scholarly journals Fabrication and Degradation of Electrospun Scaffolds from L-Tyrosine-Based Polyurethane Blends for Tissue Engineering Applications

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Spagnuolo ◽  
Lingyun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Hydrolytic Degradation ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Diameter Distribution ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Electrospun Scaffolds ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Degradation Pattern

It is important to control the degradation rate of a tissue-engineered scaffold so that the scaffold will degrade in an appropriate matching rate as the tissue cells grow in. A set of potential tissue engineering scaffolds with controllable rates of degradation were fabricated from blends of two biocompatible, biodegradable L-tyrosine-based polyurethanes (PEG1000-HDI-DTH and PCL1250-HDI-DTH) using the electrospinning process. The scaffolds were characterized by mat morphology, fiber diameter, diameter distribution, pore size, and hydrolytic degradation behavior. The majority of the scaffolds, despite having radically different chemical compositions, possessed no statistical difference with pore sizes and fiber diameters. The degradation pattern observed indicated that scaffolds consisting of a greater mass percentage of PEG1000-HDI-DTH decayed to a greater extent than those containing higher concentrations of PCL1250-HDI-DTH. The degradation rates of the electrospun scaffolds were much higher than those of the thin cast films with same compositions. These patterns were consistent through all blends. The work demonstrates one practical method of controlling the degradation of biopolymer scaffolds without significantly affecting an intended morphology.

Electrospinning of Eudragit RS100 for Nerve Tissue Engineering Scaffold

2020 ◽  
Vol 859 ◽  
pp. 220-225
Author(s):  
Natthan Charernsriwilaiwat ◽  
Thapakorn Chareonying ◽  
Praneet Opanasopit
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffold ◽  
Nerve Tissue ◽  
Diameter Distribution ◽  
Cell Alignment ◽  
Electrospinning Technique ◽  
Nanofiber Scaffold ◽  
Nerve Tissue Engineering

Electrospinning technique is widely investigated in medical applications such as tissue engineering scaffolds, wound dressing and drug delivery. In this study, the aligned nanofiber scaffold of Eudragit RS100 was successfully fabricated via electrospinning technique for nerve tissue engineering scaffold. The diameter distribution and degree of alignment of Eudragit RS100 nanofiber scaffold were observed by scanning electron microspore (SEM). The chemical and crystalline structure of Eudragit RS100 nanofiber scaffold were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Powder X-ray diffactometer (PXRD). Cell culture studies using rat Schwann cells were determined to evaluate cell proliferation cell alignment and morphology. The results implied that the diameter of fiber was in the nanometer region. The Eudragit RS100 nanofiber scaffold were in an amorphous form and its chemical structure was not destructive after the electrospinning process. The Eudragit RS100 nanofiber scaffold showed biocompatibility with rat Schwann cells and growing parallel to the aligned fibers. In conclusion, the Eudragit RS100 nanofiber scaffold may have the ability to apply to nerve tissue engineering scaffold.

Fabricating high mechanical strength γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles filled poly(vinyl alcohol) nanofiber using electrospinning process potentially for tissue engineering scaffold

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Hasrul Akhmal Ngadiman ◽  
Noordin Mohd Yusof ◽  
Ani Idris ◽  
Denni Kurniawan ◽  
Ehsan Fallahiarezoudar
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Rotating Speed

The use of electrospinning has gained substantial interest in the development of tissue engineering scaffolds due to its ability to produce nanoscale fibers which can mimic the geometry of extracellular tissues. Besides geometry, mechanical property is one of the main elements to be considered when developing tissue engineering scaffolds. In this study, the electrospinning process parameter settings were varied in order to find the optimum setting which can produce electrospun nanofibrous mats with good mechanical properties. Maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) was mixed with poly(vinyl alcohol) and then electrospun to form nanofibers. The five input variable factors involved were nanoparticles content, voltage, flow rate, spinning distance, and rotating speed, while the response variable considered was Young’s modulus. The performance of electrospinning process was systematically screened and optimized using response surface methodology. This work truly demonstrated the sequential nature of designed experimentation. Additionally, the application of various designs of experiment techniques and concepts was also demonstrated. Results revealed that electrospun nanofibrous mats with maximum Young’s modulus (273.51 MPa) was obtained at optimum input settings: 9 v/v% nanoparticle content, 35 kV voltage, 2 mL/h volume flow rate, 8 cm spinning distance, and 3539 r/min of rotating speed. The model was verified successfully by performing confirmation experiments. The nanofibers characterization demonstrated that the nanoparticles were well dispersed inside the nanofibers, and it also showed that the presence of defects on the nanofibers can decrease their mechanical strength. The biocompatibility performance was also evaluated and it was proven that the presence of γ-Fe2O3 enhanced the cell viability and cell growth rate. The developed poly(vinyl alcohol)/γ-Fe2O3 electrospun nanofiber mat has a good potential for tissue engineering scaffolds.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Tissue Engineering Scaffolds Incorporated with Manuka Honey of Varying UMF

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine R. Hixon ◽  
Tracy Lu ◽  
Sarah H. McBride-Gagyi ◽  
Blythe E. Janowiak ◽  
Scott A. Sell
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Antibacterial Agent ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Bacterial Clearance ◽  
Manuka Honey ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Electrospun Scaffolds

Purpose. Manuka honey (MH) is an antibacterial agent specific to the islands of New Zealand containing both hydrogen peroxide and a Unique Manuka Factor (UMF). Although the antibacterial properties of MH have been studied, the effect of varying UMF of MH incorporated into tissue engineered scaffolds have not. Therefore, this study was designed to compare silk fibroin cryogels and electrospun scaffolds incorporated with a 5% MH concentration of various UMF.Methods. Characteristics such as porosity, bacterial clearance and adhesion, and cytotoxicity were compared.Results. Pore diameters for all cryogels were between 51 and 60 µm, while electrospun scaffolds were 10 µm. Cryogels of varying UMF displayed clearance of approximately 0.16 cm forE. coliandS. aureus. In comparison, the electrospun scaffolds clearance ranged between 0.5 and 1 cm. A glucose release of 0.5 mg/mL was observed for the first 24 hours by all scaffolds, regardless of UMF. With respect to cytotoxicity, neither scaffold caused the cell number to drop below 20,000.Conclusions. Overall, when comparing the effects of the various UMF within the two scaffolds, no significant differences were observed. This suggests that the fabricated scaffolds in this study displayed similar bacterial effects regardless of the UMF value.

Material design and photo-regulated hydrolytic degradation behavior of tissue engineering scaffolds fabricated via 3D fiber deposition

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruixue Yin ◽  
Nan Zhang ◽  
Kemin Wang ◽  
Hongyu Long ◽  
Tianlong Xing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Hydrolytic Degradation ◽  
Material Design ◽  
Degradation Behavior ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Fiber Deposition

A PLA/o-nitrobenzyl based scaffold was designed and fabricated by 3D fiber deposition to demonstrate the feasibility of photo-regulated hydrolytic degradation in vitro. It promises to approach the matched degradation with new tissues when applied in tissue engineering.

scholarly journals Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate)-Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Electrospun Scaffolds Modified with Curcumin

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 2588
Author(s):  
Nader Tanideh ◽  
Negar Azarpira ◽  
Najmeh Sarafraz ◽  
Shahrokh Zare ◽  
Aida Rowshanghiyas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Inflammatory Reaction ◽  
3D Structure ◽  
Hydrolytic Degradation ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Electrospun Scaffolds

Appropriate selection of suitable materials and methods is essential for scaffolds fabrication in tissue engineering. The major challenge is to mimic the structure and functions of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the native tissues. In this study, an optimized 3D structure containing poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (P3HB), multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MCNTs) and curcumin (CUR) was created by electrospinning a novel biomimetic scaffold. CUR, a natural anti-inflammatory compound, has been selected as a bioactive component to increase the biocompatibility and reduce the potential inflammatory reaction of electrospun scaffolds. The presence of CUR in electrospun scaffolds was confirmed by 1H NMR and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed highly interconnected porosity of the obtained 3D structures. Addition of up to 20 wt% CUR has enhanced mechanical properties of the scaffolds. CUR has also promoted in vitro bioactivity and hydrolytic degradation of the electrospun nanofibers. The developed P3HB-MCNT composite scaffolds containing 20 wt% of CUR revealed excellent in vitro cytocompatibility using mesenchymal stem cells and in vivo biocompatibility in rat animal model study. Importantly, the reduced inflammatory reaction in the rat model after 8 weeks of implantation has also been observed for scaffolds modified with CUR. Overall, newly developed P3HB-MCNTs-CUR electrospun scaffolds have demonstrated their high potential for tissue engineering applications.

scholarly journals Synergistic effects of retinoic acid and graphene oxide on the physicochemical and in-vitro properties of electrospun polyurethane scaffolds for bone tissue engineering

e-Polymers ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 363-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mahdi Safikhani ◽  
Ali Zamanian ◽  
Farnaz Ghorbani
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Hard Tissue ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Sem Micrographs

AbstractTissue engineering scaffolds simulate extracellular matrixes (ECMs) to promote healing processes of damaged tissues. In this investigation, ECM were simulated by retinoic acid-loaded polyurethane-graphene oxide nanofibers to regenerate bone defects. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum and X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns proved the synthesis of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets. SEM micrographs of nanofibers demonstrated through the formation of homogeneous and bead free fibrous scaffolds that the diameter of fibers were reduced by decreasing the applied voltage in an electrospinning process and the addition of GO. According to the results, the addition of GO to the polyurethane (PU) solution led to an increase in mechanical strength which is the most important parameter in the hard tissue repair. The GO-containing scaffolds showed an increased wettability, swelling, biodegradation and drug release level. Release behavior in nanocomposite scaffolds followed the swelling and biodegradation mechanisms, so osteogenic expression was possible by incorporating retinoic acid (RA) in PU-GO nanofibrous scaffolds. Biological evaluations demonstrated that composite scaffolds are biocompatible and support cellular attachment in which RA-loaded samples represented better cellular spreading. In brief, nanocomposite fibers showed desired that the physicochemical, mechanical and biological properties and synergic effects of GO and RA in osteogenic activity of MG-63 cells produced favorable constructs for hard tissue engineering applications.

Controlling Electrospinning Jet Using Microscopic Model for Ideal Tissue Engineering Scaffolds

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Shima Maghsoodlou ◽  
Sulmaz Poreskandar
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Dynamic Analysis ◽  
Computer Simulations ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Spring Model ◽  
Electrospun Nanofiber ◽  
Jet Formation ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Jet Behavior ◽  
Important Challenge

Electrospinning has recently emerged as a widespread technology to produce synthetic nanofibrous and the best candidates for many important applications like scaffolds in tissue engineering. Creating porosity is the primary challenge of tissue engineering scaffolds. But, the most important challenge is to create uniform nanofibers. For these reasons, controlling producing of electrospun nanofiber becomes important. The most suitable method for controlling instability is using modeling and computer simulations. The dynamic analysis of the jet formation and its instability is difficult during the process. In this study, the behavior of the electrospinning process has been investigated by using bead-spring model to see the process in detail. Simulation of this model showed the jet behavior from the first second to the end by bringing in one bead step by step. Therefore, by increasing the number of beads, the behavior of jet during whipping part was obviously expressed.

Fabrication of Tissue Engineering Scaffolds via Multi-Jet and Component Alternate Electrospinning

2005 ◽  
Vol 288-289 ◽  
pp. 67-70
Author(s):  
Lu Zhang ◽  
Lin Gang Wang ◽  
Ping Hu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Ethylene Oxide ◽  
Propylene Oxide ◽  
Egg White ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Poly Ethylene Oxide ◽  
Poly Ethylene

In this article, electrospinning of poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) /egg white blend and that of poly (carbon dioxide-co-propylene oxide) were studied. Blend fibrous mats containing poly (carbon dioxide-co-propylene oxide) and PEO/egg white blend were obtained through multi-jet and component alternate eletrospinning, respectively. Component alternate electrospinning exhibits higher efficiency and produces better blended products than multi-jet electrospinning does because the inter-influence between different jets during multi-jet electrospinning greatly affects electrospinning process while component alternate electrospinning avoids such kind of influence.

scholarly journals The Role of Calcium Phosphates and Electrospun 3D Scaffolds in Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2S2) ◽  
pp. 978-985
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Calcium Phosphates ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
External Assistance ◽  
Tissue Reconstruction

Bone is a naturally occurring nano-composite structure bestowed with an innate regenerative potential. When this regenerative potential is not able to cope up with the bone loss, external assistance in the form of scaffolds, cells and signals are needed. This forms the basis of bone tissue engineering (BTE). CaP ceramics like hydroxyapatite (HA), calcium deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHA) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) are an excellent choice of material for hard tissue reconstruction. However, they are brittle in nature and solid ceramic constructs are not conducive for vascularisation, thus limiting their application as scaffolds for BTE. Thus composite scaffolds of appropriate polymer/ceramic combination would greatly benefit BTE. Electrospinning is an extremely versatile methodology that is predominantly used for the fabrication of nanofibrous structures that closely mimic the ECM. Nevertheless, electrospinning of 3D structures is still a challenge. Various innovations in the electrospinning process are being tried out in order to produce true 3 dimensional structures that can act as scaffolds for BTE. The current paper reviews such technologies and also suggests the way forward for research in this area.

scholarly journals A review of electrospinning manipulation techniques to direct fiber deposition and maximize pore size

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin P. Feltz ◽  
Emily A. Growney Kalaf ◽  
Chengpeng Chen ◽  
R. Scott Martin ◽  
Scott A. Sell
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Electrospun Scaffolds ◽  
Alternative Techniques ◽  
Fiber Deposition ◽  
Medicine Community ◽  
Field Manipulation

Abstract Electrospinning has been widely accepted for several decades by the tissue engineering and regenerative medicine community as a technique for nanofiber production. Owing to the inherent flexibility of the electrospinning process, a number of techniques can be easily implemented to control fiber deposition (i.e. electric/ magnetic field manipulation, use of alternating current, or air-based fiber focusing) and/or porosity (i.e. air impedance, sacrificial porogen/sacrificial fiber incorporation, cryo-electrospinning, or alternative techniques). The purpose of this review is to highlight some of the recent work using these techniques to create electrospun scaffolds appropriate for mimicking the structure of the native extracellular matrix, and to enhance the applicability of advanced electrospinning techniques in the field of tissue engineering.

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