Controlling Electrospinning Jet Using Microscopic Model for Ideal Tissue Engineering Scaffolds

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Shima Maghsoodlou ◽  
Sulmaz Poreskandar
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Dynamic Analysis ◽  
Computer Simulations ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Spring Model ◽  
Electrospun Nanofiber ◽  
Jet Formation ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Jet Behavior ◽  
Important Challenge

Electrospinning has recently emerged as a widespread technology to produce synthetic nanofibrous and the best candidates for many important applications like scaffolds in tissue engineering. Creating porosity is the primary challenge of tissue engineering scaffolds. But, the most important challenge is to create uniform nanofibers. For these reasons, controlling producing of electrospun nanofiber becomes important. The most suitable method for controlling instability is using modeling and computer simulations. The dynamic analysis of the jet formation and its instability is difficult during the process. In this study, the behavior of the electrospinning process has been investigated by using bead-spring model to see the process in detail. Simulation of this model showed the jet behavior from the first second to the end by bringing in one bead step by step. Therefore, by increasing the number of beads, the behavior of jet during whipping part was obviously expressed.

An Investigation onto the Importance of Dimensionless Analysis in the Modeling of Electrospinning

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-23
Author(s):  
Shima Maghsoodlou ◽  
Sulmaz Poreskandar
Keyword(s):  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Electrospun Nanofiber ◽  
Jet Formation ◽  
Dimensionless Analysis ◽  
Important Challenge

Nowadays, electrospinning has emerged as a widespread technology to produce nanofibers and best candidates for many significant applications. The most important challenge is to attain uniform nanofibers. In these cases, controlling the production of electrospun nanofiber becomes important. However, Analysis dynamics of jet formation and its instability is difficult during the process. For making more suitable nanofibers, one should control the electrospinning process and its instability. For achieving this aim, the most desirable way of controlling them are using dimensionless analysis and modeling electrospinning process. The main objective of this article is using the dimensionless analysis in the modeling of the electrospinning process to better understand.

Fabricating high mechanical strength γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles filled poly(vinyl alcohol) nanofiber using electrospinning process potentially for tissue engineering scaffold

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Hasrul Akhmal Ngadiman ◽  
Noordin Mohd Yusof ◽  
Ani Idris ◽  
Denni Kurniawan ◽  
Ehsan Fallahiarezoudar
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Rotating Speed

The use of electrospinning has gained substantial interest in the development of tissue engineering scaffolds due to its ability to produce nanoscale fibers which can mimic the geometry of extracellular tissues. Besides geometry, mechanical property is one of the main elements to be considered when developing tissue engineering scaffolds. In this study, the electrospinning process parameter settings were varied in order to find the optimum setting which can produce electrospun nanofibrous mats with good mechanical properties. Maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) was mixed with poly(vinyl alcohol) and then electrospun to form nanofibers. The five input variable factors involved were nanoparticles content, voltage, flow rate, spinning distance, and rotating speed, while the response variable considered was Young’s modulus. The performance of electrospinning process was systematically screened and optimized using response surface methodology. This work truly demonstrated the sequential nature of designed experimentation. Additionally, the application of various designs of experiment techniques and concepts was also demonstrated. Results revealed that electrospun nanofibrous mats with maximum Young’s modulus (273.51 MPa) was obtained at optimum input settings: 9 v/v% nanoparticle content, 35 kV voltage, 2 mL/h volume flow rate, 8 cm spinning distance, and 3539 r/min of rotating speed. The model was verified successfully by performing confirmation experiments. The nanofibers characterization demonstrated that the nanoparticles were well dispersed inside the nanofibers, and it also showed that the presence of defects on the nanofibers can decrease their mechanical strength. The biocompatibility performance was also evaluated and it was proven that the presence of γ-Fe2O3 enhanced the cell viability and cell growth rate. The developed poly(vinyl alcohol)/γ-Fe2O3 electrospun nanofiber mat has a good potential for tissue engineering scaffolds.

scholarly journals Synergistic effects of retinoic acid and graphene oxide on the physicochemical and in-vitro properties of electrospun polyurethane scaffolds for bone tissue engineering

e-Polymers ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 363-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mahdi Safikhani ◽  
Ali Zamanian ◽  
Farnaz Ghorbani
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Hard Tissue ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Sem Micrographs

AbstractTissue engineering scaffolds simulate extracellular matrixes (ECMs) to promote healing processes of damaged tissues. In this investigation, ECM were simulated by retinoic acid-loaded polyurethane-graphene oxide nanofibers to regenerate bone defects. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum and X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns proved the synthesis of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets. SEM micrographs of nanofibers demonstrated through the formation of homogeneous and bead free fibrous scaffolds that the diameter of fibers were reduced by decreasing the applied voltage in an electrospinning process and the addition of GO. According to the results, the addition of GO to the polyurethane (PU) solution led to an increase in mechanical strength which is the most important parameter in the hard tissue repair. The GO-containing scaffolds showed an increased wettability, swelling, biodegradation and drug release level. Release behavior in nanocomposite scaffolds followed the swelling and biodegradation mechanisms, so osteogenic expression was possible by incorporating retinoic acid (RA) in PU-GO nanofibrous scaffolds. Biological evaluations demonstrated that composite scaffolds are biocompatible and support cellular attachment in which RA-loaded samples represented better cellular spreading. In brief, nanocomposite fibers showed desired that the physicochemical, mechanical and biological properties and synergic effects of GO and RA in osteogenic activity of MG-63 cells produced favorable constructs for hard tissue engineering applications.

scholarly journals Fabrication and Degradation of Electrospun Scaffolds from L-Tyrosine-Based Polyurethane Blends for Tissue Engineering Applications

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Spagnuolo ◽  
Lingyun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Hydrolytic Degradation ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Diameter Distribution ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Electrospun Scaffolds ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Degradation Pattern

It is important to control the degradation rate of a tissue-engineered scaffold so that the scaffold will degrade in an appropriate matching rate as the tissue cells grow in. A set of potential tissue engineering scaffolds with controllable rates of degradation were fabricated from blends of two biocompatible, biodegradable L-tyrosine-based polyurethanes (PEG1000-HDI-DTH and PCL1250-HDI-DTH) using the electrospinning process. The scaffolds were characterized by mat morphology, fiber diameter, diameter distribution, pore size, and hydrolytic degradation behavior. The majority of the scaffolds, despite having radically different chemical compositions, possessed no statistical difference with pore sizes and fiber diameters. The degradation pattern observed indicated that scaffolds consisting of a greater mass percentage of PEG1000-HDI-DTH decayed to a greater extent than those containing higher concentrations of PCL1250-HDI-DTH. The degradation rates of the electrospun scaffolds were much higher than those of the thin cast films with same compositions. These patterns were consistent through all blends. The work demonstrates one practical method of controlling the degradation of biopolymer scaffolds without significantly affecting an intended morphology.

Electrospun nanofiber meshes with tailored architectures and patterns as potential tissue-engineering scaffolds

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 015001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yazhou Wang ◽  
Guixue Wang ◽  
Liang Chen ◽  
Hao Li ◽  
Tieying Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Electrospun Nanofiber ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds

Fabrication of Tissue Engineering Scaffolds via Multi-Jet and Component Alternate Electrospinning

2005 ◽  
Vol 288-289 ◽  
pp. 67-70
Author(s):  
Lu Zhang ◽  
Lin Gang Wang ◽  
Ping Hu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Ethylene Oxide ◽  
Propylene Oxide ◽  
Egg White ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Poly Ethylene Oxide ◽  
Poly Ethylene

In this article, electrospinning of poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) /egg white blend and that of poly (carbon dioxide-co-propylene oxide) were studied. Blend fibrous mats containing poly (carbon dioxide-co-propylene oxide) and PEO/egg white blend were obtained through multi-jet and component alternate eletrospinning, respectively. Component alternate electrospinning exhibits higher efficiency and produces better blended products than multi-jet electrospinning does because the inter-influence between different jets during multi-jet electrospinning greatly affects electrospinning process while component alternate electrospinning avoids such kind of influence.

scholarly journals The Role of Calcium Phosphates and Electrospun 3D Scaffolds in Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2S2) ◽  
pp. 978-985
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Calcium Phosphates ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
External Assistance ◽  
Tissue Reconstruction

Bone is a naturally occurring nano-composite structure bestowed with an innate regenerative potential. When this regenerative potential is not able to cope up with the bone loss, external assistance in the form of scaffolds, cells and signals are needed. This forms the basis of bone tissue engineering (BTE). CaP ceramics like hydroxyapatite (HA), calcium deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHA) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) are an excellent choice of material for hard tissue reconstruction. However, they are brittle in nature and solid ceramic constructs are not conducive for vascularisation, thus limiting their application as scaffolds for BTE. Thus composite scaffolds of appropriate polymer/ceramic combination would greatly benefit BTE. Electrospinning is an extremely versatile methodology that is predominantly used for the fabrication of nanofibrous structures that closely mimic the ECM. Nevertheless, electrospinning of 3D structures is still a challenge. Various innovations in the electrospinning process are being tried out in order to produce true 3 dimensional structures that can act as scaffolds for BTE. The current paper reviews such technologies and also suggests the way forward for research in this area.

Compare of Electrospinning PLA and PLA/β-TCP Scaffold in Vitro

2005 ◽  
Vol 475-479 ◽  
pp. 2379-2382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Song Fan ◽  
Xian Tao Wen ◽  
Yan Fei Tan ◽  
R. Wang ◽  
H.D. Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Composite Scaffold ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Biodegradable Composite ◽  
Spinning Process

In recent years, electrospinning process is gradually applied in producing tissue-engineering scaffold. In this study, we chose polylacticacid(PLA) and β-tertiary calcium phosphate(β-TCP) as raw materials to fabricate PLA/β-TCP biodegradable composite scaffold by electrospinning process. The characteristics of the scaffold and effect of the scaffolds to cell proliferation and cell adhesion was studied. Compare with pure PLA scaffold, blendingβ-TCP in the spinning process of the scaffold could improve the properties of the scaffold, especially the hydrophilicity and the proliferation and adhesion of cells, this means that the material is more potential to be used as tissue engineering scaffolds.

scholarly journals 3D Electrospun Nanofiber-Based Scaffolds: From Preparations and Properties to Tissue Regeneration Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Shanshan Han ◽  
Kexin Nie ◽  
Jingchao Li ◽  
Qingqing Sun ◽  
Xiaofeng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Porous Matrix ◽  
Electrospun Nanofiber ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
3D Scaffolds

Electrospun nanofibers have been frequently used for tissue engineering due to their morphological similarities with the extracellular matrix (ECM) and tunable chemical and physical properties for regulating cell behaviors and functions. However, most of the existing electrospun nanofibers have a closely packed two-dimensional (2D) membrane with the intrinsic shortcomings of limited cellular infiltration, restricted nutrition diffusion, and unsatisfied thickness. Three-dimensional (3D) electrospun nanofiber-based scaffolds can provide stem cells with 3D microenvironments and biomimetic fibrous structures. Thus, they have been demonstrated to be good candidates for in vivo repair of different tissues. This review summarizes the recent developments in 3D electrospun nanofiber-based scaffolds (ENF-S) for tissue engineering. Three types of 3D ENF-S fabricated using different approaches classified into electrospun nanofiber 3D scaffolds, electrospun nanofiber/hydrogel composite 3D scaffolds, and electrospun nanofiber/porous matrix composite 3D scaffolds are discussed. New functions for these 3D ENF-S and properties, such as facilitated cell infiltration, 3D fibrous architecture, enhanced mechanical properties, and tunable degradability, meeting the requirements of tissue engineering scaffolds were discovered. The applications of 3D ENF-S in cartilage, bone, tendon, ligament, skeletal muscle, nerve, and cardiac tissue regeneration are then presented with a discussion of current challenges and future directions. Finally, we give summaries and future perspectives of 3D ENF-S in tissue engineering and clinical transformation.

scholarly journals Biodegradable Nanomats Produced by Electrospinning: Expanding Multifunctionality and Potential for Tissue Engineering

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 2693-2711 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Ashammakhi ◽  
A. Ndreu ◽  
A. Piras ◽  
L. Nikkola ◽  
T. Sindelar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Bioactive Scaffolds ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Process Factors

With increasing interest in nanotechnology, development of nanofibers (n-fibers) by using the technique of electrospinning is gaining new momentum. Among important potential applications of n-fiber-based structures, scaffolds for tissue-engineering represent an advancing front. Nanoscaffolds (n-scaffolds) are closer to natural extracellular matrix (ECM) and its nanoscale fibrous structure. Although the technique of electrospinning is relatively old, various improvements have been made in the last decades to explore the spinning of submicron fibers from biodegradable polymers and to develop also multifunctional drug-releasing and bioactive scaffolds. Various factors can affect the properties of resulting nanostructures that can be classified into three main categories, namely: (1) Substrate related, (2) Apparatus related, and (3) Environment related factors. Developed n-scaffolds were tested for their cytocompatibility using different cell models and were seeded with cells for to develop tissue engineering constructs. Most importantly, studies have looked at the potential of using n-scaffolds for the development of blood vessels. There is a large area ahead for further applications and development of the field. For instance, multifunctional scaffolds that can be used as controlled delivery system do have a potential and have yet to be investigated for engineering of various tissues. So far, in vivo data on n-scaffolds are scarce, but in future reports are expected to emerge. With the convergence of the fields of nanotechnology, drug release and tissue engineering, new solutions could be found for the current limitations of tissue engineering scaffolds, which may enhance their functionality upon in vivo implantation. In this paper electrospinning process, factors affecting it, used polymers, developed n-scaffolds and their characterization are reviewed with focus on application in tissue engineering.

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