scholarly journals Didymocyrtis epiphyscia, Lichenochora weillii, and Lichenoconium xanthoriae newly recorded from Turkey

Mycotaxon ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 136 (2) ◽  
pp. 523-528
Author(s):  
Mustafa Kocakaya
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Species ◽  
First Time

Three lichenicolous fungal species, Didymocyrtis epiphyscia, Lichenochora weillii, and Lichenoconium xanthoriae, are reported for the first time from Turkey. Comments on the taxonomy, ecology, and hosts and photographic illustrations are provided for each species.

scholarly journals Macrofungi from Siddababa Sacred Grove: West, Nepal

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 107-116
Author(s):  
Hari P Aryal ◽  
Rajenda Poudel ◽  
U Budathoki
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
New Record ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Edible Mushrooms ◽  
Sacred Grove ◽  
Wild Edible Mushrooms ◽  
Riverine Forest ◽  
Taxonomic Description ◽  
First Time

During the survey of wild edible mushrooms in between tropical and temperate belt of Nepal in rainy season 2010 -2012, many macro fungal species were collected and identified. The paper highlights on new record of Volvorella taylorii (Berk and Broome) Sing. The species was reported and re-described for the first time from Nepal. Along with, taxonomic description of the two species of Volvorella found in the same studied area, have also been provided. Phytogeographycally, the sample collected area lies within a narrow limit of 9.75 hectare at the altitude between 335 and 400 masl in tropical deciduous riverine forest. The dried specimens are housed in the Tribhuvan University Central Herbarium (TUCH), Kirtipur Kathmandu, Nepal.  

Thermophilous fungi of decomposing sugarcane bagasse

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (18) ◽  
pp. 2015-2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. K. Sandhu ◽  
Surinder Singh ◽  
M. K. Waraich
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
New Record ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Northern India ◽  
First Time ◽  
Temperature Responses

Twenty species of thermophilous fungi were identified from sugarcane bagasse at Batala in Northern India. Seven fungal species are reported from bagasse for the first time and Aspergillus caespitosns is a new record for India. Aspergillus fumigatus was the most common fungus followed by Mncor pusillus. The temperature responses of the fungi revealed 5 microthermophiles, 11 thermotolerant, and 4 true thermophiles. Three species of thermophilous fungi are reported in addition to those already recorded in the literature.

Veluticeps fasciculata sp. nov. (Gloeophyllaceae, Basidiomycota), a close relative to V. berkeleyi

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 243 (2) ◽  
pp. 163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiao Yang ◽  
Karen K. Nakasone ◽  
Shuang-Hui He
Keyword(s):  
Southern China ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Its Rdna ◽  
Close Relative ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
First Time

A new brown-rot fungal species, Veluticeps fasciculata, is described from southern China. It is characterized by perennial effused basidiocarps with smooth or tuberculose hymenophore, nodose-septate generative hyphae, fasciculate cystidia (as hyphal pegs in hymenophore) and relatively small basidiospores. It occurs on wood of Cunninghamia and Cryptomeria. Although similar to Veluticeps berkeleyi, morphological and molecular (ITS rDNA sequences) data show that V. fasciculata is a distinct species. Complete description and illustrations are provided for the V. fasciculata. In addition, V. fimbriata is reported from China for the first time.

scholarly journals Description of Lepiotaceous Fungal Species of the Genera Chlorophyllum, Clarkeinda, Macrolepiota, Pseudolepiota, and Xanthagaricus, from Laos and Thailand

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 666
Author(s):  
Phongeun Sysouphanthong ◽  
Naritsada Thongklang ◽  
Jian-Kui Liu ◽  
Else C. Vellinga
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
Dna And Rna ◽  
First Time

In our ongoing research on lepiotaceous taxa (Agaricaceae s.l.) in Laos and northern Thailand, we focus here on Chlorophyllum, Clarkeinda, Macrolepiota, Pseudolepiota, and Xanthagaricus. Collections were obtained from various habitats, including agricultural habitats, grasslands, and rainforests. A total of 12 taxa were examined and investigated. Of these 12, two are new for science; viz. Xanthagaricus purpureosquamulosus with brownish-grey to violet-brown squamules on a pale-violet to violet background; it shares the pileus color with X. caeruleus and X. ianthinus, but differs in other characters; and Macrolepiota excelsa, rather similar to M. procera but related toM. detersa. Two species, Pseudolepiota zangmui and Xanthagaricus necopinatus are recorded for the first time in Thailand. Four species of Chlorophyllum and a total of four species of Macrolepiota were found, viz., C. demangei and C. hortense with white basidiospores, C. molybdites and C. globosum with green basidiospores, M. detersa, M. dolichaula, the new M. excelsa, and M. velosa. Another rather common striking species is Clarkeinda trachodes, with yellow-green basidiospores. Each species is described in detail, with color photographs and line drawings. Phylogenetic analyses based on internal transcribed spacer (nrITS) region, the large subunit nuclear ribosomal (nrLSU) DNA and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (rpb2) genes provide evidence for the placement of the species covered.

scholarly journals Distribution and diversity of Polyporaceae in Western India: An overview and addition to mycoflora of the Gujarat state

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajit M Vasava ◽  
Ravi S Patel ◽  
Rina D Koyani ◽  
Kishore S. Rajput
Keyword(s):  
Single Species ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Western India ◽  
Gujarat State ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Dichomitus Squalens ◽  
Laetiporus Sulphureus ◽  
The Family ◽  
First Time ◽  
New Distribution

Extensive fieldwork in different climatic regimes of Gujarat state during last four years resulted in the collection of more than 349 fungal species. Out of these, 37 species from 20 genera were found to be from the family Polyporaceae. Among these, five species are being reported for the first time here as new distribution records. The highest number of species is represented by the genus Trametes while, Cerrena unicolo, Neolentinus kauffmanii, Dichomitus squalens, Panus conchatus and Laetiporus sulphureus possessed single species each.

scholarly journals Isolation and potential biocontrol of the fungus causing anthracnose in longan in Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 1889-1896
Author(s):  
Phan Thi Huyen ◽  
Vo Thi Xuan Huong ◽  
Do Thanh Nhan
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Microbial Community Structures ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
First Time

Introduction: Longan is a crop plant of very high economic value, and both its fruit and flower are beneficial for human health. Longan has been increasingly cultivated in Vietnam due to the increasing demand for domestic consumption as well as export of its fruit. However, the widespread emergence and spread of anthracnose, a group of fungal disease affecting a wide range of plant species, in longan has seriously affected both the longan fruit yield and quality in Vietnam. Current methods for the prevention of anthracnose in longan depend mainly on the use of fungicides which are very harmful to human health as well as disruptive to microbial community structures in different ecosystems. In order to obtain an environmentally friendly method of control for this disease, the agent causing anthracnose in longan must first be identified. Therefore, the aim of this study was to isolate and identify the causal anthracnose agent in longan in Vietnam. Methods: Experiments were first carried out with pieces of anthracnose longan leaves pressed onto the surface of potato-dextrose agar (PDA) and incubated for days at 30◦C. Colonies, varying in appearance, were repeatedly isolated and purified on PDA agar, and the anthracnose-causing agent was initially recognized on the basis of colony characteristics and cell morphology. The suspected isolate was then tested for its ability to decompose healthy longan leaf in vitro, and its rDNA region was cloned and sequenced to determine its taxonomy. Antifungal activity testing was performed using the co-culture method. Results: We obtained a fungal isolate with septate hyphae, ovoid appressoria, and conidia (which were cylindrical in shape with rounded ends). This isolate showed a clear ability to decompose healthy longan leaves. At the molecular level, the isolate was determined to be a fungal species belonging to genus Colletotrichum, and therefore named Colletotrichum sp. strain BKHCM. We also found that its growth was inhibited when co-cultured with Streptomyces flaveus, an actinomycete originating from soil. Conclusion: For the first time, we isolated a fungal species belonging to genus Colletotrichum from anthracnose-infected longan leaves in Vietnam. We also showed that the growth of this fungus could potentially be biocontrolled.

scholarly journals Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) used in childhood caries management has potent antifungal activity against oral Candida species

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kausar Sadia Fakhruddin ◽  
Hiroshi Egusa ◽  
Hien Chi Ngo ◽  
Chamila Panduwawala ◽  
Siripen Pesee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Species ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Silver Diamine Fluoride ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Caries Management ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Oral Candida ◽  
Time Kill ◽  
First Time ◽  
Childhood Caries

Abstract Background: The microbiome of Severe-Early Childhood Caries (S-ECC), is characterized by an ecosystem comprising bacterial and fungal species, with a predominance of Candida species. Hence, an anti-cariogen effective against both bacteria and fungi would be valuable in the management of S-ECC. Here we evaluate the antifungal effect of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) against 35-clinical yeast isolates (Ten-each of C. albicans , C. krusei, C. tropicalis and five C. glabrata strains) from dentinal caries-lesions from S-ECC. Results: Disc-diffusion and time-kill assays as well as MIC 50 and MIC 90 evaluations against therapeutic concentrations confirmed the broad-spectrum anti-candidal potency of SDF. Ultrastructural images revealed morphologic aberrations of yeast-cell walls on exposure to SDF. All C. krusei and C. glabrata isolates were significantly more sensitive to SDF, relative to the standard antifungal fluconazole. Further, SDF appears to effectively abrogate filamentation of C. albicans even at very low concentrations. Conclusions: Our data, for the first time, elucidate the anti-candidal potency of SDF, in addition to its known antibacterial activity, in the management of S-ECC.

scholarly journals Allium sativum Extract Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Activity and Antifungal Effect against Meyerozyma guilliermondii and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa Causing Onychomycosis

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (21) ◽  
pp. 3958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel Pârvu ◽  
Cătălin A. Moţ ◽  
Alina E. Pârvu ◽  
Cristina Mircea ◽  
Leander Stoeber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Rhodotorula Mucilaginosa ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Main Compound ◽  
Meyerozyma Guilliermondii ◽  
Total Oxidative Status ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
First Time

Onychomycosis is a major health problem due to its chronicity and resistance to therapy. Because some cases associate paronychia, any therapy must target the fungus and the inflammation. Medicinal plants represent an alternative for onychomycosis control. In the present work the antifungal and antioxidant activities of Alium sativum extract against Meyerozyma guilliermondii (Wick.) Kurtzman & M. Suzuki and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa (A. Jörg.) F.C. Harrison, isolated for the first time from a toenail onychomycosis case, were investigated. The fungal species were confirmed by DNA molecular analysis. A. sativum minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and ultrastructural effects were examined. At the MIC concentration (120 mg/mL) the micrographs indicated severe structural alterations with cell death. The antioxidant properties of the A. sativum extract were evaluated is a rat turpentine oil induced inflammation, and compared to an anti-inflammatory drug, diclofenac, and the main compound from the extract, allicin. A. sativum reduced serum total oxidative status, malondialdehyde and nitric oxide production, and increased total thiols. The effects were comparable to those of allicin and diclofenac. In conclusion, the garlic extract had antifungal effects against M. guilliermondii and R. mucilaginosa, and antioxidant effect in turpentine-induced inflammation. Together, the antifungal and antioxidant activities support that A. sativum is a potential alternative treatment in onychomycosis.

Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oil of a Wild Kiwi

2011 ◽  
Vol 322 ◽  
pp. 160-163
Author(s):  
Yin Lu ◽  
Hong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Leaf Oil ◽  
First Time

A medicinal wild kiwi in China, Actinidia valvata Dunn, has been well known for its activities against leprosy and cancers. The compositions and the antimicrobial activity of its leaf oil were reported for the first time. The oil obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC and GC-MS, was characterized by the high content of monoterpenes. Linalool (48.14%) is the major component identified, followed by 1,2-dimethyl-lindoline (7.94%), linolenic acid methylester (6.57%) and (E)-phytol (5.29%). The antimicrobial activity of the oil was evaluated against four bacterial and three fungal species. The results showed that it exhibited a mild antibacterial activity against two Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis), a significant activity against Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli), and no activity on Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The test fungi were more sensitive to the oil, with a MIC range of 0.78~1.56 μL/mL than bacteria in the range which were significantly higher from 0.78 to 25.50 μL/mL.

scholarly journals MASS SPECTROMETRIC STUDIES OF THE COMPOSITION OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS RELEASED BY VARIOUS FUNGAL SPECIES OF GENUS LECANICILLIUM

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
A. G. Kuzmin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Quadrupole Mass ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
First Time ◽  
Chemical Pesticides

For the first time, the quantitative and qualitative composition of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), released by strains of various species of entomopathogenic fungi (EF) of the genus Lecanicillium, was studied using a quadrupole mass spectrometer. Lecanicillium fungi are used as an alternative to chemical pesticides for plant protection. The main detected components of the gas phase over the EF mycelium on the 10th day of growing on the agar Czapek's medium were carbon dioxide (5–20%), oxygen (0.1–15%), acetone (0.2–12 ppm), pentane (up to 0.5 ppm), acetic acid (up to 0.15 ppm). Acetone and pentane were found in the VOCs of all studied strains, acetic acid — in 5 strains belonging to different species, in other strains it appeared after a longer period of time, or was absent completely. Among the VOCs of some strains, substances such as hexyl acetate, sulfur dioxide were found in small quantities. These substances may be responsible for the pathogenic and repellent properties of the studied fungi with respect to phytophages.

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