The effects of shading and mechanical treatments on morphology were independent and additive. Shading reduced stem diameter and volume increment, but did not affect height increment, producing more slender trees. Bending produced less slender trees through a combination of reduced height increment and increased diameter increment. Staking did not affect tree morphology. Trees under heavy shade were responsive to bending but were more slender and had lower bending resistance than unshaded trees with the same mechanical stimulus. These results point towards the biological basis for the development of tree instability in high density stands.

Nitrogen fertilization stimulates germination of dormant pin cherry seed

1979 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 514-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. Auchmoody
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Forest Floor ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Triple Superphosphate ◽  
Breaking Dormancy ◽  
Muriate Of Potash

Nitrogen fertilizers triggered germination of dormant Prunuspensylvanica L. seed naturally buried in the forest floor of 60-year-old Allegheny hardwood stands. Neither triple superphosphate nor muriate of potash applied with urea increased germination over that which occurred with urea alone. Rates as low as 56 kg/ha N from urea and calcium nitrate and 112 kg/ha N from ammonium sulfate stimulated germination. Nitrate was apparently responsible for breaking dormancy.

scholarly journals Effect of Ammonium Sulfate Application Levels on the Growth and Yield of IR-28 Rice

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claurence Nkumbe Ndille ◽  
Michael Amos Ballah ◽  
Shafiqullah Safi ◽  
Isaac Mupeta
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Tiller Number ◽  
Spikelet Fertility ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Spikelets Per Panicle ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Sulfate Application ◽  
Plant Length

The study was conducted in JICA Tsukuba experimental rice field RE-2 from April 2018 to September 2018, to determine the effect of different levels of nitrogen fertilizer (Ammonium sulfate) application, on the growth and the yield of IR-28 rice. Four levels of nitrogen fertilizer were applied; 0kg.ha-1 (N0), 40kg.ha-1(N40), 60kg.ha-1(N60) and 80kg.ha-1(N80). For each of the four levels, part of the fertilizer was applied as basal dressing prior to transplanting, and the rest was applied as top-dressing at the panicle initiation stage. The experimental design was a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four treatments and three replications. The plant length, the tiller number and the leaf colour were measured for growth data. The number of panicles per m2, the number of spikelets per panicle, the spikelet fertility rate, the 1000 grains weight, and the calculated yield were determined for yield components assessment. The plant length and the tiller number were significantly higher in N80 and N60 compared to N40 and N0, and N80 showed the highest values. There was no significant difference among the four nitrogen levels in terms of the number of panicles per m2 and the number of spikelets per panicle. The spikelet fertility rate and the 1000 grains weight were significantly higher in N80, N60 and N40 compared to N0, and no significant difference was observed among the three. Calculated yield values were higher in N80 (5.74 tons.ha-1) and N60 (5.38 tons.ha-1) compared to N40(4.88 tons.ha-1) and N0 (4.36 tons.ha-1), but there were no significant differences among the four treatments (5% Level of HSD). These results suggest that a high yield of rice can be achieved through the application of high amounts of nitrogen fertilizers. N60 nitrogen level can be recommended for optimum yield of IR-28. Although N80 showed higher yield and yield components, N60 is the best and the most economical nitrogen level required for optimum yield of IR-28.

scholarly journals Soil texture and other site-level factors differentially affect growth of Scotch broom (Cytisus scoparius) and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) seedlings in the western Pacific Northwest

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Carter ◽  
Robert A. Slesak ◽  
Timothy B. Harrington ◽  
Anthony W. D’Amato
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Western Pacific ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Cytisus Scoparius ◽  
Invasive Shrub ◽  
Scotch Broom ◽  
The Western Pacific

The invasive shrub Scotch broom (Cytisus scoparius (L.) Link) is a pervasive threat to regenerating Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco var. menziesii) stands in the Pacific Northwest, USA. Field observations indicate that the susceptibility of areas to Scotch broom invasion and dominance can vary by site. We selected ten sites throughout the western Pacific Northwest that spanned a gradient of soil textures and other factors to test the site-specific susceptibility of Douglas-fir to overtopping by Scotch broom. We expected to find that the ability of Scotch broom to dominate a site was mediated by site-level factors, particularly those influencing soil water – the most limiting factor to growth in the region. We found Scotch broom and Douglas-fir were inversely affected by site-level factors. In general, Douglas-fir absolute height growth rates were more competitive with those of Scotch broom on fine-textured soils than on more coarsely textured soils. We also found Douglas-fir to have a more dramatic response to increasing down woody material than Scotch broom. Scotch broom height growth approached an asymptote at 3 m. Sites with fast-growing Douglas-fir were able to surpass this height six to seven years after planting and appear likely to avoid suppression by Scotch broom.

scholarly journals Nitrogen fertilization and plant density and their impact on the growth indicators and plant winning livestock

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Experiment Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Growth Indicators

This experiment was conducted in the season 2001-2000 in station Ishaqi the company's general industrial crops to plant livestock Vigna radala deleted (Khadrawi) carried out the experiment design panels splinter and order in RCBD with three balls two factors are levels nitrogen fertilizer (120 and, 100.0 kg urea / ha)nitrogen ratio of 46%, which put in the main panels mAIN PLOT and Alkiavat three levels that were placed in secondary panels .....

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