scholarly journals Use of Variators in Applying the Cost Calculation Methodology in Small and Medium Furniture Enterprises Based on Changes in Human Body Dimensions

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Potkány ◽  
Miloš Hitka ◽  
Silvia Lorincová ◽  
Lucia Krajčírová ◽  
Peter Štarchoň
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Cost Calculation ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Standard Size ◽  
Body Dimensions ◽  
A Value ◽  
Calculation Methodology ◽  
The Cost

Based on the research of anthropometric measures of Slovak adult population, it can be observed that during the last 25 years, anthropometric data have been rising by about 4.5-5 % in most analysed characters. As data on human body dimensions changes, the requirements for material consumption and production time, expressed by the rate of labour cost, are changing. In this context, sustainable profitability of the company can be achieved through each segment of a value chain. One of these segments is the product and its price, which is based on costs allocated in the system of full or variable costing. As the value of quantiles characteristics of anthropometric characters was used to create ergonomic, health and construction norms and standards in the furniture industry, it is necessary to review the adequacy of existing standard-size single bed. Since the dimensions of single bed are standardised, 200 cm x 90 cm or 200 cm x 100 cm, it is clear that due to the secular trend of anthropometric measure of a man, the dimensions are currently inadequate. This paper presents the use of variators when applying the most commonly used absorption costing in small and medium furniture enterprises. It shows the costs involved, when the input parameters are changed.

scholarly journals Cost of nursing turnover in a Teaching Hospital

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Buck de Oliveira Ruiz ◽  
Marcia Galan Perroca ◽  
Marli de Carvalho Jericó
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Nursing Staff ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Cost Calculation ◽  
Average Salary ◽  
Nursing Turnover ◽  
Hiring Process ◽  
Calculation Methodology ◽  
The Cost

Abstract OBJECTIVE To map the sub processes related to turnover of nursing staff and to investigate and measure the nursing turnover cost. METHOD This is a descriptive-exploratory study, classified as case study, conducted in a teaching hospital in the southeastern, Brazil, in the period from May to November 2013. The population was composed by the nursing staff, using Nursing Turnover Cost Calculation Methodology. RESULTS The total cost of turnover was R$314.605,62, and ranged from R$2.221,42 to R$3.073,23 per employee. The costs of pre-hire totaled R$101.004,60 (32,1%), and the hiring process consumed R$92.743,60 (91.8%) The costs of post-hire totaled R$213.601,02 (67,9%), for the sub process decreased productivity, R$199.982,40 (93.6%). CONCLUSION The study identified the importance of managing the cost of staff turnover and the financial impact of the cost of the employee termination, which represented three times the average salary of the nursing staff.

scholarly journals Towards Non-Mechanical Hybrid Hydrogen Compression for Decentralized Hydrogen Facilities

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 3145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Sdanghi ◽  
Gaël Maranzana ◽  
Alain Celzard ◽  
Vanessa Fierro
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Automotive Applications ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
A Value ◽  
High Consumption ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Moving Parts

The cost of the hydrogen value chain needs to be reduced to allow the widespread development of hydrogen applications. Mechanical compressors, widely used for compressing hydrogen to date, account for more than 50% of the CAPEX (capital expenditure) in a hydrogen refueling station. Moreover, mechanical compressors have several disadvantages, such as the presence of many moving parts, hydrogen embrittlement, and high consumption of energy. Non-mechanical hydrogen compressors have proven to be a valid alternative to mechanical compressors. Among these, electrochemical compressors allow isothermal, and therefore highly efficient, compression of hydrogen. On the other hand, adsorption-desorption compressors allow hydrogen to be compressed through cooling/heating cycles using highly microporous materials as hydrogen adsorbents. A non-mechanical hybrid hydrogen compressor, consisting of a first electrochemical stage followed by a second stage driven by adsorption-desorption of hydrogen on activated carbons, allows hydrogen to be produced at 70 MPa, a value currently required for the development of hydrogen automotive applications. This system has several advantages over mechanical compressors, such as the absence of moving parts and high compactness. Its use in decentralized hydrogen facilities, such as hydrogen refueling stations, can be considered.

scholarly journals Vertical Integration and Outsourcing Decision Impact On Firm Performance: A Review Based Research on the Influence of Organizational Governance On firm Performance.

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 353-360
Author(s):  
Sikandar Shah ◽  
Dr. Wisal Ahmad ◽  
Dr. Muhammad Faizan Malik ◽  
Shah Raza Khan
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Vertical Integration ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Organizational Governance ◽  
A Value ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Outsourcing Decision ◽  
The Relationship

This studyexamines that how companies take decision of outsourcing and vertical integration a value-chain activity currently the most complex problem faced by most the organization around the globe and also find the relationship and highlight the role of every activity related to outsourcing and vertical integration. In result of survey and interviews of different small, medium and corporate level companies in KPK, procurement managers and operations managers mostly in view of that outsourcing is thebest way to work in the market, because of the cost reduction, minimumturnaround time and especially in the uncertain market of KPK.

IMPROVEMENT OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY OF THE ENTERPRISE

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataliya Stoyanets ◽  
◽  
Mathias Onuh Aboyi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Technological Equipment ◽  
Alliance Partner ◽  
Innovation Potential ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Technological Platform ◽  
The Cost

The article defines that for the successful implementation of an innovative project and the introduction of a new product into production it is necessary to use advanced technologies and modern software, which is an integral part of successful innovation by taking into account the life cycle of innovations. It is proposed to consider the general potential of the enterprise through its main components, namely: production and technological, scientific and technical, financial and economic, personnel and actual innovation potential. Base for the introduction of technological innovations LLC "ALLIANCE- PARTNER", which provides a wide range of support and consulting services, services in the employment market, tourism, insurance, translation and more. To form a model of innovative development of the enterprise, it is advisable to establish the following key aspects: the system of value creation through the model of cooperation with partners and suppliers; creating a value chain; technological platform; infrastructure, determine the cost of supply, the cost of activities for customers and for the enterprise as a whole. The system of factors of influence on formation of model of strategic innovative development of the enterprise is offered. The expediency of the cost of the complex of technological equipment, which is 6800.0 thousand UAH, is economically calculated. Given the fact that the company plans to receive funds under the program of socio-economic development of Sumy region, the evaluation of the effectiveness of the innovation project, the purchase of technological equipment, it is determined that the payback period of the project is 3 years 10 months. In terms of net present value (NPV), the project under study is profitable. The project profitability index (PI) meets the requirements for a positive decision on project implementation> 1.0. The internal rate of return of the project (IRR) also has a positive value of 22% because it exceeds the discount rate.

REKAYASA NILAI HARGA PEMBUATAN TERHADAP EFEKTIFITAS PENGGUNAAN BAHAN PADA PEMBANGUNAN PERUMAHAN TIRTO PENATARAN ASRI TIPE 70/135 KECAMATAN NGLEGOK KABUPATEN BLITAR

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Mochamad Tamim Ma’ruf
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Application ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Comparison Method ◽  
Value Engineering ◽  
Design Work ◽  
Housing Projects ◽  
Initial Design ◽  
A Value ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Design Proposal

One-solving methods and techniques necessary to avoid inefficiencies and not economic costs as well as reduce the cost of housing construction is the method of Value Engineering. Value engineering is a method and cost control techniques to analyze a function to its value at the lowest cost alternative (most economical) without reducing the quality desired.At the writing of this study used a comparison method by comparing the initial design to the design proposal of the author. In the housing projects Upgrading Tirto Penataran Asri type 70, the application of Value Engineering conducted on the job a couple walls and roofs pair by replacing some work items with a more economical alternative but does not change the original function and high aesthetic level and still qualify safe. For that performed the step of determining a work item, the alternative stage, the analysis stage, and the stage of recommendations to get a Value Engineering application and cost savings against the wall a couple of work items and partner roof.The proposed design as compared to the initial design. Work items discussed was the work of a couple wall having analyzed obtained savings of Rp. 2,747,643.56 and the work of the roof pair obtained savings of Rp. 2,363,446.80. Thus the total overall savings gained is Rp 5,111,090.36 or savings of 0048%.

ANALISIS PENGARUH BIAYA OPERASIONAL PADA PERUSAHAAN PENERBANGAN NASIONAL

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-107
Author(s):  
Dheny Biantara
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Cost Efficiency ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Cost Leadership ◽  
Oil Pricing ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Operation Flexibility ◽  
Airline Maintenance

Summarized Indonesian airline executive views on the reason for the cost problem in mayor airline andon the potential areas and measures of cost reduction in airline operation. Present an introductionsurvey where 3 executives from 3 Indonesian airlines were respondent. In the executive opinion the costproblem in mayor Indonesian airline is primarily due to fuel and oil pricing and money currency. Of thevarious function in airline maintenance was seen as least cost efficiency, whereas flight operation wasseen as an area with most potential for cost reduction. Indonesian airline had made route and fleetchanges after the beginning of 2011 to reduce cost, concludes from the analisys result havingprivatization would be an important step towards more efficient airline operation. Flexibility fromIndonesian airline regulatory would be very much welcome and the value chain concept to improveIndonesian airline having competitive adventage and cost leadership differentiation.

scholarly journals Legal Complexities of Animal Welfare in Australia: Do On-Animal Sensors Offer a Future Option?

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Jaime Manning ◽  
Deborah Power ◽  
Amy Cosby
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Continuous Measurement ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Value Proposition ◽  
Data Governance ◽  
Behavioural State ◽  
A Value ◽  
Welfare Measures ◽  
The Cost

The five freedoms and, more recently, the five domains of animal welfare provide internationally recognised frameworks to evaluate animal welfare practices which recognise both the physical and mental wellbeing needs of animals, providing a balanced view of their ability to cope in their environment. Whilst there are many techniques to measure animal welfare, the challenge lies with how best to align these with future changes in definitions and expectations, advances in science, legislative requirements, and technology improvements. Furthermore, enforcement of current animal welfare legislation in relation to livestock in Australia and the reliance on self-audits for accreditation schemes, challenges our ability to objectively measure animal welfare. On-animal sensors have enormous potential to address animal welfare concerns and assist with legislative compliance, through continuous measurement and monitoring of an animal’s behavioural state and location being reflective of their wellbeing. As reliable animal welfare measures evolve and the cost of on-animal sensors reduce, technology adoption will increase as the benefits across the supply chain are realised. Future adoption of on-animal sensors by producers will primarily depend on a value proposition for their business being clear; algorithm development to ensure measures are valid and reliable; increases in producer knowledge, willingness, and trust in data governance; and improvements in data transmission and connectivity.

scholarly journals A value chain analysis of interventions to control production diseases in the intensive pig production sector

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. e0231338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarkko Niemi ◽  
Richard Bennett ◽  
Beth Clark ◽  
Lynn Frewer ◽  
Philip Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Value Chain Analysis ◽  
Production Sector ◽  
Pig Production ◽  
A Value ◽  
Chain Analysis ◽  
Control Production ◽  
Production Diseases

scholarly journals National Economic Burden Associated with Management of Periodontitis in Malaysia

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuti Ningseh Mohd Dom ◽  
Rasidah Ayob ◽  
Khairiyah Abd Muttalib ◽  
Syed Mohamed Aljunid
Keyword(s):  
Societal Perspective ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
National Level ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Treatment Costs ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
National Economic ◽  
The Cost

Objectives. The aim of this study is to estimate the economic burden associated with the management of periodontitis in Malaysia from the societal perspective.Methods. We estimated the economic burden of periodontitis by combining the disease prevalence with its treatment costs. We estimated treatment costs (with 2012 value of Malaysian Ringgit) using the cost-of-illness approach and included both direct and indirect costs. We used the National Oral Health Survey for Adults (2010) data to estimate the prevalence of periodontitis and 2010 national census data to estimate the adult population at risk for periodontitis.Results. The economic burden of managing all cases of periodontitis at the national level from the societal perspective was approximately MYR 32.5 billion, accounting for 3.83% of the 2012 Gross Domestic Product of the country. It would cost the nation MYR 18.3 billion to treat patients with moderate periodontitis and MYR 13.7 billion to treat patients with severe periodontitis.Conclusion. The economic burden of periodontitis in Malaysia is substantial and comparable with that of other chronic diseases in the country. This is attributable to its high prevalence and high cost of treatment. Judicious application of promotive, preventive, and curative approaches to periodontitis management is decidedly warranted.

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