How private self-awareness can influence the effectiveness self-report using the Big-five among Chinese adolescent

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Julio Carandang Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Chinese Adolescent

Measuring the Big Five in Self-Report and Other Ratings

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Barbaranelli ◽  
Gian Vittorio Caprara
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Error Variance ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Third Person ◽  
Fit Indexes ◽  
Response Modes

Summary: The aim of the study is to assess the construct validity of two different measures of the Big Five, matching two “response modes” (phrase-questionnaire and list of adjectives) and two sources of information or raters (self-report and other ratings). Two-hundred subjects, equally divided in males and females, were administered the self-report versions of the Big Five Questionnaire (BFQ) and the Big Five Observer (BFO), a list of bipolar pairs of adjectives ( Caprara, Barbaranelli, & Borgogni, 1993 , 1994 ). Every subject was rated by six acquaintances, then aggregated by means of the same instruments used for the self-report, but worded in a third-person format. The multitrait-multimethod matrix derived from these measures was then analyzed via Structural Equation Models according to the criteria proposed by Widaman (1985) , Marsh (1989) , and Bagozzi (1994) . In particular, four different models were compared. While the global fit indexes of the models were only moderate, convergent and discriminant validities were clearly supported, and method and error variance were moderate or low.

scholarly journals A meta-analysis on individual differences in primary emotional systems and Big Five personality traits

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Marengo ◽  
Kenneth L. Davis ◽  
Gökçe Özkarar Gradwohl ◽  
Christian Montag
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Affective Neuroscience ◽  
Emotional Systems

AbstractThe Affective Neuroscience Personality Scales (ANPS) were constructed as a self-report assessment to measure individual differences in Jaak Panksepp’s cross-species primary emotional systems: SEEKING, PLAY, CARE (positive emotions) and FEAR, SADNESS, ANGER (negative emotions). Beginning with the first published work on the ANPS in 2003, individual differences on the ANPS measures of these six primary emotional systems have been consistently linked to Big Five personality traits. From a theoretical perspective, these primary emotional systems arising from subcortical regions, shed light on the nature of the Big Five personality traits from an evolutionary perspective, because each of these primary emotional systems represent a tool for survival endowing mammalian species with inherited behavioral programs to react appropriately to complex environments. The present work revisited 21 available samples where both ANPS and Big Five measures have been administered. Our meta-analytical analysis provides solid evidence that high SEEKING relates to high Openness to Experience, high PLAY to high Extraversion, high CARE/low ANGER to high Agreeableness and high FEAR/SADNESS/ANGER to high Neuroticism. This seems to be true regardless of the ANPS inventory chosen, although much more work is needed in this area. Associations between primary emotional systems and Conscientiousness were in the lower effect size area across all six primary emotions, thereby supporting the idea that Conscientiousness rather seems to be less directly related with the subcortical primary emotions and likely is the most cognitive/cortical personality construct out of the Big Five. In sum, the present work underlines the idea that individual differences in primary emotional systems represent evolutionarily ancient foundations of human personality, given their a) meaningful links to the prominent Big Five model and b) their origins lying in subcortical areas of the human brain.

scholarly journals To Fear or Fly to the Unknown: Tolerance for Ambiguity and Big Five Personality Traits

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayley Jach ◽  
Luke Smillie
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Openness To Experience ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Aesthetic Appreciation ◽  
Ambiguity Tolerance ◽  
Intellectual Curiosity ◽  
Behavioral Choice ◽  
Tolerance For Ambiguity

The present study investigated whether ambiguity tolerance relates to personality traits that are theoretically grounded in fear (neuroticism) or attraction (openness to experience; extraversion) for the unknown. Our hypotheses were supported for self-report measures (and openness to experience predicted ambiguity tolerance controlling for intelligence), but behavioral choice measures of ambiguity tolerance demonstrated poor reliability and were unrelated to self-reported ambiguity tolerance and basic personality traits. An exploratory network analysis revealed that ambiguity tolerance was more strongly related to the intellectual curiosity (vs. aesthetic appreciation) facet of openness to experience, and the assertiveness (vs. energy or sociability) facet of extraversion. Our findings reinforce the fragmented literature in this area, and support predictions derived from psychological entropy theories of personality.

scholarly journals Affective Neuroscience Theory and Personality: An Update

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Montag ◽  
Kenneth L. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Brain Research ◽  
The United States ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Mammalian Brain ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Affective Neuroscience ◽  
Human Personality

AbstractThe present work gives a short overview of central aspects of Jaak Panksepp’sAffective Neuroscience Theory(AN theory) and its relevance for modern personality neuroscience. In contrast to the widely used Big Five approach to studying and understanding human personality, AN theory provides researchers with a distinct roadmap to the biological basis of personality, including molecular and neuroanatomical candidates, to understand individual differences in human behavior. Such molecular and neuroanatomical brain candidates have been derived by means of electrical brain stimulation and pharmacological challenges, while investigating primary emotional systems anchored in the subcortical mammalian brain. Research results derived from the study of emotions in mammals are also of relevance for humans because ancient layers of our minds—those layers where primary emotions originate—have been homologously conserved across species. From an evolutionary perspective, this makes sense because primal emotions represent “built-in tools for survival” for all mammals. In this context, Montag and Panksepp recently illustrated a potential ancient neurobiological effect by carving out robust associations between individual differences in primary emotions (assessed via self-report) and the Big Five in a cross-cultural study with data from the United States, Germany, and China. These associations together with some ideas derived from MacLean’s Triune Brain concept highlighted (a) that primary emotions likely represent the phylogenetically oldest parts of human personality and (b) that primary emotions influence human personality in a bottom-up fashion given their localization in ancient subcortical brain regions. A comment on the work by Montag and Panksepp asked for insights on putative links between primary emotions and facets of the Big Five. Therefore, we provide some first insights into such associations from recent Germany data. In addition, the present work provides a new short version of the Affective Neuroscience Personality Scales to assess individual differences in primary emotions.

scholarly journals A darker shade of love: Machiavellianism and positive assortative mating based on romantic ideals

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamás Ináncsi ◽  
András Láng ◽  
Tamás Bereczkei
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Big Five Model ◽  
Positive Assortative Mating ◽  
Ideal Standards ◽  
Cynical View ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Ideal ◽  
Three Components

Machiavellianism is a personality trait that is characterized by manipulative and exploitative attitude toward others, lack of empathy, and a cynical view of human nature. In itself or as part of the Dark Triad it has been the target of several studies investigating romantic relations. Nevertheless, the relationship between Machiavellianism and romantic ideals has not been revealed yet. An undergraduate sample of 143 (92 females) with an average age of 19.83 years (SD = 1.51 years) filled out self-report measures of Machiavellianism (Mach-IV Scale) and romantic ideals (Ideal Standards Scale and NEO-FFI-IDEAL). According to our results, Machiavellianism correlated negatively with the importance of partner’s warmth-trustworthiness, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and with the importance of intimacy and loyalty in their ideal relationships. Machiavellianism correlated positively with the ideal partner’s possession over status and resources. Explorative factor analysis revealed three components of ideal partner’s characteristics. Machiavellianism loaded significantly on two out of three components. Results are discussed with regard to Ideal Standards Model and the Big Five model of personality.

scholarly journals Self‐informant agreement for personality and evaluative person descriptors: Comparing methods for creating informant measures

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard J. Simms ◽  
Kerry Zelazny ◽  
Wern How Yam ◽  
Daniel F. Gros
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Incremental Validity ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Informant Agreement ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Person ◽  
Limited Power ◽  
The Third Person

Little attention typically is paid to the way self‐report measures are translated for use in self‐informant agreement studies. We studied two possible methods for creating informant measures: (a) the traditional method in which self‐report items were translated from the first‐ to the third‐person and (b) an alternative meta‐perceptual method in which informants were directed to rate their perception of the targets' self‐perception. We hypothesized that the latter method would yield stronger self‐informant agreement for evaluative personality dimensions measured by indirect item markers. We studied these methods in a sample of 303 undergraduate friendship dyads. Results revealed mean‐level differences between methods, similar self‐informant agreement across methods, stronger agreement for Big Five dimensions than for evaluative dimensions, and incremental validity for meta‐perceptual informant rating methods. Limited power reduced the interpretability of several sparse acquaintanceship effects. We conclude that traditional informant methods are appropriate for most personality traits, but meta‐perceptual methods may be more appropriate when personality questionnaire items reflect indirect indicators of the trait being measured, which is particularly likely for evaluative traits. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Development and Application of a Brief Measure of Emotional Intelligence for Vocational High School Teachers

2004 ◽  
Vol 95 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1207-1218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shwu Ming Wu
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
High School Teachers ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Vocational High School ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Report Measure

To develop a psychometrically sound, self-report measure of emotional intelligence and examine the scores of vocational high school teachers by sex and age, 375 Taiwanese vocational high school teachers (186 men, 189 women) completed the 25-item Emotional Intelligence Scale of five domains: Self-awareness, Managing Emotions, Self-motivation, Empathy, and Handling Relationships. Analysis indicated that these teachers reported higher scores on Self-awareness and Empathy but slightly lower on Managing Emotions. The women gave higher self-ratings on Self-awareness and Empathy than the men. There were also significant differences across age groups on Self-awareness, Self-motivation, Empathy and the Total score for the Emotional Intelligence Scale.

Grade perceptions of students in chemistry coursework at all levels

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 491-499
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Webb ◽  
Andrew G. Karatjas
Keyword(s):  
Student Performance ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Physical Science ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Science Courses ◽  
Perceptions Of Students

Various reasons are attributed to poor student performance in physical science courses such as lack of motivation, lack of ability, and/or the overall difficulty of these courses. One overlooked reason is a lack of self-awareness as to preparation level. Through a study over a two-year period, students at all levels (freshman through M.S.) of a chemistry program were surveyed and asked to self-report predictions of their score on examinations. At all levels, strong evidence of the Kruger–Dunning effect was seen where higher performing students tended to underpredict their examination scores while the lowest performing students tended to grossly overpredict their scores.

scholarly journals The Motivation to Empathize Scale - Indexing Virtuous and Nonvirtuous Motives to Empathize

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew S Shane
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Reactivity Index ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Latent Factor ◽  
Scale Reliability ◽  
Factor Analytic ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Future Work

While recent conceptualizations of empathy have highlighted its motivated nature (eg. (Keysers & Gazzola, 2014; Zaki, 2014) little work has yet explored the specific motivations that influence one’s propensity to empathize. Commonly-used self-report metrics of empathy include items that lean heavily, if not entirely, towards ‘virtuous’ motives (e.g. concern, sympathy, caring, helping), and empathy has been explicitly linked to these motivations in many writings. However, the definition of empathy is silent to its virtuosity; and while rarely indexed, several less virtuous motivations for empathy can be readily identified: to influence, to manage, to mediate, to manipulate. Towards a more thorough investigation of the various motives underlying empathy, the present paper introduces the Motivation to Empathize scale, which was specifically designed to parse one’s propensity to consider the feelings of another into both virtuous (e.g. caring/compassionate/loving) and nonvirtuous (e.g. selfish, manipulative, sinister) motives. The paper outlines initial steps taken towards scale development and item reduction, and provides preliminary evidence of scale reliability and construct validity. Specifically, factor analytic techniques separated empathic motivations into two (high-alpha) factors, with all virtuous motives loading on latent factor one, and all nonvirtuous motives loading on latent factor two. Thus, virtuous and nonvirtuous motives to empathize appear to constitute distinct, and statistically separable, measures of the propensity to empathize. Virtuous, but not non-virtuous motives, correlated with the empathic concern subscale of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI; Davis, 1980), and each motivation type showed distinct relationships with the Compassion and Politeness aspects of Agreeableness (ie. big-five personality traits). In total, these results suggest that both virtuous and nonvirtuous motives may predict the manifestation of empathy, and that future work would do well to consider these varied motivations when considering the nature of the empathic construct.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document