The Effect of Electric Charges Formed during Repeated Deformations on the Fatigue Resistance of Vulcanizates

1960 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 970-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Dogadkin ◽  
V. E. Gul ◽  
N. A. Morozova
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatigue Resistance ◽  
Acetylene Black ◽  
Black Oil

Abstract Electroelastic and triboelastic effects result in the formation of electric charges on articles made from polymers undergoing deformation. It was of interest to determine the effect of the charges formed during deformation on the fatigue resistance of vulcanizates. No convincing experiments clearly demonstrating the role of electric charges arising during friction or deformation had been carried out previously. Vulcanizates containing different amounts of acetylene black were tested in a machine in which cylindrical specimens with thickened ends were subjected to repeated bending at 1300 cycles/minute. The stocks had the following composition (in parts by weight) : SKS-30A 100, sulfur 2, technical stearin 2, Rubrax 5, black oil 4, MBTS 0.6, diphenylguanidine 0.8, zinc oxide 5, oleic acid 1. Increasing amounts of acetylene black were added to this composition: 6, 12, 18, 20, 22, 30, 40 and 75 wt. parts per 100 wt. parts of rubber.

scholarly journals TILLING-by-Sequencing+ Reveals the Role of Novel Fatty Acid Desaturases (GmFAD2-2s) in Increasing Soybean Seed Oleic Acid Content

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1245
Author(s):  
Naoufal Lakhssassi ◽  
Valéria Stefania Lopes-Caitar ◽  
Dounya Knizia ◽  
Mallory A. Cullen ◽  
Oussama Badad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Fatty Acid Desaturase ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Oleic Acid Content ◽  
Fatty Acid Production ◽  
Tilling By Sequencing

Soybean is the second largest source of oil worldwide. Developing soybean varieties with high levels of oleic acid is a primary goal of the soybean breeders and industry. Edible oils containing high level of oleic acid and low level of linoleic acid are considered with higher oxidative stability and can be used as a natural antioxidant in food stability. All developed high oleic acid soybeans carry two alleles; GmFAD2-1A and GmFAD2-1B. However, when planted in cold soil, a possible reduction in seed germination was reported when high seed oleic acid derived from GmFAD2-1 alleles were used. Besides the soybean fatty acid desaturase (GmFAD2-1) subfamily, the GmFAD2-2 subfamily is composed of five members, including GmFAD2-2A, GmFAD2-2B, GmFAD2-2C, GmFAD2-2D, and GmFAD2-2E. Segmental duplication of GmFAD2-1A/GmFAD2-1B, GmFAD2-2A/GmFAD2-2C, GmFAD2-2A/GmFAD2-2D, and GmFAD2-2D/GmFAD2-2C have occurred about 10.65, 27.04, 100.81, and 106.55 Mya, respectively. Using TILLING-by-Sequencing+ technology, we successfully identified 12, 8, 10, 9, and 19 EMS mutants at the GmFAD2-2A, GmFAD2-2B, GmFAD2-2C, GmFAD2-2D, and GmFAD2-2E genes, respectively. Functional analyses of newly identified mutants revealed unprecedented role of the five GmFAD2-2A, GmFAD2-2B, GmFAD2-2C, GmFAD2-2D, and GmFAD2-2E members in controlling the seed oleic acid content. Most importantly, unlike GmFAD2-1 members, subcellular localization revealed that members of the GmFAD2-2 subfamily showed a cytoplasmic localization, which may suggest the presence of an alternative fatty acid desaturase pathway in soybean for converting oleic acid content without substantially altering the traditional plastidial/ER fatty acid production.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanostructures Growth by the role of pH variation

2020 ◽  
Vol 596 ◽  
pp. 012040
Author(s):  
Arlina Ali ◽  
Mahani Yusoff ◽  
An’amt Mohamed Noor ◽  
Pao Ter Teo ◽  
Sarizam Mamat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Zinc Oxide Nanostructures ◽  
Ph Variation ◽  
Oxide Nanostructures

The role of Ga and Bi doping on the local structure of transparent zinc oxide thin films

2021 ◽  
pp. 159489
Author(s):  
Filipe C. Correia ◽  
Joana M. Ribeiro ◽  
Alexei Kuzmin ◽  
Inga Pudza ◽  
Aleksandr Kalinko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Local Structure ◽  
Oxide Thin Films ◽  
Bi Doping

Evidence against local neural mechanism for intestinal postprandial hyperemia

1983 ◽  
Vol 245 (3) ◽  
pp. H437-H446 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Nyhof ◽  
C. C. Chou
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Neural Mechanism ◽  
Jejunal Mucosa ◽  
Vasoactive Substances ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Anesthetized Dogs ◽  
Postprandial Hyperemia

The role of local intestinal nerves in the nutrient-induced intestinal hyperemia was investigated in jejunal segments of anesthetized dogs by comparing the hyperemic effect of intraluminal glucose and oleic acid solutions before and after mucosal anesthesia and infusions of methysergide, hexamethonium, and tetrodotoxin. Methysergide, hexamethonium, and tetrodotoxin all failed to alter either the vascular or metabolic responses to luminal placement of glucose or oleic acid. The increases in blood flow and oxygen uptake produced by glucose or oleic acid, however, were blocked or attenuated after exposing the mucosa to dibucaine. The effect was norepinephrine due to an altered vascular response to vasoactive substances as dibucaine did not alter vascular responses to isoproterenol or norepinephrine. Dibucaine, however, inhibited active transport and increased passive transport of glucose across rat intestinal sacs in vitro. Oxygen consumption of the canine jejunal mucosa was also inhibited by dibucaine in vitro. It seems that inhibition of the nutrient-induced intestinal hyperemia by dibucaine is due, at least in part, to its effect on oxygen consumption and glucose transport of the mucosal epithelial cells. Nutrient-induced hyperemia appears not to be neurally mediated but more closely related to metabolism.

scholarly journals Growth Parameters for Films of Hydrothermally Synthesized One-Dimensional Nanocrystals of Zinc Oxide

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad A. Mahmood ◽  
Sadaqat Jan ◽  
Ibrar A. Shah ◽  
Imran Khan
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Precursor Solution ◽  
Synthesis Temperature ◽  
Growth Time ◽  
Material Research ◽  
Hydrothermal Route ◽  
Seeding Layer ◽  
Potential Applications

Zinc oxide has been the focus of material research due to its potential applications in a variety of novel fields. The material exhibits anisotropic growth in the form of single crystal rods/wires of length in microns and thickness in several tens of nanometers through a facile and low temperature hydrothermal route wherein size, morphology, orientation, and growth rate are strongly dependent on a number of synthesis parameters. In this review article we intend to present/discuss the effects of important growth parameters of zinc oxide that have been reported in the literature. These parameters include concentration of the precursor solution, growth time, role of hexamine, synthesis temperature, pH of the precursor, and seeding layer deposited on a substrate.

scholarly journals Lipids Affect the Cryptococcus neoformans-Macrophage Interaction and Promote Nonlytic Exocytosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 85 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina J. Nolan ◽  
Man Shun Fu ◽  
Isabelle Coppens ◽  
Arturo Casadevall
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Cellular Lipid ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Acid Supplementation

ABSTRACT Many microbes exploit host cellular lipid droplets during the host-microbe interaction, but this phenomenon has not been extensively studied for fungal pathogens. In this study, we analyzed the role of lipid droplets during the interaction of Cryptococcus neoformans with macrophages in the presence and the absence of exogenous lipids, in particular, oleate. The addition of oleic acid increased the frequency of lipid droplets in both C. neoformans and macrophages. C. neoformans responded to oleic acid supplementation by faster growth inside and outside macrophages. Fungal cells were able to harvest lipids from macrophage lipid droplets. Supplementation of C. neoformans and macrophages with oleic acid significantly increased the rate of nonlytic exocytosis while having no effect on lytic exocytosis. The process for lipid modulation of nonlytic exocytosis was associated with actin changes in macrophages. In summary, C. neoformans harvests lipids from macrophages, and the C. neoformans-macrophage interaction is modulated by exogenous lipids, providing a new tool for studying nonlytic exocytosis.

Role of sodium citrate in leaching of low-grade and multiphase zinc oxide ore in ammonia–ammonium sulfate solution

2017 ◽  
Vol 169 ◽  
pp. 534-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Yang ◽  
Libo Zhang ◽  
Chao Lv ◽  
Jinhui Peng ◽  
Shiwei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Sodium Citrate ◽  
Sulfate Solution ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate Solution
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