scholarly journals Ellipsis and Reiteration in English and Arabic: A Contrastive Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Mohammad Jasim Betti ◽  
Montadher Hussein Hameed AlFartoosy
Keyword(s):  
Contrastive Study ◽  
Linguistic Item ◽  
Full Explanation ◽  
Similarities And Differences

The present study is a descriptive contrastive one because it tries to give a full explanation of ellipsis and reiteration in English and Arabic to arrive at the similarities and differences between them. It deals with ellipsis and reiteration as processes by which a linguistic item is deleted or repeated. This is primarily achieved by showing their definitions, nature, types, and functions, and by surveying the literature available and by contrasting them in the two compared languages, conducting a contrastive study. The study finds out that ellipsis and reiteration as processes are found in both languages. In addition, it also finds out that ellipsis is more widely used than reiteration in both languages and that reiteration in Arabic is used more than in English. In this regard, the study shows that there are similarities and differences between English and Arabic but the area of differences is wider than that of similarities.

The construction of attitudinal stance

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Pérez Blanco
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Data ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Descriptive Data ◽  
Linguistic Differences ◽  
Contrastive Study ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Working Procedure

This paper is a corpus-based contrastive study of the realization of negative attitudinal stance in English and Spanish discourse through the use of evaluative adjectives. The main aim of the study is to analyse and compare the grammatical patterns in which negative evaluative adjectives occur in each language and discuss the observed cross-linguistic differences in terms of the effects that alternative linguistic realizations have in the construction of evaluative discourse. The working procedure follows a contrastive analysis methodology: description of empirical data, juxtaposition and contrast. The descriptive data have been extracted from a large comparable corpus of English and Spanish newspaper opinion discourse. The study has revealed interesting similarities and differences in the construction of Attitude in each language, which are inferred by contrasting its surface structural features.

scholarly journals Concord in English and Arabic: A Contrastive Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 288
Author(s):  
Zainab Kadim Igaab ◽  
Saja Mohammed Magrood Altai
Keyword(s):  
Contrastive Study ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Similarities And Differences

The present study is a descriptive, analytic and contrastive one because it describes concord in English and Arabic to arrive at the similarities and differences between the two languages. This study aims at describing, analyzing and comparing concord in English and Arabic because the phenomenon of concord has attracted a great deal of attention in the recent years. It also aims at comparing and contrasting concord between the two languages by defining it, showing its syntactic and semantic aspects and illustrating its different types and rules. This study concludes that concord as a syntactic phenomenon exists in both languages. English deals with such a topic clearly and separately in grammar while in Arabic, it is not by being explained in sentences. Arab grammarians pay attention to the role of concord in the sentence and deal with it in different grammatical topics. 

Human impersonal pronouns in Swedish and Dutch

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evie Coussé ◽  
Johan van der Auwera
Keyword(s):  
Human Being ◽  
Parallel Corpus ◽  
Contrastive Study ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Impersonal Pronouns

This paper presents a contrastive study of the human impersonal pronouns man in Swedish and men in Dutch. Both impersonal pronouns are etymologically derived from man ‘human being’ and they more or less have the same meaning. However, there are important differences in the usage of these pronouns. In this study, the similarities and differences between Swedish man and Dutch men are studied in a Dutch-Swedish parallel corpus. Analysing a parallel corpus has the advantage of allowing one to both study the distribution of man and men in original texts and to contrast the use of these pronouns with their translations.

Contrastive Studies of Pun in Figures of Speech

2013 ◽  
Vol 756-759 ◽  
pp. 4721-4727
Author(s):  
Qing Chen Shao ◽  
Zhen Zhen Wang ◽  
Zhi Jie Hao
Keyword(s):  
Literal Meaning ◽  
Contrastive Study ◽  
Figures Of Speech ◽  
Cultural Perspectives ◽  
Figure Of Speech ◽  
Rhetorical Figure ◽  
Similarities And Differences

Contrastive Studies of Pun in Figures of Speech. Pun as a figure of speech uses a word or phrase to get two meanings: literal meaning and connotation meaning so as to achieve humorous or sarcastic sense. There are many similarities between English and Chinese but in many ways they are different, while people always subconsciously consider them as equal and use them in any occasions. To solve these problems, this thesis solves them through the contrastive study of English and Chinese rhetorical figure-pun. By analyzing and comparing English and Chinese puns in some typical sentences and dialogues through semantic, pragmatic, cultural perspectives, partial tone, forms, meanings and so on. This thesis show that pun between English and Chinese exists lots of similarities and differences from different perspectives. Through all the endeavors done in this thesis, a better understanding of both languages and cultures, and smoother translation would be obtained. Whats more, people can use puns in English and Chinese languages properly so as to eliminate unnecessary misunderstandings when communicating with others.

scholarly journals A Contrastive Study of Heteroglossia in the Reasoning of Criminal Judgments of Chinese Mainland and Hong Kong

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Wenxiu Song
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Chinese Mainland ◽  
Appraisal Theory ◽  
Contrastive Study ◽  
Textual Structure ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Engagement System ◽  
Selection Of

Within the framework of the Engagement System of Appraisal Theory, this thesis investigates the heteroglossia of the reasoning of criminal judgments of Chinese mainland and Hong Kong and examines their similarities and differences in the employment of heteroglossic engagement resources and underlying causes. The reasoning of 20 criminal judgments of Chinese mainland and Hong Kong produced upon second instance for the same cause of action are collected and built as two separate corpora to carry out the study. It is found that judges of both Chinese mainland and Hong Kong employ various heteroglossic engagement resources to locate position and negotiate with other voices while proceeding with reasoning. Furthermore, they share some similarities in the selection of subtypes of engagement resources, which is attributed to the fact that they hold similar communicative purposes in the reasoning of judicial judgments; while the differences can be interpreted from the distinct legal doctrines in the mainland and Hong Kong and the textual structure of the reasoning of criminal judgments.

scholarly journals Approval and Disapproval Expressions in English and Arabic: A Contrastive Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Abeer Hadi Salih
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Contrastive Study ◽  
The World ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
To Come ◽  
And Linguistics

Any language in the world wide has different expressions and terms that convey approval or disapproval that language speakers may use in their daily life. English language for instance, is full of such expressions and can be found in any situation needs to. The present research studies approval and disapproval in English with their counterparts in Arabic as a contrastive study. It tries to search for those terms or sentences that are used to express approval and disapproval in English with their counterparts in Arabic. It aims to highlight the points of similarities and differences between those expressions that are used to state approval and disapproval in the two languages. Also the study includes a contrastive analysis to the expressions of approval and disapproval in English with their equivalents in Arabic in order to come up with the conclusions. It concluded that the approval and disapproval expressions in English language are similar to their counterparts in Arabic language but differ in two points. Firstly in Arabic language main verbs are used to convey approval and disapproval whereas in English are not. Secondly, in English language the exclamatory style is used to express approval in contrast, Arabic language is not. Researchers, teachers, translators and any who cares about English language and linguistics can get benefit from this study, precisely because it includes a comparison between two languages, English language and Arabic, with several types of expressions and terms that are being actually used to express approval and disapproval.

A corpus-based contrastive study of impersonal passives in Swedish and Dutch

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annika Johansson ◽  
Gudrun Rawoens
Keyword(s):  
General Reference ◽  
Contrastive Study ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Germanic Languages

Abstract This paper deals with impersonal passives in two Germanic languages, Swedish and Dutch. Impersonal passives constitute one type of impersonal construction (denoting constructions with non-canonical subjects) as described in Siewierska (2008a: 116). Formally, they consist of an overt expletive subject, such as det ‘it’ in Swedish and er ‘there’ in Dutch, combined with a passive predicate. Semantically, such passive constructions encode actions with a general reference, i.e. where no agent is specified (cf. Siewierska 1984, Engdahl 2006, Viberg 2010). The study is corpus-based and uses a bidirectional translation corpus of Swedish and Dutch to map out the specific morphosyntactic and semantic profile of the impersonal passive in both Swedish and in Dutch. The similarities and differences make these languages suitable to study from a contrastive perspective in that interesting aspects on impersonal passives are highlighted in the translation data.

scholarly journals Supplication in English and Arabic: A Contrastive Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 311-319
Author(s):  
Manar Kareem Mehdi
Keyword(s):  
Syntactic Structure ◽  
Contrastive Study ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The One

From a religious standpoint, supplication is an act of worship that enables man to enrich his relationship with his Creator, the Almighty Allah. The essence of supplication is to revive Allah’s remembrance inside man’s heart. Moreover, supplication makes clear the fact that man is imperfect, poor and needy to his Lord, the Perfect, the Rich, and the One Who needs nobody at all (Al-Ameedi and Mahdi, 2014: 23). Linguistically, to supplicate, Vanderveken (1990:192) states, is to beg in a very humble manner usually from a superior or someone in power. Accordingly, the present paper aims to find out the syntactic components that constitute the syntactic structure of the act of supplication in English and Arabic highlighting the similarities and differences between the two languages in this regard. Hence, the paper hypothesizes that: (1) the vocative, the imperative, and parallelism constitute the basic syntactic components in English and Arabic supplication; (2) Arabic is more explicit than English in the linguistic realization of the act under scrutiny. Findings of the analysis verify the above mentioned hypotheses.

scholarly journals Interrogative Sentence: A Contrastive Study of Arabic and Indonesian

IZDIHAR ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khoirin Nikmah
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Second Language ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Second Language Learning ◽  
First Language ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Contrastive Study ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Interrogative Sentence ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

Involving first language (L1) in second language learning (L2) is considered as an effective method to be practiced. This research focuses on a contrastive study between Arabic and Indonesian. It aims to investigate similarities and differences of the two languages, especially about their interrogative sentence forms. It is descriptive qualitative research which applies two methods; observation and introspection method. Then, Contrastive Analysis (CA) is used to analyze the data. The result shows that similarity concept between Arabic and Indonesian is many shown on matā, ayna, limādzā, and hal. Meanwhile, differences between both of them are shown on mā, man, ayy, and kayfa. As a result, it may occur errors in the use of question, errors in translating interrogative sentence, and errors in understanding question.

scholarly journals Decomposition English And Mandailing Prefixes: A Contrastive Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-77
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hasyimsyah Batubara ◽  
Vidya Dwi Amalia Zati ◽  
Sani Susanti
Keyword(s):  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Contrastive Study ◽  
Positive Degree ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Similarities And Differences

This study deals with the decomposition analysis of prefixes in English and Mandailing Natal Language. The purpose is to find out the similarities and differences of prefixes in both languages. The data of this research were obtained by conducting library research and field research. The data were analyzed and compared to find out the similarities and differences. The findings indicated that there are some of them only found in one language. There are types of the prefix in English (e.g., un-, hyper-, under-, in-, mis-, super-, over-, pre-, inter-). In Mandailing Natal Language, there is the prefix (e.g., ma-, pa-, tar-, tarpa-, sa- and sasa-, um-). Both English and Mandailing Natal language can be found prefixes which are used to indicate a positive degree that is not found in English. There are some similarities and differences between prefixes in English and Mandailing Natal language.

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